Deck 5: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility

Question 1

Virtue ethics goes beyond the conventional rules of society.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Two basic ethical ideals underpin the Caux Principles: honesty and integrity.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Most people have unconscious biases that favor themselves and their group.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The ethical climate of an organization refers to the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong.

Question 5

Ethics is the system of rules that governs the ordering of values.

Question 6

Utilitarianism is an ethical system stating that the greatest good for the greatest number should be the overriding concern of decision makers.

Question 7

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act,passed in 2002,established strict marketing rules to improve and maintain investor confidence.

Question 8

An ethical leader is one who is both a moral person and a moral manager influencing others to behave ethically.

Question 9

An ethical issue is a situation,problem,or opportunity in which an individual is obligated by law to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong.

Question 10

Utilitarianism defines acceptable behaviors as that which maximizes benefits for the individual.

Question 11

Astroturfing is a deceptive practice.

Question 12

Excessive emphasis on long-term revenues over shorter-term considerations is one of the factors that is conducive to unethical behavior.

Question 13

Business ethics comprises the moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business.

Question 14

Issues such as urban sprawl,CEO pay,and underpaid workers make it clear that business needs to improve its efforts to be ethical.

Question 15

Relativism defines ethical behavior based on the opinions and behavior of other people.

Question 16

According to public opinion polls,only 31 percent of employees said they trust their own CEO.

Question 17

Egoism is a preferred ethical stance from a societal perspective,compared to utilitarianism.

Question 18

Egoism states that all people should uphold certain values,such as honesty,that society needs to function.

Question 19

People in the conventional stage of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development conform to the expectations of ethical behavior held by groups or institutions such as society,family or peers.

Question 20

Moral philosophy refers to the principles,rules,and values people use in deciding what is right or wrong.

Question 21

The economic responsibility of a business includes satisfying its obligations to investors.

Question 22

A "carbon footprint" refers to the output of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

Question 23

In general the accumulated evidence indicates that social responsibility is associated with better financial performance.

Question 24

An integrity-based ethics program instills in people a personal responsibility for ethical behavior.

Question 25

A system of rules that governs the ordering of values is referred to as

A)DFE.
B)ethics.
C)corporate legitimacy.
D)justice.
E)the legal system.

Question 26

Honesty,caring,loyalty,fairness and integrity are all examples of

A)ethics.
B)citizenship.
C)values.
D)self focus.
E)excellence.

Question 27

Sustainability is not compatible with the natural ecosystems that generate and preserve life.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about bad corporate behavior is most true?

A)When corporations behave badly,only the top executives suffer.
B)When corporations behave badly,only the shareholders suffer.
C)When corporations behave badly,it's often not the top executives but rank-and-file employees who suffer most.
D)When corporations behave badly,it is usually not the problem of top executive or rank-and-file employees.
E)There is no evidence that corporations today ever behave badly.

Question 29

It is easy to be a whistleblower since there are few consequences for it.

Question 30

Profit maximization and corporate social responsibility lead to opposing corporate policies.

Question 31

The goal of ecocentric management is the creation of sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life worldwide for all organizational stakeholders.

Question 32

GE management sees environmentally friendly technologies as one of the global economy's most significant business opportunities.

Question 33

Moral awareness means realizing an issue has ethical implications.

Question 34

A compliance-based ethics program creates a moral commitment to ethical conduct.

Question 35

Sustainable growth refers to growth in profitability that sustains the wealth of shareholders.

Question 36

Life-cycle analysis (LCA)quantifies the total use of resources and the releases into the air,water and land.

Question 37

A process for ethical decision making begins with understanding all moral standards.

Question 38

Global corporate social responsibility and performance includes doing what is desired by global stakeholders and being a good global corporate citizen.

Question 39

"The social responsibility of business is to increase profits," is a well known quote from Milton Friedman,a Nobel Prize-winning economist.

Question 40

A transcendent education involves balancing self-interest with responsibility to others.

Question 41

Chun-Mei worked last summer as a receptionist in a doctor's office.During a discussion prompted by the ethics chapter in your text,she commented that she was asked to tell callers that the doctor was in surgery when in fact the doctor was playing golf! She eventually quit the job because she couldn't force herself to lie to people.Chun-Mei appeared to be following the ethical system referred to as

A)Egoism
B)Deontology
C)Relativism
D)Universalism
E)Utilitarianism

Question 42

___________ considers acceptable behavior as that which maximizes benefits for the individual.

A)Egoism
B)Deontology
C)Relativism
D)Universalism
E)Utilitarianism

Question 43

Which ethical system would most support the premise that people should hold some values as always appropriate?

A)Egoism
B)Deontology
C)Relativism
D)Universalism
E)Utilitarianism

Question 44

A situation,problem,or opportunity in which an individual must choose among several actions that must be evaluated as morally right or wrong is called a(n)

A)responsibility issue.
B)ethical issue.
C)moral business issue.
D)personal issue.
E)moral rights issue.

Question 45

______________ is the ethical system stating that all people should uphold certain values that society needs,in order to function.

A)Moral philosophy
B)Business ethics
C)Universalism
D)Caux principles
E)Utilitarianism

Question 46

Principles,rules and values people use in deciding what is right and wrong are called

A)business ethics.
B)business responsibility.
C)moral philosophy.
D)business philosophy.
E)Caux Principles.

Question 47

People in the ____________ stage of Kohlberg's model take a broader perspective in which they see beyond authority,laws and norms and follow their self-chosen ethical principles.

A)emotional
B)conventional
C)principled
D)preconventional
E)supportive

Question 48

Utilitarianism states that

A)Some values must always be upheld,regardless of the consequences.
B)Societal rules or customs should be used to order values.
C)Society will be enhanced if we all take care of ourselves and don't harm others.
D)Individuals might choose between conflicting values by tallying the final results of the various acts.
E)The greatest good for the greatest number should be the overriding concern of decision makers.

Question 49

The moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business are called

A)business principles.
B)business philosophy.
C)business development.
D)business ethics.
E)organizational politics.

Question 50

Samantha conforms to the expectations of ethical behavior held by her family and friends.She appears to be at which stage of cognitive moral development according to Kohlberg?

A)Emotional
B)Conventional
C)Principled
D)Preconventional
E)Supportive

Question 51

__________ is a perspective that goes beyond the conventional rules of society by suggesting that what is moral must also come from what a mature person with good "moral character" would deem right.

A)Business ethics
B)Virtue ethics
C)Relativism
D)Utilitarianism
E)Egoism

Question 52

People in the ____________ stage of Kohlberg's model make decisions based on concrete rewards and punishments and immediate self-interest.

A)emotional
B)conventional
C)principled
D)preconventional
E)supportive

Question 53

Clarissa has the opportunity to either go along with her coworkers and participate in filling out inaccurate time records or tell her manager what is happening.This is an example of

A)a moral rights issue.
B)an ethical issue.
C)a time when Susan should ignore the problem.
D)a situation that is not a problem.
E)Astroturfing.

Question 54

Tarissa typically makes a decision about what she will or won't do based on what her friends think she should do.Tarissa is using which ethical system for her decisions?

A)Egoism
B)Virtue ethics
C)Relativism
D)Universalism
E)Utilitarianism

Question 55

The Caux Principles are based on two ethical ideals:

A)good and bad.
B)right and wrong.
C)kyosei and human respect.
D)kyosei and human dignity.
E)self fulfillment and happiness.

Question 56

Han believes in fairness and kyosei and uses these principles to make decisions of right and wrong in his daily life.These principles are part of his

A)moral philosophy.
B)business ethics.
C)ying.
D)ecocentric philosophy.
E)personality.

Question 57

At what level of moral judgment would Kohlberg describe James,if James makes all his decisions based on immediate self-interest and concrete rewards and punishments?

A)Emotional
B)Conventional
C)Principled
D)Preconventional
E)Supportive

Question 58

Which of the following is one of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

A)Preconventional
B)Emotional
C)Relative
D)Supportive
E)Complete

Question 59

____________ is a philosophy that bases ethical behavior on the opinions and behaviors of relevant other people.

A)Egoism
B)Virtue ethics
C)Relativism
D)Universalism
E)Utilitarianism

Question 60

__________ acknowledges the existence of different ethical viewpoints and uses norms as guidelines.

A)Virtue Ethics
B)Relativism
C)Universalism
D)Utilitarianism
E)Egoism

Question 61

The process for ethical decision making begins with

A)defining the complete moral problem.
B)determining the legal requirements.
C)understanding all moral standards and recognizing all moral impacts.
D)proposing a moral solution.
E)evaluating your suggested solution's success.

Question 62

The __________ principle encourages employees to consider first if they would like to see their actions displayed on the front page of the newspaper.If yes,then it is likely an appropriate course of action.

A)Kohlberg
B)sunshine
C)newspaper
D)action
E)ethics

Question 63

The __________ of an organization refers to the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong.

A)corporate culture
B)ethical climate
C)ethics code
D)legal responsibility
E)voluntary responsibility

Question 64

Behaving ethically requires not just moral awareness and moral judgment,but also the _________ to take actions consistent with your ethical decisions.

A)ability
B)enthusiasm
C)desire
D)courage
E)instruction

Question 65

Knowing what actions are morally defensible is referred to as

A)moral awareness.
B)moral judgment.
C)moral character.
D)moral certainty.
E)moral knowledge.

Question 66

According to the text,most business leaders believe they

A)don't understand business ethics.
B)uphold ethical standards in business practices.
C)don't have to worry about ethics if their employees worry about it.
D)fail in upholding ethical standards in business practices.
E)need to worry about the stock price,not ethics.

Question 67

Compliance-based ethics programs ensure

A)resistance to social responsibility.
B)moral mediocrity.
C)discretionary social responsibility.
D)proactive social responsibility.
E)a moral commitment to ethical conduct.

Question 68

Ethical programs tend to be better integrated into operations,thinking and behavior when

A)every employee has signed the code of ethics.
B)top management has a personal commitment to responsible ethical behavior.
C)employees have seen top managers punished for their wrongdoings.
D)managers use punishment to motivate employees to "be good."
E)compliance-based programs are used.

Question 69

Corporate ethics programs commonly include which of the following?

A)Formal ethics code
B)Ethics committees
C)Ethics communication systems
D)Ethics ombudspersons
E)All of the above are generally included in corporate ethics programs.

Question 70

One who is both a moral person and a moral manager influencing others to behave ethically is referred to as a(n)

A)ethical leader.
B)ethics chairperson.
C)VP of ethics.
D)transitional leader.
E)transformational leader.

Question 71

Which of the following statements about the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is true?

A)It was passed in 1992.
B)It established strict marketing rules.
C)It was written in response to a series of public demonstrations.
D)It is intended to maintain truth-in-advertising.
E)It requires senior managers to personally sign off on financial results.

Question 72

Integrity-based ethics programs use

A)stated societal rules and values.
B)corporate social responsiveness.
C)a set of guiding principles.
D)monitoring and punishment.
E)discretionary social responsibility.

Question 73

The work of __________ classifies people into categories based on their level of moral judgment.

A)Kravitz
B)Kohlberg
C)Taylor
D)Frederick
E)Kimmelman

Question 74

Recognizing all moral impacts of the decision alternatives includes considering which of the following?

A)Benefits to some
B)Harms to others
C)Rights exercised
D)Rights denied
E)All of the above are included as impacts of decision alternatives.

Question 75

Compliance-based ethics programs are typically designed by

A)lawyers
B)employees
C)top executives
D)stockholders/owners
E)focus groups of customers

Question 76

Going beyond legal compliance with ADA standards and training people to understand that individuals with disabilities also have valued abilities is an example of

A)compliance-based programs.
B)integrity-based programs.
C)minimal requirements programs.
D)poor employee training.
E)an ethical dilemma.

Question 77

An ethics program that is designed by lawyers to detect,prevent and punish legal violations is called a(n)_________ ethics program.

A)integrity-based
B)compliance-based
C)competency-based
D)legally-based
E)responsibility-based

Question 78

Which of the following is a danger sign that organizations may be allowing or even encouraging unethical behavior?

A)Excessive emphasis on short-term revenues
B)Failure to establish a written code of ethics
C)A desire for "quick fix" solutions
D)Consideration of ethics as solely a legal issue or a public relations tool
E)All of the above are danger signs for organizations.

Question 79

John Rawls maintained that only a person ignorant of his own identity can make a truly ethical decision.This thought process is based on the

A)veil of ethics.
B)veil of understanding.
C)veil of ignorance.
D)ethical certainty.
E)ethical ignorance.

Question 80

Which of the following is described as a current ethical issue in the text?

A)CEO pay
B)Sweatshops
C)Urban sprawl
D)Commercialism in schools
E)All of the above are described as current ethical issues.