Deck 9: Ethical Issues in International Business

Question 1

In their essay "Sweatshops and Respect for Persons," Denis Arnold and Norman Bowie argue that a worker's productivity is independent of the wages paid to that worker.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

In his essay "The Great Non-Debate Over International Sweatshops", Ian Maitland argues that good ethical judgment requires that more sweatshops, not fewer, are needed.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In his essay "The Great Non-Debate Over International Sweatshops", Ian Maitland argues that corporate managers should appease their critics and improve the working conditions in their global factories.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Which of the following is a main argument by Ian Maitland a. Workers in the urban sector of developing nations earn better wages than do workers in the rural sector. b. The widening of the wealth gap between the rich and poor is unavoidable and inconsequential to the use of sweatshops c. Workers in sweatshops should always enjoy an American "living-wage" standard. d. It is not the responsibility of business to punish corrupt government regimes.

Question 5

According to Norman Bowie, multinationals must adjust ethical behavior for different cultures as there is no such thing as a "morality of the marketplace."

Question 6

According to Arnold in "The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations," persons have a right to freedom but not well being.

Question 7

According to Norman Bowie in "Relativism and the Moral Obligations of Multinational Corporations," moral relativism asserts that whatever a culture says is right or wrong for it, is really right or wrong.

Question 8

The concept of "negative rights" as explained by Denis Arnold in "The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations", are rights that have been taken away because of illegal behavior.

Question 9

Denis Arnold, in "The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations", clarifies that a shortcoming of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)is that its aim is primarily at which group a. Western cultures b. Corporations c. Individuals d. States

Question 10

In their essay "Sweatshops and Respect for Persons", Denis Arnold and Norman Bowie argue that respecting workers in global factories requires that MNE managers ensure workers are paid a wage for a 48-hour work week that keeps them out of overall poverty.

Question 11

In their essay "Sweatshops and Respect for Persons", Denis Arnold and Norman Bowie argue that respecting workers in global factories means that MNE managers must adhere to local labor and environmental laws.

Question 12

Maitland's main argument for sweatshops is that they do not employ children, the wages are not lower than American wages, and governments are abiding by international law.

Question 13

According to Norman Bowie in "Relativism and the Moral Obligations of Multinational Corporations," the mere fact that a culture thinks that a practice is moral, does not mean that it is moral.

Question 14

According to Arnold in "The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations," human rights are a Western concept with little or no applicability in non-Western cultures.

Question 15

Patricia Werhane says that private property, minimal regulations, and free trade are characteristics of what a. The rights of every business b. Western mental models of industrialization c. Universal social "goods" d. Natural capital

Question 16

Adidas has a firm policy of termination of employment of all juveniles employed at its suppliers, no questions asked.

Question 17

The corporate efforts to combat corruption described by Hess and Dunfee in "Taking Responsibility for Bribery: The Multinational Corporation's Role in Combating Corruption" focus on which of the following a. Prohibiting sweatshops and implementing counter sweatshop policies b. Prohibiting bribery and implementing a counter bribery program c. Creating and enforcing human rights regulations d. All of the above

Question 18

In "Exporting Mental Models: Global capitalism in the 21^st Century", Werhane argues that our mental models of "social good" are socially constructed ideas that are contextually and culturally relative.

Question 19

International efforts to combat corruption, as described by Hess and Dunfee, have done all but which of the following a. Been ratified by 30+ countries b. Made it illegal to bribe abroad c. Made sweatshops illegal in every country d. Reduced corruption (reports)by 27%

Question 20

Norman Bowie, in accordance with his essay "relativism and the Moral Obligations of Multinational Corporations", would suggest that Wal-Mart is violating universal, market ethical standards in the case study, "Should Wal-Mart Do More.A Case Study in Global Supply Chain Ethics".

Question 21

What does Patricia Werhane mean by saying that we recklessly export our mental models of industrialization to developing nations.Give an example of this process gone wrong. How do Werhane's suggestions to solve this problem while still attending to global poverty issues tie into Stuart Hart's argument in "Taking the Green Leap at the Base of the Pyramid" from chapter 8

Question 22

Explain the Kantian arguments Denis Arnold and Norman Bowie use in "Sweatshops and Respect for Persons" to support the claim that MNEs have duties to ensure that their off-shore contract factories meet minimum safety standards and provide a living wage for employees. Explain Ian Maitland's argument that improving health and safety conditions and improving wages will cause greater harm than good. With whom do you agree more. Explain.

Question 23

According to Hess and Dunfee bribery inhibits economic development and undermines human rights. Explain their arguments in favor of this perspective. Additionally, outline the efforts underway by corporations to combat bribery. What results do you expect from these corporate efforts.Why

Question 24

Name two of the workplace health hazards workers are routinely exposed to in sweatshops as identified by Arnold and Bowie in "Sweatshops and Respect for Persons".

Question 25

In "The Human rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations" Denis Arnold argues that business has what type of obligations.Describe these obligations. Additionally, assess the managerial implications of such claims. What should corporations do with this information

Question 26

Briefly, what might Ian Maitland suggest to Geletex Inc. in the case "Facilitation or Bribery: Cultural and Ethical Disparities" in response to the director of compliance's inquiries

Question 27

The Adidas case study highlighted the company's focused efforts to reform what kind of practices from their suppliers

Question 28

As stated by Arnold in "The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations", human rights differ from legal rights in a very specific way. Identify this difference.

Question 29

Identify the relationship between productivity and wages that Arnold Bowie highlight and insist that Maitland has ignored in his support of sweatshops.

Question 30

According to Norman Bowie in "Relativism and the Moral Obligations of Multinational Corporations," basic ethical principles should not vary among cultures. Defend or criticize this conclusion. How would Denis Arnold respond to such an assertion in accordance with his perspective in "The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations"