Deck 5: What Changesand What Doesnt

Question 1

_____ involves a specific initiative that solves a problem, and/or makes improvements, in ways that do not present a challenge to current methods and thinking.

A) First-order change
B) Second-order change
C) Transformational change
D) Radical change

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is an operational innovation?

A) A pharmaceutical company introducing a new car into the market
B) An automobile company reducing the assembly time for its cars by reducing the cars' parts
C) A business consulting firm launching a new clothing line for children
D) A mobile phone manufacturer launching a new smartphone

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_____ are those that are implemented in anticipation of, or in response to, known trends and developments.

A) Planned changes
B) Adaptive changes
C) Reorientation changes
D) Emergent changes

Answer 3

A

Question 4

HomeCare Corp. is a manufacturer of household utilities. A recent fire at one of its production units caused HomeCare to reduce its production. This change in production is known as a(n) _____.

A) first-order change
B) second-order change
C) incremental change
D) emergent change

Question 5

GoFire Inc., a manufacturer of sportswear, starts adding sweat resistant padding to its football helmets to enhance their comfort. This addition is most accurately termed a(n) _____.

A) incremental change
B) inconsequential change
C) second-order change
D) transformational change

Question 6

According to Everett Rogers, who among the following take longer to reach a decision to change, but are still ahead of the average?

A) Innovators
B) Early majority
C) Late majority
D) Laggards

Question 7

_____ leads to organizational transformation, by introducing new products, services, and ways of doing business, based on creative lateral thinking that alters current core assumptions.

A) Incremental change
B) First-order change
C) Second-order change
D) Continuous change

Question 8

According to Everett Rogers, who among the following are usually the first in their social grouping to adopt new approaches and behaviors?

A) Late majority
B) Early majority
C) Laggards
D) Innovators

Question 9

Which of the following statements is True of second-order change?

A) It is disruptive and discontinuous.
B) It implies a degree of continuity and order.
C) It primarily makes minor improvements to an existing structure.
D) It is based on traditional thinking that upholds current core assumptions.

Question 10

Beltip Corp. was forced to shut its operations in a country due to the outbreak of a civil war in that country. The change in operations experienced by Beltip is most accurately termed as a(n) _____.

A) emergent change
B) first-order change
C) incremental change
D) shallow change

Question 11

_____ are those that just happen, or have to happen, in response to unforeseen events, such as the sudden opening of new market opportunities, or accidents and failures.

A) Timed changes
B) Emergent changes
C) Planned changes
D) Adaptive changes

Question 12

SonoTech Corp., a headphones manufacturer, adds a noise-cancelling option to its existing line of headphones. This is a(n) _____.

A) first-order change
B) second-order change
C) transformational change
D) deep change

Question 13

_____ are opinion leaders who evaluate ideas carefully, take risks, help to adapt new ideas to local settings, and have effective networking skills.

A) Late adopters
B) Innovators
C) Early adopters
D) Laggards

Question 14

Which of the following statements is True of operational innovations?

A) They are less difficult to implement than product innovations.
B) They have to be implemented before anyone can really see how they are going to work.
C) They are regarded by most companies as the most important source of competitive advantage.
D) They are overvalued by the current business culture.

Question 15

Which of the following is a difference between sustaining innovations and disruptive innovations?

A) Sustaining innovations are discontinuous, whereas disruptive innovations are continuous in nature.
B) Sustaining innovations challenge current core assumptions, whereas disruptive innovations uphold traditional assumptions.
C) Sustaining innovations improve existing products and processes, whereas disruptive innovations introduce wholly new processes and services.
D) Sustaining innovations are product innovations, whereas disruptive innovations are operational innovations.

Question 16

Incremental change differs from transformational change in that incremental change is:

A) resisted exclusively by the management, whereas transformational change is resisted exclusively by consumers.
B) gradual and small scale, whereas transformational change is radical and groundbreaking.
C) restricted to small industries, whereas transformational change is restricted to large industries.
D) aimed at increasing turnover rates, whereas transformational change is aimed at increasing employee attrition.

Question 17

TrebleTip Corp., a producer of musical instruments, decides to start manufacturing personal computers that are compatible with its amplifiers and effects processors. This change by TrebleTip is a(n) _____.

A) shallow change
B) incremental change
C) first-order change
D) second-order change

Question 18

Which of the following statements is True of first-order change?

A) It alters current core assumptions.
B) It implies a degree of continuity and order.
C) It is disruptive and discontinuous.
D) It is rapid and groundbreaking.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is True of disruptive innovations?

A) They always involve chaos and upheaval.
B) They introduce wholly new processes and services.
C) They primarily improve existing products and services.
D) They imply shallow incremental change.

Question 20

Owing to a recent legislation requiring game developers to restrict the amount of violence in their video games, DynaPlay Inc. removed certain violent elements from its upcoming line of games. This change is most accurately termed as a(n) _____.

A) emergent change
B) planned change
C) second-order change
D) transformational change

Question 21

In practice, the ripples from even simple changes in an organization can be difficult to predict, and thus difficult to manage.

Question 22

Disruptive innovations are introduced more often by large, dominant incumbents rather than by smaller new entrants.

Question 23

Innovations that are disruptive do not necessarily involve chaos and upheaval.

Question 24

Which of the following is a habit of disruptive innovators?

A) Disruptive innovators ensure that their innovations do not challenge current core assumptions.
B) Disruptive innovators focus on making minor improvements to existing products and services.
C) Disruptive innovators are good at seeing connections between things that do not appear to be related.
D) Disruptive innovators seek to reduce the number of second-order changes in companies.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is True of organizational culture?

A) The public image of an organization is shaped by its organizational culture.
B) Weak organizational culture suggests strong emotional attachment to an organization.
C) Organizations with a strong organizational culture have higher turnover rates than do organizations with weak culture.
D) Organizations with a weak culture tend to have lower absenteeism rates than do organizations with a strong organizational culture.

Question 26

According to Everett Rogers, who among the following are skeptical and risk averse and wait for most of their colleagues to adopt new ideas first?

A) Early majority
B) Innovators
C) Late majority
D) Early adopters

Question 27

Organizational culture is important because it influences organizational effectiveness.

Question 28

Which of the following is a suggestion for organizations seeking to develop the capabilities for handling disruptive innovation?

A) Organizations should consider acquiring an organization that already has the required capabilities.
B) Organizations should eliminate new structures such as dedicated, cross-functional teams.
C) Organizations should ensure that the disruptive innovation is complex and untestable.
D) Organizations should ensure that the disruptive innovation is less advantageous when compared with existing practice.

Question 29

Which of the following statements implies that it would be a mistake to think that disruptive innovation is the solution to most current organizational problems?

A) Considerable business benefit can be achieved through small-scale initiatives and sustaining innovations.
B) Most organizations have highly profitable businesses based on unconventional, radical products.
C) New technology simply displaces old technology.
D) The appeal of old technologies is short-lived.

Question 30

The management of shallow change requires more management capability and resources than implementing frame-breaking initiatives.

Question 31

Which of the following is a valuable property of social media?

A) They provide static "one-way" communication from conventional web pages.
B) They prevent users from developing connections across boundaries such as organizational silos.
C) They require specialized equipment.
D) They are pervasive "low friction" tools.

Question 32

First-order changes are radical and fundamentally alter core assumptions.

Question 33

Which of the following is the reason for the slow progress with internal corporate uses of social media?

A) Social media provides static "one-way" communication from conventional web pages.
B) Collaboration across organizational silos is prevented by social media.
C) The acquisition of specialized equipment is required for the use of social media.
D) There is a lack of clear return on the investment in social media.

Question 34

Failure to manage organizational culture costs lives, reputations, careers, and money.

Question 35

According to Everett Rogers, who among the following are viewed negatively by others and are the last to adopt new ideas, even for reasons that they believe to be rational?

A) Early majority
B) Innovators
C) Late majority
D) Laggards

Question 36

Which of the following statements is True of digitization?

A) It lowers the entry barriers to start-ups in many areas.
B) It lowers the competition that established organizations face from unexpected areas.
C) It lowers the number of employees displaced by automation.
D) It lowers the need for cloud computing.

Question 37

Deal-making or new technology is not as glamorous, or as easily understood, as an operational innovation.

Question 38

Change management experience and capability have become "core selection factors" for candidates seeking promoted positions in many organizations.

Question 39

Social media could be central in encouraging more open, communicative, egalitarian, collaborative, and responsive organizational cultures.

Question 40

The probability of an innovation being accepted increases when it is _____.

A) incompatible with existing practices
B) untestable
C) complex
D) observable in demonstration sites