Deck 3: Adverse Reactions

Question 1

An acute,life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by hypotension,bronchospasm,laryngeal edema,and cardiac arrhythmias is what type of hypersensitivity?

A)Type I
B)Type II
C)Type III
D)Type IV

Answer 1

Type I

Question 2

Immune-complex disease reactions are aggregations of antibodies and

A)T lymphocyte cells.
B)B lymphocyte cells.
C)antigens.
D)plasma cells.

Answer 2

antigens.

Question 3

A drug effect that is neither predictable nor dose related is called a

A)therapeutic effect.
B)toxic reaction.
C)side effect.
D)drug allergy.
E)Both B and D are correct.

Answer 3

drug allergy.

Question 4

Type _____ hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE antibodies.

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)IV

Question 5

Which hypersensitivity reaction causes antibody-antigen (immune complex)deposition?

A)Type I
B)Type II
C)Type III
D)Type IV

Question 6

A genetically related abnormal drug response is called a(n)

A)toxic reaction.
B)idiosyncratic reaction.
C)side effect.
D)drug allergy.

Question 7

Which is safe to administer to a pregnant patient?

A)Tetracycline
B)NSAIDs
C)Penicillin
D)Benzodiazepines

Question 8

Which will block the action of histamine during an allergic reaction?

A)Macrolide
B)Epinephrine
C)Anticonvulsants
D)Benzodiazepines

Question 9

Which hypersensitivity reaction is termed delayed-type hypersensitivity and is mediated by sensitized T lymphocytes and macrophages?

A)Type I
B)Type II
C)Type III
D)Type IV

Question 10

Which of the following is the recommended solution for the adverse effect of nausea following administration of a drug?

A)Cease taking the drug.
B)Go outside and get some fresh air.
C)Take the drug with food or milk.
D)Take the drug at bedtime.
E)Seek medical attention.

Question 11

What should the dental hygienist do first if a patient reports a suspected adverse drug effect?

A)Administer epinephrine.
B)Determine what drugs the patient is taking.
C)Have that patient drink a sugary liquid such as apple juice.
D)Call 9-1-1.
E)Drive the patient to the nearest hospital emergency room.

Question 12

A dose-related reaction that produces undesirable effects caused by the action on nontarget organs is called a

A)therapeutic effect.
B)toxic reaction.
C)side effect.
D)drug allergy.

Question 13

Although drug A and drug B have the same ED₅₀,drug B has a wider therapeutic index (TI);therefore,drug A has a greater LD₅₀ than drug B.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true,the second is false.
D)The first statement is false,the second is true.

Question 14

A dose of a drug that kills 50% of experimental animals is termed

A)ED50.
B)minimally effective dose.
C)LD50.
D)therapeutic index.

Question 15

Drug allergy and a side effect are two examples of dose-related responses.

Question 16

In an assessment of drug action for a certain therapeutic agent,results indicate that the ED₅₀ is 3 mg/kg,and the LD₅₀ is 300 mg/kg.What is the therapeutic index for this agent?

A)3
B)300
C)0.01
D)100

Question 17

The following choices refer to adverse reactions involving exaggerated effects on target tissues except

A)overreaction of a sensitive patient.
B)administration of too large a dose.
C)caused by a nontherapeutic action of a drug.
D)possibly resulting from liver or kidney disease.

Question 18

Which is least likely to be a true allergic reaction?

A)Urticaria
B)Rash
C)Anaphylaxis
D)Dyspepsia

Question 19

Approximately 10% of male African Americans develop a severe hemolytic anemia when given the antimalarial drug primaquine.Such a response is categorized as a(n)

A)idiosyncratic reaction.
B)drug side effect.
C)genetically determined abnormal reaction.
D)allergic reaction.
E)Both A and C are correct.

Question 20

The greatest risk to the fetus from exposure to drugs occurs

A)just before birth.
B)during the third trimester.
C)during the second trimester.
D)before pregnancy status is known.

Question 21

Tetracycline,nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),and the benzodiazepines are safe to administer to a pregnant patient.

Question 22

The greater the therapeutic index is,the greater the toxicity will be.