Deck 26: Lipids

Question 1

______________ is produced by the Brazilian palm tree and is commonly used in polish formulations for boats and cars.

A) Oil
B) Lanolin
C) Spermaceti
D) Carnauba wax
E) Beeswax

Answer 1

Carnauba wax

Question 2

Which of the following statements is (are) true about lipids?

A) Lipids are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents
B) Lipids include waxes, steroids, and triacylglycerides
C) Lipids have little in common except their solubility
D) Many lipids have biological roles
E) all of these

Answer 2

all of these

Question 3

Complex lipids contain the _____________ functional group and are __________ in organic solvents.

A) ester, not soluble
B) ketone, not soluble
C) alcohol, soluble
D) ester, soluble
E) ether, soluble

Answer 3

ester, soluble

Question 4

Which one of the following is a complex lipid?

A) cortisone
B) vitamin A
C) prostaglandins
D) progestin
E) tripalmitin

Question 5

Sheep have ___________________ on their wool.

A) oil
B) lanolin
C) spermaceti
D) carnauba wax
E) beeswax

Question 6

Birds have a layer of wax on their ______________, making them water repellant.

A) legs
B) feathers
C) ears
D) breast
E) eyes

Question 7

Predict the product(s) when spermaceti is treated with aqueous NaOH.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a class of simple lipids?

A) phospholipids
B) prostaglandins
C) terpenes
D) steroids

Question 9

Which one of the following is a simple lipid?

A) lecithin
B) tripalmitin
C) sodium lauryl sulfate
D) androsterone
E) carbohydrates

Question 10

______lipids do not undergo hydrolysis in the presence of aqueous acid or base.

Question 11

Which one of the following is a class of complex lipids?

A) steroids
B) terpenes
C) waxes
D) prostaglandins
E) furans

Question 12

Which of the following is a structure of a wax?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 13

The following compound is best classified as a(n) _________.

A) simple lipid
B) fat
C) cephalin
D) wax
E) oil

Question 14

Which one of the following is a class of simple lipids?

A) steroids
B) triglycerides
C) phoshpholipids
D) waxes
E) furans

Question 15

Which of the following is not a class of complex lipids?

A) waxes
B) prostaglandins
C) triglycerides
D) phospholipids

Question 16

Predict the products when triacontyl hexadecanoate, a major component of beeswax is treated with aqueous NaOH.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 17

Predict the products when spermaceti is treated with aqueous NaOH.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of waxes?

A) long chain esters
B) long chain ethers
C) long chain anhydrides
D) long chain fatty acids
E) long chain alcohols

Question 19

Insects have a protective coating of wax on their _____________.

A) exoskeleton
B) antenna
C) legs
D) eyes
E) hair

Question 20

______lipids undergo hydrolysis in the presence of aqueous acid or base.

Question 21

Predict the product for the following reaction.

Question 22

The following compound is best classified as a(n) _________.

A) simple lipid
B) fat
C) cephalin
D) wax
E) oil

Question 23

Which one of the following is classified as an oil?

A) trilaurin
B) trilinolein
C) tripalmitin
D) triarchadin

Question 24

Which one of the following fatty acids has the highest melting point?

A) oleic acid
B) linoleic acid
C) palmitoleic acid
D) arachidonic acid
E) arachidic acid

Question 25

The following compound is best classified as a(n) _________.

A) simple lipid
B) unsaturated triglyceride
C) unsaturated fatty acid
D) fat
E) wax

Question 26

Which of the following reagent(s) would convert palmitoleic acid to palmitic acid?

A) NaBH₄/CH₃OH
B) 1. LiAlH₄, 2. H₂O
C) NaOH/H₂O heat
D) H₂/Ni
E) A and B

Question 27

The following compound is best classified as an _________.

A) simple lipid
B) saturated triglyceride
C) saturated fatty acid
D) fat
E) wax

Question 28

How many different structures (including stereoisomers) are possible for a triglyceride that contains two palmitic acid residues and one stearic acid residue?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 29

Predict the product for the following reaction.

Question 30

Which of the following fatty acids is not likely to occur in a natural source?

A) octadecanoic acid
B) hexadecanoic acid
C) (Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid
D) pentadecanoic acid
E) (Z)-11-tetradecenoic acid

Question 31

Which one of the following has the lowest melting point?

A) trilaurin
B) tristearin
C) trilinolein
D) tripalmitolein

Question 32

Which one of the following fatty acids has the lowest melting point?

A) stearic acid
B) palmitic acid
C) lauric acid
D) arachidic acid
E) myristic acid

Question 33

Which one of the following fatty acids has the lowest melting point?

A) oleic acid
B) linoleic acid
C) palmitoleic acid
D) arachidonic acid
E) arachidic acid

Question 34

Which of the following fatty acids are most likely to occur in a natural source?

A) I and III
B) I, III and IV
C) II and V
D) IV and V
E) I, III, IV and V

Question 35

Which one of the following is classified as a fat?

A) triolein
B) trilinolein
C) tripalmitolein
D) triarchadin

Question 36

Which one of the following fatty acids has the highest melting point?

A) stearic acid
B) palmitic acid
C) lauric acid
D) arachidic acid
E) oleic acid

Question 37

Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of melting point.

A) II > I > IV > III
B) III > IV > I > II
C) IV > I > II > III
D) III > II > IV > I
E) I > II > IV > III

Question 38

Which of the following fatty acid(s) is not likely to be present in natural fats and oils?

A) octadecanoic acid
B) heptadecanoic acid
C) hexadecanoic acid
D) octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid
E) none of these

Question 39

Which one of the following has the highest melting point?

A) triolein
B) trilinolein
C) tripalmitolein
D) trimyrisitin

Question 40

Which one of the following fatty acids is produced when oleic acid is hydrogenated?

A) palmitic acid
B) lauric acid
C) myrsitic acid
D) arachidic acid
E) stearic acid

Question 41

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 42

What are the ions that are typically in soap scum?

A) sodium and potassium
B) lithium and potassium
C) hydroxide and nitrate
D) calcium and magnesium
E) silver and tin

Question 43

Which of the following compounds is (are) used as a detergent?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 44

The reaction of triglycerides with a base is a(n) ________ reaction.

A) esterification
B) transesterification
C) saponification
D) autooxidation
E) oxidation

Question 45

A triglyceride produced a linoleic acid residue, a palmitoleic acid residue and an oleic acid residue, when heated in the presence of an acid. Provide one of the possible structures for this triglyceride.

Question 46

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 47

An optically inactive triglyceride produced two palmitic acid residues and one oleic acid residue, when heated in the presence of an acid. Provide the structure(s) for this triglyceride.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) B and C

Question 48

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 49

How many different structures (including stereoisomers) are possible for a triglyceride that contains one palmitic acid residue, one arachidic acid residue and one stearic acid residue?

A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 12
E) 15

Question 50

Which of the following compounds is (are) used as a soap?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 51

The interior of a micelle is ______, whereas the exterior is _______.

A) hydrophilic, hydrophobic
B) hydrophilic, hydrophilic
C) hydrophobic, hydrophobic
D) hydrophobic, hydrophilic

Question 52

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 53

The rancid smell from unsaturated oils is due to ______________.

A) the reduction of the ester group
B) the oxidation of the ester group
C) the oxidation of the alkene
D) the reduction of the alkene
E) autooxidation

Question 54

Unsaturated triglycerides undergo autooxidation at the ___________ position of the fatty acid residue.

A) vinylic
B) allylic
C) gamma
D) delta
E) next to carbonyl

Question 55

An optically active triglyceride produced two palmitic acid residues and one oleic acid residue, when heated in the presence of an acid. Provide the structure(s) for this triglyceride.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) B and C

Question 56

Identify the substance that has a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group, but the ion exchange reaction does not generate a precipitate.

A) detergent
B) soap
C) cooking oil
D) kerosene
E) biodiesel

Question 57

Provide the structure of an optically active triglyceride that produced two myristic acid residues and an oleic acid residue when heated in the presence of an acid.

Question 58

Identify the substance that can be made from heating animal fat with wood ashes, which contain alkaline substances.

A) detergent
B) soap
C) cooking oil
D) kerosene
E) biodiesel

Question 59

Identify the fuel that is produced when vegetable oil undergoes transesterification.

A) gasoline
B) diesel
C) biodiesel
D) kerosene
E) natural gas

Question 60

In the presence of molecular oxygen, saturated triglycerides undergo autooxidation to yield hydroperoxides.

A) true
B) false

Question 61

Explain why fatty acids cannot form a bilayer.

Question 62

Which of the following is a correct description of the following compound?

A) triglyceride
B) steroid
C) phospholipid
D) prostaglandin
E) terpene

Question 63

Predict the product when cholesterol is treated with acetyl chloride in presence of pyridine.

Question 64

Which of the following compounds is a phosphatidic acid?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 65

Phosphoglycerides that contain ethanolamine are called_____.

A) lecithins
B) phosphatidyl serines
C) plasmalogens
D) cephalins
E) biodiesel

Question 66

A lipid bilayer is formed by the self assembly of _________.

A) triglycerides
B) saturated fatty acids
C) phosphoglycerides
D) unsaturated fatty acids
E) alcohols

Question 67

In estrone the B-C ring fusion is ______and the C-D ring fusion is ______.

A) cis, trans
B) cis, cis
C) trans, cis
D) trans, trans
E) both cis and trans, both cis and trans

Question 68

Which of the following lipids would produce two fatty acid residues along with choline on hydrolysis?

A) cephalins
B) phosphatidyl serines
C) triolein
D) lecithins
E) phospholipid

Question 69

Phosphoglycerides that contain choline are called_____.

A) lecithins
B) phosphatidyl serines
C) plasmalogens
D) cephalins
E) biodiesel

Question 70

Provide the structure of a lecithin that would produce two stearic acid residues on hydrolysis?

Question 71

In naturally occurring steroids mostly the B-C ring fusion is ______and the C-D ring fusion is ______.

A) cis, trans
B) cis, cis
C) trans, cis
D) trans, trans
E) both cis and trans, both cis and trans

Question 72

In androsterone the A-B ring fusion is ______and the B-C ring fusion is ______.

A) cis, trans
B) cis, cis
C) trans, cis
D) trans, trans
E) both cis and trans, both cis and trans

Question 73

List the components of lechithins and cephalins.

A) three polar head groups
B) two polar head groups and one nonpolar hydrophobic tail
C) one polar head group and two nonpolar hydrophobic tails
D) three nonpolar hydrophobic tails

Question 74

Phosphoglycerides differ from triglycerides in that one of the three fatty acid residues is replaced by a(n) ______ group.

A) thioester
B) phosphoester
C) thiol
D) alcohol
E) ester

Question 75

Which of the following is the structure of a cephalin that would produce one equivalent of oleic acid and one equivalent of stearic acid residues on hydrolysis?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) I and III
E) II and IV

Question 76

Provide the structure of a cephalin that would produce two oleic acid residues on hydrolysis?

Question 77

Which of the following lipids would produce two fatty acid residues along with ethanolamine on hydrolysis?

A) cephalins
B) phosphatidyl serines
C) triolein
D) lecithins
E) phospholipid

Question 78

Why is decanol more efficient at crossing the cell membrane than hexanol?

Question 79

Which of the following is a correct numbering of the steroid nucleus?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 80

Identify a phosphatidic acid.

A) phosphoric acid
B) phosphoric acid monoester
C) phosphoric acid diester
D) phosphoric acid trimester