Deck 12: Meiosis and Alternation of Generation

Question 1

One difference between meiosis and mitosis is that in meiosis

A) the chromosomal number is increased.
B) two cells are produced.
C) homologous chromosomes pair.
D) there are three sequential nuclear divisions.
E) six identical cells result.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In meiosis

A) the four (4) cells produced are identical to one another in all respects.
B) cells produced by meiosis always function as gametes.
C) the process doubles the chromosome number of the plant.
D) only the first division resembles mitosis.
E) the process allows for a contribution of genes from both parents.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a part of sexual reproduction?

A) Zygote
B) Meiosis
C) Mitosis
D) Vegetative spores
E) Fusion of egg and sperm

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Chiasmata appear in

A) prophase I.
B) prophase II.
C) metaphase I.
D) metaphase II.
E) anaphase I.

Question 5

In which phase of meiosis does crossing-over occur?

A) Prophase I
B) Prophase II
C) Metaphase I
D) Metaphase II
E) Anaphase II

Question 6

Which of the following statements about mitosis is NOT true?

A) Mitosis can result in the production of cells for sexual reproduction.
B) Mitosis can produce gametes.
C) Mitosis can result in asexual reproduction.
D) Mitosis can only lead to growth and development of the individual.
E) Mitosis can produce genetic mutations.

Question 7

In meiosis, a spindle first becomes conspicuous and complete in

A) prophase I.
B) anaphase I.
C) metaphase I.
D) telophase I.
E) prophase II.

Question 8

In meiosis, a doubling of the amount of DNA in each chromosome occurs in

A) interphase.
B) prophase I.
C) prophase II.
D) telophase I.
E) telophase II.

Question 9

Chromatids are once more called chromosomes in

A) interphase.
B) telophase II.
C) telophase I.
D) anaphase I.
E) metaphase II.

Question 10

In meiosis

A) spindles are formed during the second division of the process only.
B) an interphase cell with 8 chromosomes ends up as 4 cells, each with 8 chromosomes.
C) a whole chromosome from each pair migrates toward a pole in metaphase II.
D) the chromosomes become shorter and thicker in prophase I.
E) the chromosome number remains the same.

Question 11

In which of the division II (equational division)phases of meiosis may two spindles become fully developed at right angles to the ones that had been formed during division I?

A) Prophase II.
B) Metaphase II.
C) Anaphase II.
D) Telophase II.
E) None of these answers are correct.

Question 12

In which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosome pairs separate?

A) Prophase II.
B) Telophase I.
C) Anaphase I.
D) Anaphase II.
E) Metaphase II.

Question 13

In meiosis, centromeres divide separating chromatids at the beginning of

A) metaphase I.
B) telophase II.
C) prophase II.
D) anaphase II.
E) telophase I.

Question 14

In which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes separate at their centromeres, with chromatids migrating to opposite poles?

A) Prophase I.
B) Prophase II.
C) Anaphase I.
D) Anaphase II.
E) Telophase II.

Question 15

Two chromosomes that are morphologically similar, but potentially carry different versions of each gene are referred to as ______________.

A) chromatids
B) centromeres
C) homologues
D) spindle fiber elements
E) gene pairs

Question 16

Spindle fibers begin to form and nucleoli disappear by the end of

A) prophase I.
B) metaphase I.
C) anaphase I.
D) telophase I.
E) metaphase II.

Question 17

Exchange of corresponding segments of chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs in a process called

A) homologous pairing.
B) cytokinesis.
C) crossing-over.
D) centromere division.
E) backcrossing.

Question 18

Which of the following statements pertaining to sexual reproduction is true?

A) The first cell of a sporophyte generation is normally a gamete.
B) The change from a gametophyte generation to a sporophyte generation occurs immediately after meiosis.
C) The offspring are nearly always identical with the parents.
D) The first cell of a gametophyte generation is normally a spore.
E) Asexual cells fuse in pairs.

Question 19

At the end of Meiosis I, the total number of chromosomes in each daughter cell is ___________.

A) the same as the mother cell
B) doubled (2x the mother cell)
C) four times the number of the mother cell
D) reduced by ½ from the number of the mother cell
E) none of these

Question 20

In flowering plants, sexual reproduction leads to the production of ______________, the offspring for the next generation.

A) genetically identical plants
B) seed
C) flowers
D) bulbs and corms
E) new shoots

Question 21

Polyploid plants have __________ sets of chromosomes.

A) ½
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3 or more
E) variable sets of chromosomes

Question 22

The change from a _________________________ occurs as a result of meiosis.

A) zygote to a sporophyte
B) gametophyte to a sporophyte
C) sporophyte to gametophyte
D) gametophyte to gamete
E) gamete to zygote

Question 23

Which of the following pairs of cells do NOT have identical chromosome numbers in a given species of plant?

A) Egg and sperm.
B) Spore mother cell and zygote.
C) Spore and gamete.
D) Sperm and spore.
E) Spore and zygote.

Question 24

The spindle (spindle fibers)

A) function during mitosis to pull sister chromatids to opposite poles.
B) is composed of microtubules.
C) functions during meiosis I to pull the members of homologous pairs to opposite poles.
D) functions during meiosis II to pull the sister chromatids to opposite poles.
E) consists of microtubules and functions in all of the ways given above.

Question 25

______________ is common to all organisms that reproduce sexually.

A) Meiosis
B) Formation of haploid spores
C) Formation of haploid gametes directly from meiosis
D) Formation of a gametophyte generation
E) All of these are common to all sexually reproducing organisms

Question 26

In the life cycle of sexually reproducing plants, the diploid body is commonly referred to as the

A) gametophyte.
B) egg or sperm.
C) meiocyte.
D) syngamy.
E) sporophyte.

Question 27

The sex organs in which gametes are produced are formed on gametophytes.

Question 28

Spore mother cells give rise to gametes through meiosis.

Question 29

Sporophytes produce _____ by the process of meiosis.

A) gametes
B) spores
C) vegetative cells
D) egg cells only
E) sperm cells

Question 30

The nuclear envelope disintegrates by the end of prophase I.

Question 31

The haploid number of chromosomes of a plant is 20.The number of chromosomes in root, stem, and leaf cells would be

A) 10.
B) 20.
C) 30.
D) 40.
E) 60.

Question 32

Crossing over during meiosis causes greater reshuffling of genes than just meiosis without crossing over.

Question 33

Diploid organisms have how many sets of chromosomes?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 34

Chiasmata occur during anaphase I.

Question 35

Haploid cells have how many sets of chromosomes?

A) ½
B) 1
C) 2
D) More than 3
E) Variable sets of chromosomes

Question 36

The cells of a sporophyte are diploid.

Question 37

New cell walls are formed between the four groups of chromosomes during anaphase I.

Question 38

Syngamy and fertilization are alternate terms for the same thing.

Question 39

A plant that reproduces sexually cannot also reproduce asexually.

Question 40

Chromosomes line up along equators in both metaphase I and metaphase II.

Question 41

Multicellular forms are found in both phases of an alternation of generation life cycle.

Question 42

Both meiosis and fertilization contribute to the genetic variability of the offspring.

Question 43

A homologous chromosome pair has a total of two chromatids.

Question 44

Any cell of a gametophyte generation is diploid.

Question 45

A chiasma is not produced during mitosis.

Question 46

Fertilization involves fusion of spores.