Deck 11: The Expansive Realm of Islam

Question 1

The main split inside Islam was between Sunni and

A)Ulama.
B)Qadis.
C)Shia.
D)Umayyads.
E)Sufis.

Answer 1

Shia.

Question 2

The Islamic holy law is known as the

A)umma.
B)sharia.
C)ulama.
D)qadis.
E)hijra.

Answer 2

sharia.

Question 3

The term Islam means

A)"Allah is great."
B)"devotion to the rule of life."
C)"submission."
D)"Allah desires for you what is easy,not what is hard."
E)"the one god."

Answer 3

"submission."

Question 4

No religious leader could succeed Muhammad as prophet,so political authority rested in the position of the

A)ulama.
B)caliph.
C)hajj.
D)sultan.
E)shia.

Question 5

The founder of the Abbasid dynasty was

A)Harun al-Rashid.
B)Ali.
C)Abu al-Abbas.
D)al-Ghazali.
E)Muhammad.

Question 6

The turning point in the rise of Islam was

A)Muhammad's pilgrimage to Istanbul.
B)the rise of the Umayyad dynasty.
C)the conquest of Egypt.
D)the hijra.
E)Muhammad's conversion to Christianity.

Question 7

The victorious Arabic armies of the Umayyad dynasty

A)forced the conquered peoples to convert to Islam.
B)allowed the conquered peoples to practice their own religions if they paid a tax.
C)opened up positions of authority to non-Muslims.
D)restricted the jizya to practicing Muslims.
E)forced everyone to convert from Sunni to Shia.

Question 8

The Umayyad insisted that conquered people pay a special head tax if they did not convert to Islam.This head tax was called the

A)sakk.
B)ulama.
C)hajj.
D)shia.
E)jizya.

Question 9

The Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca is known as the

A)hajj.
B)hijra.
C)qadis.
D)sharia.
E)jizya.

Question 10

After the death of Muhammad,political leadership fell to a caliph by the name of

A)Abu Bakr.
B)Ali.
C)Abu al-Abbas.
D)Harun al-Rashid.
E)Khadija.

Question 11

The Abbasid dynasty differed from the Umayyad dynasty in that the Abbasid dynasty

A)was not a conquering dynasty.
B)was much less cosmopolitan than its predecessor had been.
C)conquered a much larger territory than its predecessor had.
D)stressed the Shia sect of Islam.
E)stressed the Shia sect of Islam and was much less cosmopolitan than its predecessor had been.

Question 12

In 595,Muhammad married a wealthy widow named

A)Ibn Rushd.
B)Khadija.
C)Sufi.
D)Sharia.
E)Hadith.

Question 13

The word ulama refers to

A)"the house of Islam."
B)"holy war."
C)"people with religious knowledge."
D)"the community of Allah."
E)"the one god."

Question 14

The phrase,"one who has submitted," is the meaning of the term

A)Jain.
B)Christian.
C)Hindu.
D)Buddhist.
E)Muslim.

Question 15

The Shia believe that

A)the Umayyad dynasty were the only legitimate rulers.
B)the caliphate should follow the line of Ali.
C)that Allah was the main,but not necessarily the only,god.
D)leadership in the Islamic world could fall to any true believer.
E)a different and more pure version of the Quran exists.

Question 16

The Quran

A)is the holy book of Islam.
B)were the priests who watched over the Ka'ba.
C)was Muhammad's journey to Yathrib.
D)is the law code of Islam.
E)were Islamic scholarly bureaucrats.

Question 17

During the last two hundred years of the Abbasid empire,it fell under the control of the

A)Byzantine empire.
B)Ottoman Turkish empire.
C)Sasanids.
D)Saljuq Turks.
E)Holy Roman Empire.

Question 18

After the assassination of Ali,power fell to the

A)Umayyad dynasty.
B)Saljuq Turks.
C)Abbasid dynasty.
D)Byzantine empire.
E)Roman empire.

Question 19

The phrase dar al-Islam means

A)"victory of god."
B)"conquest of Islam."
C)"warrior of Islam."
D)"missionary of the divine faith."
E)"house of Islam."

Question 20

The capital of the Abbasid empire was

A)Damascus.
B)Istanbul.
C)Mecca.
D)Córdoba.
E)Baghdad.

Question 21

The other name for the collection of stories known as The Arabian Nights is

A)the Rubaiyat.
B)The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
C)The Thousand and One Nights.
D)the Quran.
E)The Narrow Road to the Deep North.

Question 22

One major Indian influence on Islamic thought was in the field of

A)mathematics.
B)mythology.
C)poetry.
D)history.
E)architecture.

Question 23

The word Islam means "submission," signifying obedience to the rule of Allah.

Question 24

During the 650s,devout Muslims compiled Muhammad's revelations and issued them as the Quran,the holy book of Islam.

Question 25

The Quran,following the example of Muhammad,allowed men to have up to how many wives?

A)one
B)two
C)four
D)seven
E)ten

Question 26

An individual who accepts the Islamic faith is a Muslim,meaning "one who has submitted."

Question 27

The Islamic thinker who studied Aristotle and whose thought,in turn,influenced the rise of European scholasticism was

A)Omar Khayyam.
B)Ibn Rushd.
C)Ali.
D)al-Ghazali.
E)Ibn Khaldun.

Question 28

The larger Muslim society is often called dar al-Islam,an Arabic term meaning "the Muslim house."

Question 29

The Abbasid dynasty finally came to an end in 1258,when it was overrun by the

A)Mongols.
B)Ottoman Turks.
C)Saljuq Turks.
D)Byzantines.
E)French.

Question 30

What new industry,transmitted to the Islamic world from China,was introduced during the Abbasid period?

A)steel production
B)paper manufacture
C)bronze production
D)textile production
E)iron production

Question 31

The Sufis believed

A)in reconciling the spiritual and rational worlds.
B)that they,and not the Umayyads,were the legitimate rulers of the Islamic world.
C)in an emotional and mystical union with Allah.
D)that the leadership of the Islamic world had to pass through the line of Ali.
E)in a strictly logical and rational definition of the divine.

Question 32

Caravanserais were

A)Islamic thinkers who stressed a more emotional connection to Allah.
B)Islamic officials.
C)inns offering food and lodging for traveling merchants.
D)heretical Muslims who practiced polytheism.
E)Arabic warriors.

Question 33

Islamic banks honored letters of credit,drawn on the parent bank,known as

A)sakk.
B)qadis.
C)ka'ba.
D)sufis.
E)sunnis.

Question 34

From which region did the Muslims adopt their numerals?

A)Persia
B)Greece
C)India
D)Arabia
E)Egypt

Question 35

In an effort to recruit learned students,Islamic leaders often financially supported institutions of higher learning called

A)madrasas.
B)sufis.
C)dar al-Islam.
D)umma.
E)qadis.

Question 36

Arabic numbers actually had their origin in

A)India.
B)China.
C)Persia.
D)Egypt.
E)Arabia.

Question 37

The main influence on the thought of Ibn Rushd was

A)Muhammad.
B)Confucius.
C)Abu al-Abbas.
D)Aristotle.
E)Hippocrates.

Question 38

The Persian influence on Islam could be seen in

A)treatises on mathematics.
B)works calling for greater equality for women.
C)Islamic administrative techniques.
D)the adoption of Hellenistic gods into the Islamic pantheon.
E)the fact that the Quran was written in Persian.

Question 39

How did the conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia influence the role of women in the Islamic world?

A)Female infanticide was declared illegal.
B)Islamic society became much less patriarchal.
C)Polygamy was outlawed.
D)Islamic society became more patriarchal.
E)A fertility goddess rose to challenge Allah.

Question 40

In 595,Muhammad married a wealthy widow and entered into the ranks of elite Arabic society.

Question 41

Trace the expansion of Islam,illustrated in Map 11.1,The expansion of Islam,632-733C.E.Compare the size and wealth of the burgeoning Islamic empires to that of the Byzantines,Lombards,and Franks.How close did these Islamic empires come to conquering the former Roman empire?

Question 42

Examine the role of women in the Arab and Islamic worlds.How did the position of women change as Islam expanded?

Question 43

Compare and contrast Islam to other religions discussed in the class,such as Hinduism,Buddhism,and Zoroastrianism.Do these religions have anything in common?

Question 44

How was the Islamic world influenced by its contact with the older Greek,Persian,and Indian societies? How did Islam influence these societies?

Question 45

Examine the role Muhammad played in the rise of Islam.What was his basic philosophy? How did his life experiences shape this thought?

Question 46

What are the social implications of Islamic thought? Examine the social structure of Arabia before the rise of Islam.In what ways was Muhammad a social reformer?

Question 47

Examine the split between the Sunni and Shia sects of Islam.What brought about this schism? How has it shaped Islamic history?

Question 48

The highly effective Islamic missionaries that paid less attention to doctrine and concentrated more on spiritual awareness were known as Sufis.

Question 49

Examine the rise and fall of the Umayyad dynasty.What caused its rapid rise to power? What internal problems caused its fall?

Question 50

The following words are in the Quran: "No believing men and women have any choice in a matter after God and His Apostle have decided it." What does this line tell us about the relationship between God and humans in Islam? What kind of God is Allah?

Question 51

Discuss the role that trade played in the Islamic world.How did the spread of Islam create a new trading zone? How did Muhammad view merchants?

Question 52

The veiling of women originated in the Islamic culture.

Question 53

Compare Islam to Judaism and Christianity.What are the biggest differences between these religions? What factors do they have in common?

Question 54

Increased agricultural production contributed to the rapid growth of cities in all parts of the Islamic world,from India to Spain.

Question 55

Examine the spread of Islam.What areas were brought under Muslim control and how? How did Islam influence these areas? How did these areas influence Islam? In what ways did Islam work as a unifying force?

Question 56

Discuss the implications of Muhammad's role as the "seal of the prophets." What other prophets were considered important in Islam?

Question 57

Islamic Spain was known as al-Andalus.

Question 58

Discuss the nature of Islamic tolerance.Compare the theory and practice of tolerance to the popular perception of it today.

Question 59

Discuss the Five Pillars of Islam.What are some of the other basic tenets of Islam? Examine the importance of the Quran.

Question 60

Muhammad came to refer to himself as the "seal of the prophets."

Question 61

What was the status of women in the early centuries of Islam?

Question 62

How did the Abbasids come to power,and how did their rule differ from the Umayyads?

Question 63

What people and institutions helped to promote and spread the values of Islam?

Question 64

After Muhammad died,what were the challenges faced by dar al-Islam,and how were they resolved within the first century?

Question 65

How did Persia,India,and Greece influence the realm of Islam?

Question 66

Read the passage from the Quran .How is the Islamic view of Allah similar to the Jewish or Christian view of God? Compare it to other religions studied in the course.

Question 67

Examine Map 11.1,The expansion of Islam,632-733C.E.What other cultures did the Muslims encounter during their conquests? How did the rapid conquests create problems for the new Muslim empire?

Question 68

What factors contributed to the expansion of Islamic overland and maritime trade?

Question 69

Examine the picture of Sufis on page 211.What are they doing? How do the many activities in the picture relate to the Sufis' belief in Islam? Are their beliefs similar to any other religious groups studied so far?

Question 70

The passage from the Quran describes Allah and says,"He has begotten no one and is begotten of none." What does this phrase mean? How does it relate to the Islamic interpretation of the nature of Jesus?

Question 71

How did the growth of the realm of Islam contribute to agricultural,industrial,and urban development?

Question 72

What are the fundamental tenets of Islam?

Question 73

How did Muhammad's background influence his beliefs and the early development of Islam?

Question 74

What is the significance of the hajj to Islamic religion and culture?