Deck 15: Neurologic Drugs

Question 1

Some drugs used to treat neuropathy and neuralgia also elevate the mood,and so they are helpful in treating the ________ that can come with chronic pain.

A) epilepsy
B) Parkinson's disease
C) dementia
D) depression

Answer 1

depression

Question 2

Joey Childress,age eight,has absence seizures (petit mal)and is being treated with an antiseizure drug.He most likely is taking ________.

A) diazepam (Valium)
B) ethosuximide (Zarontin)
C) gabapentin (Neurontin)
D) carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Answer 2

ethosuximide (Zarontin)

Question 3

All of the following statements about drugs for Parkinson's disease are true,EXCEPT ________.

A) The higher doses of Parkinson's drugs often cause side effects.
B) Patients must sometimes take a drug holiday.
C) Dopamine given as a drug cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
D) Succinimide drugs are particularly effective for Parkinson's disease.

Answer 3

Succinimide drugs are particularly effective for Parkinson's disease.

Question 4

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)is the main enzyme that metabolizes the drug ________ in the blood.

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) GABA
D) levodopa

Question 5

How does the drug memantine (Namenda)work to treat Alzheimer's disease.

A) It blocks NMDA receptors that are overstimulated by the amino acid glutamate.
B) It stimulates dopamine receptors.
C) It is an antihistamine drug that has a hypnotic/sedative effect.
D) all of the above

Question 6

COMT inhibitor drugs used for Parkinson's disease inhibit the enzyme COMT.This enzyme normally ________.

A) metabolizes the drug levodopa in the blood
B) decreases the tremors and rigidity of Parkinson's disease
C) inhibits the action of acetylcholine
D) blocks levodopa from crossing the blood-brain barrier

Question 7

The trade name for the generic drug phenytoin that is used to treat seizures is ________.

A) Dilantin
B) Symmetrel
C) Neurontin
D) Aricept

Question 8

Drug therapy for Parkinson's disease corrects an imbalance in what two neurotransmitters in the brain?

A) acetylcholine and cholinesterase
B) acetylcholine and dopamine
C) dopamine and epinephrine
D) epinephrine and acetylcholine

Question 9

Because of how benzodiazepine drugs act on different receptors throughout the body and affect the brain,memory,emotion,and muscles,these drugs are useful in treating which of the following diseases?

A) epilepsy
B) restless legs syndrome
C) insomnia
D) all of the above

Question 10

The nonbarbiturate hypnotic/sedative drug zolpidem has one trade drug that is specially designed as a "get-back-to-sleep" pill for people who wake up in the middle of the night.That trade name is ________.

A) Sonata
B) Intermezzo
C) Cogentin
D) Keppra

Question 11

Honoria Williams has epilepsy characterized by grand mal seizures.Which of the following drugs would be prescribed for her?

A) phenytoin (Dilantin)
B) tacrine (Cognex)
C) ropinirole (Requip)
D) duloxetine (Cymbalta)

Question 12

Which of these is NOT a category of hypnotic drugs used to treat insomnia?

A) Melatonin receptor agonist drugs
B) benzodiazepine antianxiety drugs
C) nonbarbiturate drugs hypnotic/sedative drugs
D) COMT inhibitor drugs

Question 13

The symptoms of Parkinson's disease include which of the following?

A) forgetfulness, difficulty making decisions, personality changes
B) muscle jerking, tongue biting, incontinence
C) nerve pain, numbness, tingling, burning in the extremities
D) muscle rigidity, tremors, slowing of voluntary movements

Question 14

Benzodiazepine drugs are used to treat anxiety but also have a hypnotic effect to treat insomnia because they enhance the action of the neurotransmitter ________.

A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) epinephrine
D) GABA

Question 15

Which drug can be used to treat three types of seizures (tonic-clonic seizures,complex partial seizures)and status epilepticus?

A) carbamazepine (Tegretol)
B) clonazepam (Klonopin)
C) phenytoin (Dilantin
D) zaleplon (Sonata)

Question 16

Combination sleep aid drugs contain an analgesic drug (acetaminophen,ibuprofen)to treat pain that causes insomnia and diphenhydramine,which is a/an ________ drug.

A) analgesic
B) antihistamine
C) antidepressant
D) barbiturate

Question 17

All of the following combination drugs containing carbidopa and levodopa are used to treat Parkinson's disease,EXCEPT ________.

A) Depakene
B) Stalevo
C) Parcopa
D) Sinemet

Question 18

Temazepam (Restoril)and triazolam (Halcion)are both benzodiazepine drugs that are used to treat ________.

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Alzheimer's disease
C) absence seizures
D) insomnia

Question 19

Hydantoin drugs for epilepsy prevent the neurons from sending out impulses too rapidly or repeatedly by ________.

A) acting on different types of receptors throughout the body
B) affecting the flow of sodium in and out of the cell
C) depressing the motor cortex of the brain and raising the seizure threshold
D) inhibiting the conduction of nerve impulses in the cerebral cortex and motor areas of the brain

Question 20

All of the following are trade names for drugs used to treat insomnia,EXCEPT ________.

A) Lunesta
B) Rozerem
C) Keppra
D) Ambien

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a type of epileptic seizure?

A) dementia
B) grand mal
C) psychomotor
D) focal motor

Question 22

Which of the following statements about donepezil (Aricept)is FALSE?

A) It is the most prescribed drug for Alzheimer's disease.
B) It was originally derived from an unusual strain of daffodil bulbs.
C) It is approved by the FDA for treating all stages of Alzheimer's disease.
D) It belongs to the category of cholinesterase inhibitor drugs.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of some type of an epileptic seizure?

A) unconsciousness
B) vacant staring and repetitive blinking
C) difficulties with memory, judgment, and reasoning
D) tongue biting

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT categorized as a neuralgia or neuropathy?

A) multiple sclerosis
B) restless legs syndrome
C) postherpetic neuralgia from shingles
D) phantom limb pain

Question 25

The choice of drug therapy to treat epilepsy depends on ________.

A) the proper classification of the type of seizure
B) the patient's clinical symptoms
C) the patient's EEG pattern
D) all of the above

Question 26

If a patient taking zolpidem (Ambien)experiences working,eating,or driving without being aware or remembering it,it is usually because ________.

A) the patient did not get a full eight hours of sleep before becoming active
B) the drug is strongly addictive
C) the patient is having an absence seizure
D) the patient has developed dementia from taking Ambien

Question 27

Which statement about status epilepticus is FALSE?

A) It is a state of prolonged, continuous seizure activity.
B) It consists of frequently repeated seizures without the patient regaining consciousness.
C) It is an irreversible, progressive disease that leads to dementia.
D) It is a medical emergency because it can cause brain damage.

Question 28

When a drug prescribed for Parkinson's disease causes increasing side effects,the physician ________.

A) initiates a drug holiday
B) prescribes an antidote

Question 29

Which of the following are over-the-counter trade name drugs used to treat insomnia.

A) Unisom and Sominex
B) Compoz and Nytol
C) Sominex and Advil PM
D) all of the above

Question 30

Which of the following statements is TRUE about levodopa?

A) It can be given in very small oral doses to be effective.
B) It is the metabolic precursor of acetylcholine.
C) It cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
D) All of these statements are false.

Question 31

Barbiturate drugs are commonly prescribed as sleeping pills to treat insomnia.

Question 32

Which of the following statements about multiple sclerosis is FALSE?

A) It is caused by a herpes virus infection that reappears in the elderly or at times of stress.
B) It is an autoimmune disease with antibodies against the myelin covering of certain nerves.
C) There is interruption of the nerve conduction between the brain and spinal cord.
D) Symptoms include double vision, large muscle weakness, uncoordinated gait, muscle spasticity, and neuralgia.

Question 33

The drug pregabalin (Lyrica)is used to treat what diseases?

A) neuralgia
B) epilepsy
C) neuropathy
D) all of the above

Question 34

What drug form does the insomnia drug zolpidem come in?

A) an extended-release tablet (Ambien CR)
B) a sublingual tablet (Intermezzo)
C) an oral spray (Zopimist)
D) all of the above

Question 35

Which of the following diseases is characterized by amyloid protein and neurofibrillary tangles?

A) grand mal seizures
B) insomnia
C) Parkinson's disease
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 36

The well-known generic drug donepezil to treat Alzheimer's disease is related to the trade name drug ________.

A) Neurontin
B) Valium
C) Aricept
D) Cymbalta

Question 37

________ is the only drug for Alzheimer's disease that comes in the form of a transdermal patch.

A) Memantine (Namenda)
B) Galantamine (Razadyne)
C) Rivastigmine (Exelon)
D) Donepezil (Aricept)

Question 38

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Phenytoin (Dilantin), which is used to treat epilepsy, is one of the oldest drugs on the market.
B) The benzodiazepine drug triazolam (Halcion) that is used to treat insomnia should not be taken with grapefruit juice.
C) Carbidopa has no therapeutic effect of its own unless it is taken with levodopa.
D) Trazodone (Oleptra) is the most commonly prescribed sleeping pill.

Question 39

Topiramate (Topamax,Trokendi)is used to treat which of the following diseases?

A) seizures and migraine headaches
B) bipolar disorder and bulimia
C) alcohol and cocaine dependence and as an aid to stop smoking
D) all of the above

Question 40

The Parkinson's disease pramipexole (Mirapex)is associated with what adverse drug reaction?

A) compulsive shopping and gambling
B) sexual activity
C) binge eating
D) all of the above

Question 41

The ending -suximide is common to generic succinimide drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Question 42

The ending ________ is common to many generic barbiturate drugs.

Question 43

Dopamine agonist drugs for Parkinson's disease directly stimulate dopamine receptors to produce an effect that is similar to that of dopamine.

Question 44

The advertisement for the trade name drug ________ shows a large,pale moth that only comes out at night flying in a bedroom window and putting a person to sleep.

Question 45

No drug currently on the market is able to reverse the underlying destruction of neurons associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Question 46

When MAO inhibitor drugs for Parkinson's disease inhibit the enzyme MAO,this results in a decreased amount of dopamine.

Question 47

Melatonin,a hormone that regulates the wake-sleep cycle,is available as a prescription drug.

Question 48

Sulfonamide drugs are used to treat bacterial infections,although the sulfonamide drug Zonegran is only used as an anticonvulsant drug to treat epilepsy.

Question 49

________ drugs that are used to induce sleep and treat insomnia get their name from the Greek word hypnos that means sleep.

Question 50

Tonic-clonic seizures are also known as grand mal seizures.

Question 51

The medical word ________ means nerve pain.

Question 52

When a barbiturate drug is used to treat epilepsy,it is said to have a long-acting antihistamine effect and an anticonvulsant effect.

Question 53

One drug advertisement for the trade name drug ________ shows a patient's resting on a prickly cactus,and another ad shows ants crawling on the feet to show the sensations of neuralgia

Question 54

Certain drugs for Alzheimer's disease inhibit the enzyme ________ (which normally breaks down acetylcholine); this raises the amount of acetylcholine.

Question 55

Hydantoin drugs act on the cell membrane of neurons in the motor cortex of the brain.

Question 56

Drugs used to treat epilepsy are known as ________ drugs because epilepsy is characterized by seizures or convulsions.

Question 57

The endings -azepam and -azepate are common to generic benzodiazepine drugs that are used to treat ________.

Question 58

The drug phenytoin (Dilantin)has been used for many years and is effective in treating all types of seizures.

Question 59

The category of ________ drugs for epilepsy act on the cell membranes of neurons in the motor cortex of the brain.

Question 60

Over-the-counter sleep aids contain an antihistamine drug that uses the drug's side effect of drowsiness as the therapeutic effect to induce sleep.

Question 61

Describe how a physician decides what drug therapy to use for a patient with epilepsy.

Question 62

The well-known generic drug phenytoin that has been used for years to treat epilepsy is related to the trade name drug ________.

Question 63

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of ________.

Question 64

Describe the unusual adverse effect associated with the nonbarbiturate hypnotic/sedative drug zolpidem (Ambien)?

Question 65

Melatonin,a hormone secreted by the ________ gland,regulates the 24-hour wake-sleep cycle.

Question 66

Match the name of the drug in Column 1 with its drug category and use in Column 2.

A)cholinesterase inhibitor drug for Alzheimer's disease
B)barbiturate drug for epilepsy
C)nonbarbiturate hypnotic/sedative drug for insomnia
D)hydantoin drug for epilepsy
E)benzodiazepine drug for insomnia
F)MAO inhibitor drug for Parkinson's disease
G)corticosteroid drug for multiple sclerosis
H)drug for neuralgia and neuropathy
I)dopamine agonist drug for Parkinson's disease
J)barbiturate drug for insomnia
1)clonazepam (Klonopin)
2)methylprednisolone (Medrol)
3)phenobarbital (Luminal)
4)secobarbital (Seconal)
5)phenytoin (Dilantin)
6)pramipexole (Mirapex)
7)pregabalin (Lyrica)
8)rasagiline (Azilect)
9)rivastigmine (Exelon)
"10)zolpidem (Ambien)

Question 67

The cholinesterase inhibitor drug galantamine (Razadyne)was originally derived from what flower bulb?

Question 68

Explain what a drug holiday is and what disease it is related to.