Deck 4: Global Communication and Diversity

Question 1

Developing strong cross-cultural relationships requires a judger mind-set.

Answer 1

False
Explanation: Developing strong cross-cultural relationships requires a learner mind-set. With the learner mind-set, you expect that members of other cultures possess unique types of knowledge and unique approaches to problem solving that will be helpful for shared business interests.

Question 2

High-performance societies view feedback as judgmental and uncomfortable.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: Performance orientation is the extent to which a community encourages and rewards innovation, high standards, and performance improvement. High-performance societies view feedback as essential to improvement.

Question 3

Following the rules of etiquette in other cultures is one way of gaining favorable first impressions and showing respect.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: Following the rules of etiquette in other cultures is one way of gaining favorable first impressions and showing respect. This is especially the case as you get to know potential partners or clients.

Question 4

Egalitarianism is the extent to which a community encourages and rewards innovation, high standards, and performance improvement.

Question 5

Business managers high in cultural intelligence recognize that developing effective co-cultures requires creating something new.

Question 6

In order to develop strong cross-cultural relationships, one must have an ethnocentric mind-set.

Question 7

Projected cognitive similarity is the tendency to think members of other groups are all the same.

Question 8

In high gender-egalitarianism cultures, men and women are encouraged to occupy the same professional roles and leadership positions.

Question 9

In future-oriented societies, organizations use short-term strategies and plans to guide their long-term business activities.

Question 10

Generally, as countries increase the standard of living, they develop more collectivist tendencies.

Question 11

Organizations are less likely to develop clear long-term strategies and business plans in present-oriented societies.

Question 12

Learning the languages of other cultures helps you appreciate the richness of those cultures.

Question 13

The outgroup homogeneity effect occurs when people project their own cultural norms and values to explain the behaviors they see in others.

Question 14

People in low uncertainty avoidance cultures often stress orderliness and consistency, even if it means sacrificing experimentation and innovation.

Question 15

People of all cultures conceptualize time similarly.

Question 16

Cultures that exhibit extremely high collectivism within organizations tend to have a family-centered culture.

Question 17

In hierarchical cultures, decision making is decentralized.

Question 18

In less-assertive cultures, people are uncomfortable with silence.

Question 19

Popular culture plays an important role in the formation of negative stereotypes.

Question 20

Low-performance societies prioritize measurable goals and objectives in meetings and communications.

Question 21

Which of the following is useful advice on conducting business across cultures with those who have limited English ability?

A)Determine a person's level of communication proficiency within the first few moments of your interactions.
B)Speak at your normal, regular pace instead of speaking slowly as this may be viewed as disrespectful.
C)Use slang and jargon instead of literal language as much as possible.
D)Allow those with limited English ability enough time to process their thoughts into English.
E)When using an interpreter, focus on the interpreter instead of the person you are communicating with.

Question 22

Which of the following cultural dimensions changes most rapidly?

A)Individualism and collectivism
B)Egalitarianism and hierarchy
C)Performance orientation
D)Future orientation
E)Uncertainty avoidance

Question 23

In _____ cultures, people tend to minimize status differences.

A)hierarchical
B)ethnocentric
C)egalitarian
D)future-oriented
E)vertically-structured

Question 24

Tibet is a taboo topic of conversation in India.

Question 25

How do individualists differ from collectivists?

A)Individualists value obligation over choice, unlike collectivists.
B)Collectivists see themselves as distinct from their family members, unlike individualists.
C)Individualists prefer direct communication, unlike collectivists.
D)Collectivists network in temporary social networks, unlike individualists.
E)Individualists often discuss group rewards and goals, unlike collectivists.

Question 26

As prosperity and economic development rise, _____ increases as well.

A)collectivism
B)individualism
C)dualism
D)monocentrism
E)xenocentrism

Question 27

Which of the following is a trait of individualists?

A)They tend to follow the perceived dreams and goals of the group as a matter of duty.
B)They tend to stay in contact with and work through extended networks.
C)They stay in relationships even when they are no longer mutually satisfying.
D)They communicate directly to efficiently deal with work tasks and outcomes.
E)They make decisions based on the larger interests of society.

Question 28

_____ is the tendency to think that members of groups other than your own are all the same.

A)Projected cognitive similarity
B)Performance orientation
C)Cultural assimilation
D)Humane orientation
E)Outgroup homogeneity effect

Question 29

In hierarchical cultures:

A)decision making is decentralized.
B)protocol based on status is not important.
C)subordinates do not take responsibility for the mistakes of leaders.
D)leaders are approached through intermediaries.
E)status symbols aren't valued.

Question 30

What is projected cognitive similarity?

A)It is the assumption that no two cultures are alike in terms of values and norms.
B)It is the assumption that all cultures are inferior to your own.
C)It is the assumption that other cultural groups have the same values as your own.
D)It is the assumption that certain cultures can never be stereotyped.
E)It is the assumption that all cultures are superior to your own.

Question 31

Which of the following is a communication trend characteristic of high collectivist cultures?

A)Occasionally socializing with colleagues after work hours
B)Discussing group rewards and goals
C)Spending little time in group decision making
D)Emphasizing opportunities and choices
E)Socializing within loosely tied and temporary social networks

Question 32

Entering relationships primarily based on common interests and leaving them when they are no longer mutually satisfying or beneficial is characteristic of _____.

A)collectivism
B)individualism
C)ethnocentrism
D)egalitarianism
E)xenocentrism

Question 33

Which of the following is characteristic of high cultural intelligence?

A)The ability to work by a rigid set of rules and guidelines
B)The ability to superimpose one's own culture upon all others
C)The ability to interpret the behavior of people worldwide through a single culture's framework
D)The ability to approach cross-cultural work relationships with a learner mind-set
E)The ability to suppress one's curiosity and interest in other cultures

Question 34

Cultures that emphasize duties and obligations and function within tightly knit and permanent social networks are high in _____.

A)collectivism
B)individualism
C)egalitarianism
D)ethnocentrism
E)performance orientation

Question 35

Chocolates, dessert items, and fine wine are good gifts to give someone in Russia.

Question 36

Which of the following is a feature of egalitarian cultures?

A)Employees are discouraged from openly challenging leaders.
B)Salary differences between the top and the bottom of the organization are extreme.
C)Competence is highly valued in positions of authority.
D)Status symbols are considered important.
E)Leaders are approached through intermediaries.

Question 37

_____ culture tends to be more permanent and enduring than other types of culture.

A)Team
B)National
C)Business
D)Organizational
E)Work

Question 38

Meeting times are relaxed and often start 10 to 15 minutes late in China.

Question 39

Which of the following is a trait of collectivists?

A)They pursue their own dreams and goals, even when it means spending less time with their family.
B)They leave relationships when they are no longer mutually satisfying, beneficial, or convenient.
C)They stay in contact with and work through extended networks built on family and friends.
D)They make decisions based on each individual's needs.
E)They enter friendships and relationships primarily based on common interests.

Question 40

Which of the following statements about hierarchical cultures is true?

A)Subordinates can directly approach their superiors.
B)Status symbols are considered unimportant.
C)Subordinates are never blamed for the mistakes of leaders.
D)Protocol based on status is reserved only for formal occasions.
E)Power is concentrated at the top.

Question 41

Which of the following is a feature of high-performance societies?

A)Relationships are emphasized more than results.
B)Financial incentives are acceptable motivators.
C)Feedback is viewed as being judgmental.
D)Expressions of loyalty and sympathy are valued.
E)Goals and objectives are discussed in a casual manner.

Question 42

Which of the following is a feature of high future orientation cultures?

A)Often mentioning short-term rewards and incentives
B)Focusing more on extrinsic motivation
C)Rarely discussing long-term strategies as part of communications
D)Appreciating visionary approaches to business problems
E)Using inflexible and firm language

Question 43

In high humane orientation cultures:

A)companies and shareholders emphasize social responsibility.
B)society members are expected to solve personal problems on their own.
C)self-enjoyment takes precedence over displays of generosity.
D)people extend material and social support only to a close circle of friends and family.
E)people smile and display other nonverbal signs of welcome infrequently.

Question 44

In low humane orientation cultures, people:

A)demonstrate that others belong and are welcome.
B)provide social support to each other.
C)are urged to be sensitive to all forms of unfairness.
D)are expected to solve personal problems on their own.
E)consider taking time to talk about feelings as critical.

Question 45

Which of the following is a feature of high humane orientation cultures?

A)Expressing greetings and welcome only in formal interactions
B)Considering taking time to talk about feelings as inefficient
C)Helping others only when asked
D)Urging people to be sensitive to all forms of unfairness, unkindness, and discrimination
E)Giving precedence to personal comfort and enjoyment over generosity and kindness

Question 46

Which of the following is characteristic of egalitarian cultures?

A)Leaders can be approached directly by subordinates.
B)Decision making is centralized.
C)Subordinates are blamed for the mistakes of leaders.
D)Salary ranges between the top and the bottom of the organization are extreme.
E)Power is concentrated at the top.

Question 47

Which of the following is true of highly assertive cultures?

A)Highly assertive cultures use tender and pleasant language.
B)Highly assertive cultures stress equality and use cooperative language.
C)Highly assertive cultures prioritize resolving issues over showing respect to others.
D)Highly assertive cultures value measured and disciplined expression of thoughts and feelings.
E)Highly assertive cultures view silence as communicative and respectful.

Question 48

Which of the following statements about high-performance societies is true?

A)High-performance societies emphasize results more than relationships.
B)High-performance societies view feedback as judgmental and uncomfortable.
C)High-performance societies value expressions of loyalty and sympathy.
D)High-performance societies display a relaxed view of time.
E)High-performance societies consider financial incentives to be inappropriate motivators.

Question 49

The cultural dimension of assertiveness deals with:

A)the level of confrontation and directness that is considered appropriate and productive.
B)the degree to which cultures are willing to sacrifice current wants to achieve future needs.
C)the way in which cultures socialize members to feel in uncertain, novel, surprising, or extraordinary situations.
D)the division of roles between men and women in society.
E)the degree to which an organization or society encourages and rewards individuals for being fair, altruistic, friendly, generous, caring, and kind.

Question 50

Which of the following is characteristic of people from high humane orientation cultures?

A)They extend concern to both friends and strangers.
B)They prioritize pleasure and self-enjoyment over kindness and generosity.
C)They smile and display other nonverbal signs of welcome infrequently.
D)They expect people to solve their own problems.
E)They consider taking time to talk about feelings as inefficient.

Question 51

Which of the following is characteristic of people from low humane orientation cultures?

A)They express greetings, welcome, concern, and appreciation in most interactions.
B)They consider taking time to talk about feelings as critical.
C)They are sensitive to all forms of unfairness.
D)They smile and display other nonverbal signs of welcome frequently.
E)They prioritize pleasure and self-enjoyment over kindness and generosity.

Question 52

Which of the following is characteristic of highly assertive cultures?

A)They emphasize direct and unambiguous language.
B)They view silence as communicative and respectful.
C)They typically express less emotion.
D)They stress equality and use cooperative language.
E)They prioritize showing respect over resolving issues.

Question 53

_____ refers to how cultures socialize members to feel in novel, surprising, or extraordinary situations.

A)Collectivism
B)Humane orientation
C)Uncertainty avoidance
D)Egalitarianism
E)Individualism

Question 54

In egalitarian organizations, leaders:

A)are approached through intermediaries.
B)tend to blame subordinates for their mistakes.
C)draw salaries much higher than their subordinates.
D)prefer the command-and-control approach.
E)lead with participatory and open management styles.

Question 55

Cultures with low future orientation:

A)use inflexible and firm language.
B)emphasize control and planning for the future.
C)focus on intrinsic motivation.
D)discuss long-term strategies as part of business communications.
E)appreciate visionary approaches to business problems.

Question 56

In high future-oriented societies, organizations:

A)frequently rely on short-term rewards and incentives.
B)use inflexible and firm language.
C)create long-term strategies and business plans.
D)focus on extrinsic motivation.
E)prioritize proven and routine approaches to problems.

Question 57

How does a less-assertive culture differ from a highly assertive culture?

A)Less-assertive cultures are uncomfortable with silence and speak up quickly to fill the silence.
B)Less-assertive cultures prioritize resolving issues over showing respect to others.
C)Less-assertive cultures typically express a lot of emotion.
D)Less-assertive cultures use tough, dominant language.
E)Less-assertive cultures stress equality and use cooperative language.

Question 58

Which of the following is a feature of low-performance societies?

A)There is more emphasis on results than on relationships.
B)Measurable goals and objectives are prioritized in meetings.
C)Feedback is viewed as essential to improvement.
D)Expressions of loyalty and sympathy are valued.
E)Financial incentives are considered appropriate motivators.

Question 59

Which of the following statements about low future orientation cultures is true?

A)They make the sacrifices that are considered necessary to reach future goals.
B)They focus on intrinsic motivation.
C)They plan extensively for crises and unforeseen contingencies.
D)They tend to enjoy being in the moment and spontaneity.
E)They appreciate visionary approaches to business problems.

Question 60

Which of the following statements about low-performance societies is true?

A)Low-performance societies emphasize results more than relationships.
B)Low-performance societies view feedback as essential to improvement.
C)Low-performance societies display a relaxed view of time.
D)Low-performance societies emphasize the importance of meeting deadlines.
E)Low-performance societies have clear mechanisms for measuring the achievement of goals.

Question 61

What is ethnocentrism?

A)It is the belief that your own culture is superior to others.
B)It is the belief that your own culture has nothing of value to share with others.
C)It is the belief that people of other cultures should make all business decisions.
D)It is the belief that you have more to learn from other cultures than teach.
E)It is the belief that other cultures have a better knowledge base to conceptualize work.

Question 62

Why are stereotypes formed? Do stereotypes serve any useful purpose?

Question 63

People from high uncertainty avoidance cultures:

A)rely on the word of people they trust rather than contractual arrangements.
B)prefer formality in the majority of interpersonal business interactions.
C)are less concerned with documentation and maintenance of meeting records.
D)feel unbound by formalized policies, procedures, and rules when discussing work decisions with others.
E)are less resistant to change and more tolerant toward breaking rules.

Question 64

Which of the following is a feature of high uncertainty avoidance cultures?

A)People prefer working with flexible rules and guidelines.
B)People prefer tasks with sure outcomes and minimal risk.
C)People seek verification through oral communication.
D)People prefer to break rules and take calculated risks.
E)People value trust more than contractual agreements.

Question 65

Which of the following statements about people with learner mind-sets is true?

A)They view other cultures as inferior to their own.
B)They view other cultures as superior to their own.
C)They acknowledge that members of other cultures possess unique knowledge.
D)They believe they have a better knowledge base to conceptualize work than others.
E)They expect to have full control over all decision-making processes.

Question 66

In high uncertainty avoidance cultures:

A)formalized policies are considered unnecessary.
B)business interactions are informal.
C)change is welcome and considered desirable.
D)verification is sought through oral communication.
E)orderliness and consistency are held important.

Question 67

What qualities would a person with a high cultural intelligence display?

Question 68

In low gender egalitarianism cultures:

A)equal professional opportunities are provided to men and women.
B)men and women have the same communication and management styles.
C)protocol that draws attention to gender is avoided.
D)men and women are expected to occupy different roles in society.
E)men have fewer leadership opportunities than women.

Question 69

Which of the following statements best describes Russian etiquette and customs?

A)Pakistan and the caste system are taboo topics of conversation.
B)Gift giving is a sign of friendship; however, expensive and leather gifts should be avoided. .First names are appropriate only after a relationship is well established.
D)People commonly sit side by side rather than facing one another during meetings.
E)The conversation style of the people is loud, animated, lively, and expressive with lots of interruptions.

Question 70

Which of the following is true of a co-culture?

A)Co-culture involves the belief that your own culture is superior.
B)Co-culture is a combination of elements from different cultures.
C)People with judger mind-sets find it easier to develop co-cultures.
D)Co-cultures deemphasize the differences that exist between cultures.
E)People with learner mind-sets cannot develop co-cultures.

Question 71

Which of the following statements is a similarity between Russia and India?

A)Meeting times are relaxed and often start 10 to 15 minutes late in both countries.
B)Cricket is an appropriate topic of conversation in both countries.
C)Comparing Moscow and St.Petersburg is a taboo topic of conversation in both countries.
D)Gifting expensive gifts and gifting leather gifts is avoided in both countries.

Question 72

Which of the following is true of people from low uncertainty avoidance cultures?

A)They are uncomfortable in ambiguous situations.
B)They prefer working by strict and unbending rules.
C)They stress orderliness and consistency.
D)They show more resistance towards change.
E)They value trust more than contractual agreements.

Question 73

Which of the following business trends is valued across the world?

A)High priority on performance orientation
B)Low priority on egalitarianism
C)High priority on hierarchy
D)Low priority on humane orientation
E)High priority on past orientation

Question 74

Which of the following is a feature of low uncertainty avoidance cultures?

A)Orderliness and consistency are considered important.
B)Rules are inflexible and binding.
C)Oral verification is considered adequate.
D)Change is undesirable and not easily accepted.
E)Clear-cut instructions and rules are used to clarify expectations.

Question 75

Which of the following statements highlight the difference between Chinese and Brazilian etiquette and customs?
B)Tibet is a taboo topic of conversation in Brazil, while deforestation is a controversial topic of conversation in China.
C)Touching is rare in Brazil, while frequent and extended touching is accepted in China.
D)Business attire in China should be stylish and fashionable while conservative suits are preferred in Brazil.
E)Gift giving is common in first meetings in Brazil, while gifts are generally not expected on the first meeting in China.

Question 76

Which of the following statements best describes Brazilian etiquette and customs?

A)People commonly sit side by side rather than facing one another during meetings.
B)Individual meals are rarely served, and dishes for the group are provided on a rotating tray.
C)Poverty and slum areas are taboo topics of conversation in the country.
D)Films, politics, and cricket are appropriate topics of conversation in the country.

Question 77

Which of the following must be kept in mind while building cross-cultural relationships?

A)Your culture is superior to that of others.
B)People across cultures have similar conceptions of time.
C)People across cultures interpret behavior differently.
D)People across cultures have the same cultural mind-set.
E)Your culture is inferior to that of others.

Question 78

Which of the following statements best describes etiquette and customs in India?

A)Soccer and the weather are appropriate topics of conversation in India.
B)Tiananmen Square is considered a taboo topic of conversation in India.
C)The conversation style is animated and lively with lots of interruptions in India. .Titles are typically used unless directed otherwise in the workplace in India.
E)Gifts are generally not expected on the first meeting in India.

Question 79

In low uncertainty avoidance cultures:

A)formality is expected in most interpersonal business interactions.
B)change is unwelcome and undesirable.
C)orderliness and consistency are held important.
D)trust is hard to build and is valued less than contractual agreements.
E)tasks involving calculated risks, problem solving, and experimentation are preferred.

Question 80

In high gender egalitarianism cultures:

A)more professional leadership opportunities are provided to men.
B)men and women communicate in distinct masculine and feminine ways.
C)men and women have equal influence in professional decision making.
D)protocol that draws attention to gender is preferable.
E)men and women are expected to occupy different roles in society.