Deck 24: Anesthetic Drugs

Question 1

If a local anesthetic drug that contained epinephrine for vasoconstriction was used to do surgery on the tip of the nose,that might result in ________.

A) excessive local vasoconstriction
B) necrosis
C) skin sloughing
D) all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

The addition of epinephrine to some local anesthetic drugs ________.

A) binds to dopamine receptors in the cell wall
B) prolongs the anesthetic effect of the drug
C) decreases blood pressure and heart rate
D) inhibits the release of prostaglandins to decrease pain

Answer 2

prolongs the anesthetic effect of the drug

Question 3

The most widely used topical,local,regional,and spinal anesthetic drug is ________.

A) procaine (Novocaine)
B) bupivacaine (Marcaine
C) tetracaine (Pontocaine)
D) lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Answer 3

lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Question 4

Narcotic drugs are used ________.

A) preoperatively to relieve pain and provide sedation
B) to induce general anesthesia
C) in combination with other drugs to help maintain general anesthesia
D) all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The South American Indians chewed coca bush leaves for their euphoric effect.
B) Cocaine is derived from coca bush leaves.
C) Cocaine, the first topical anesthetic drug, was introduced in 1880.
D) The first public demonstration of general anesthesia was performed with inhaled nitrous oxide.

Question 6

The combination drug Duocaine contains the generic anesthetic drugs ________.

A) bupivacaine and lidocaine
B) atracurium and succinylcholine
C) meperidine and morphine
D) diazepam and lorazepam

Question 7

For many years,synthetic substitutes for the topical anesthetic drug cocaine were sought.This ultimately led to the discovery of what drug that was the prototype of local anesthetic drugs?

A) chlorpromazine
B) fentanyl
C) procaine (Novacaine)
D) meperidine (Demerol)

Question 8

Which anticholinergic drug is given preoperatively to decrease oral secretions and facilitate endotracheal intubation?

A) halothane
B) pentobarbital
C) atropine
D) morphine

Question 9

Regional anesthesia is also known as ________ anesthesia.

A) spinal
B) nerve block
C) general
D) all of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is true about barbiturate drugs used to produce general anesthesia?

A) They produce unconsciousness as the way to take away pain.
B) They have a strong analgesic effect.
C) They can be used alone to produce general anesthesia if the procedure is less than 15 minutes long.
D) A and C

Question 11

Which of the following drugs is used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocker drugs used during general anesthesia?

A) atracurium (Tracrium)
B) edrophonium (Enlon, Reversol)
C) succinylcholine (Quelicin)
D) vecuronium (Norcuron)

Question 12

Topical anesthetic drugs do NOT come in which of the following drug forms?

A) creams
B) gas
C) gels
D) ointments

Question 13

Used by South American Indians to dip their arrows in,what drug introduced in the 1940s was the first neuromuscular blocker drug to be used during general anesthesia and was especially helpful in performing abdominal surgery?

A) atropine
B) curare
C) desflurane (Suprane)
D) pentobarbital

Question 14

Which of the following is the most widely used topical,local,regional,and spinal anesthetic drug?

A) lidocaine
B) mepivacaine
C) ropivacaine
D) tetracaine

Question 15

Ether is no longer used for all of the following reasons,EXCEPT which one?

A) It caused severe postoperative vomiting.
B) It had an unpleasant odor.
C) It was an inhaled gas.
D) It was highly explosive

Question 16

In 1920,what technique was perfected that allowed greater control of patient ventilation and anesthetic administration during surgical procedures?

A) anesthetic reversal drugs
B) endotracheal intubation
C) inhalation route of administration
D) subcutaneous administration of local anesthesia

Question 17

The local anesthetic drugs bupivacaine and lidocaine are available with or without the vasoconstrictor ________ in the solution.

A) atropine
B) curare
C) epinephrine
D) all of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a definition of anesthesia: Anesthesia is the absence of ________.

A) feeling
B) pain
C) perception
D) sensation

Question 19

Drugs for the induction of anesthesia are ________.

A) given intravenously
B) provide a rapid loss of consciousness
C) are used to relax the abdominal muscles
D) A and B

Question 20

The first three inhaled general anesthetic drugs introduced were ________.

A) ether, nitrous oxide, chloroform
B) atropine, Pentothal, Ethrane
C) Xylocaine, ether, thiopental
D) nitrous oxide, lidocaine, Vistaril

Question 21

Antihistamine drugs are given preoperatively to decrease anxiety,provide sedation,as well as to dry up oral secretions.

Question 22

The advantage of using an antianxiety drug preoperatively to relieve anxiety and produce sedation is that the patient is still able to respond to commands but has little memory of the procedure.

Question 23

Anticholinergic drugs are given preoperatively to block the body's own acetylcholine and relax the abdominal muscles prior to abdominal surgery.

Question 24

Neuromuscular blocker drugs used during general anesthesia are given intramuscularly to block nerve transmissions throughout the body.

Question 25

Which of the following types of drugs are NOT used preoperatively to decrease anxiety and produce sedation?

A) anticholinergic drugs
B) antihistamine drugs
C) barbiturate drugs
D) neuromuscular blocker drugs

Question 26

The use of epinephrine is contraindicated in certain areas of the body because the blood supply there is limited.

Question 27

Regional anesthesia is used during surgery on an extremity to provide anesthesia for that region.

Question 28

Inhaled gases for anesthesia are used to induce or maintain general anesthesia,and they are all schedule drugs.

Question 29

A local anesthetic drug with epinephrine can be used during surgery to repair a laceration on the ________.

A) ear
B) finger
C) forearm
D) tip of the nose

Question 30

The various types of intravenous drugs used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia are Schedule II,III,or IV drugs,and so it is very easy for a patient to become addicted to these.

Question 31

Barbiturate drugs have no analgesic effect of their own at all.

Question 32

Skeletal muscle relaxation is particularly important during abdominal surgery when the muscles of the abdominal wall must relax in order to allow adequate visualization of the operative field that is within the abdominal cavity.

Question 33

What effect do antihistamine drugs have when given preoperatively?

A) They decrease anxiety.
B) They provide sedation.
C) They dry up oral secretions.
D) all of the above

Question 34

Nitrous oxide was first used at social parties and known as laughing gas before it was recognized as an anesthetic drug.

Question 35

Narcotic drugs are given preoperatively to relieve pain and provide sedation.

Question 36

While most of the narcotic drugs given preoperatively to relieve pain and provide sedation are Schedule II drugs,but which is a Schedule IV narcotic drug?

A) meperidine (Demerol)
B) morphine (Duramorph)
C) oxymorphone (Opana)
D) pentazocine (Talwin)

Question 37

Some liquid anesthetic drugs contain methylparaben,which is ________.

A) anesthetic drug with antibiotic and antifungal effects
B) neuromuscular drug with antibiotic and antifungal effects
C) preservative with antibiotic and antifungal effects
D) barbiturate drug with antibiotic and antiviral effects

Question 38

Drugs used for the induction of anesthesia are generally given by inhalation.

Question 39

Local anesthesia is used during minor procedures,such as biopsies or during dental surgery.

Question 40

All of the following are inhaled general anesthetic gases,EXCEPT ________.

A) desflurane (Suprane)
B) fentanyl (Sublimaze)
C) enflurane (Ethrane)
D) nitrous oxide

Question 41

For ________ anesthesia,an anesthetic drug is given by subcutaneous injection near a nerve plexus (group of nerves)and its branches.

Question 42

Briefly explain the mechanism by which an anesthetic drug produces topical,local,regional,epidural,or spinal anesthesia.(Note: The mechanism is the same for all of these types of anesthesia.)

Question 43

The drugs hydroxyzine (Vistaril)and promethazine (Phenergan)are ________ drugs given preoperatively to decrease anxiety.

Question 44

The abbreviation MPF stands for methylparabens ________.

Question 45

Match the type of anesthesia in Column 1 with its route of administration in Column 2.

A)general anesthesia
B)regional nerve block
C)epidural or spinal anesthesia
D)topical application of an anesthetic drug
E)subcutaneous local injection
1)Anesthesia in one body part.
2)Anesthesia with unconsciousness
3)Anesthesia in the skin and deeper tissues
4)Anesthesia in the trunk and lower extremities
"5)Anesthesia on the skin

Question 46

The drugs diazepam,lorazepam (Ativan),and midazalom are ________ drugs given preoperatively to relieve anxiety and provide sedation.

Question 47

Match the anesthesia drug name in Column 1 with the drug category in Column 2.

A)neuromuscular blocker drug
B)barbiturate drug for general anesthesia
C)narcotic drug to induce and maintain general anesthesia
D)anticholinergic drug
E)inhaled general anesthetic drug
6)atropine
7)methohexital (Brevital)
8)propofol (Diprivan)
9)rocuronium (Zemuron)
"10)sevoflurane (Ultane)

Question 48

Describe the controversy surrounding the barbiturate drug thiopental (Pentothal)and why this drug is no longer available.

Question 49

Describe why some anesthetic drugs contain MPF but some do not.

Question 50

The drugs pentobarbital and secobarbital (Seconal)are ________ drugs given preoperatively to produce sedation.

Question 51

The ending ________ is common to anesthetic drugs used to produce local,regional,spinal,or epidural anesthetic drugs.

Question 52

The trade name of the well-known anesthetic generic name drug lidocaine is ________.

Question 53

Why is epinephrine sometimes combined with lidocaine (Xylocaine)when it is used as a local anesthetic drug?

Question 54

For ________ anesthesia,an anesthetic drug is given by injection into the subarachnoid space between the vertebrae of the lumbar region of the back.

Question 55

For ________ anesthesia,an anesthetic drug is given by injection into the epidural space; the drug then moves into the subarachnoid space to provide anesthesia.

Question 56

For ________ anesthesia,an anesthetic drug is given by subcutaneous injection into the skin to anesthetize a small area of skin and adjacent subcutaneous tissue.