Deck 44: Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

Stroke is:

A) A disease that affects the arteries that supply blood to the brain
B) A slow,progressive disorder in which there is degeneration of part of the brain
C) A disease in which the myelin covering the brain and spinal cord is destroyed
D) An injury to the scalp,skull,and brain tissue

Answer 1

A disease that affects the arteries that supply blood to the brain

Question 2

Functions lost as a result of stroke depend on:

A) The cause of the stroke
B) The person's age
C) The area of brain damage
D) The person's attitude

Answer 2

The area of brain damage

Question 3

A resident had a stroke.The person's left side is affected.Which of the following might the person's care plan include?

A) Encourage deep breathing and coughing.
B) Turn and reposition every 4 hours.
C) Discourage any range-of-motion exercises.
D) Perform all ADL for the person.

Answer 3

Encourage deep breathing and coughing.

Question 4

Warning signs of stroke last a few minutes.This is called:

A) An early warning
B) A transient ischemic attack
C) A cerebrovascular accident
D) A brain attack

Question 5

Quadriplegia is paralysis:

A) In the arms
B) In the legs
C) From the waist down
D) In the arms,legs,and trunk

Question 6

Warning signs of stroke include which of the following?

A) Sudden trouble seeing out of one or both eyes
B) Gradually feeling numbness in toes
C) Gradually feeling tired
D) Agitation and joint pain

Question 7

Arthritis is:

A) The surgical replacement of a joint
B) Joint inflammation
C) A disease in which bones become porous and brittle
D) The repair of a fracture

Question 8

A person has a fracture.The bone is broken but the skin is intact.The person has:

A) A closed fracture
B) A compound fracture
C) An open fracture
D) A spiral fracture

Question 9

A person has a fracture.The bone has come through the skin.The person has:

A) A closed fracture
B) A simple fracture
C) A compound fracture
D) A hip fracture

Question 10

Paralysis on one side of the body is:

A) Uniplegia
B) Biplegia
C) Paraplegia
D) Hemiplegia

Question 11

A compound fracture is also called:

A) A closed fracture
B) A simple fracture
C) An open fracture
D) A hip fracture

Question 12

Warning signs of stroke include which of the following?

A) Sudden,severe chest pain and shortness of breath
B) Sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body
C) Mild confusion,trouble speaking,or understanding
D) Gradual onset of a mild headache

Question 13

Another term for quadriplegia is:

A) Paraplegia
B) Tetraplegia
C) Biplegia
D) Uniplegia

Question 14

Paraplegia is paralysis and loss of sensory function:

A) In the arms
B) In the legs
C) From the chest up
D) From the neck down

Question 15

Arthroplasty is:

A) The surgical replacement of a joint
B) Joint inflammation
C) A disease in which bones become porous and brittle
D) The repair of a fracture

Question 16

Effects from stroke often include which of the following?

A) Loss of face,hand,arm,leg,or body control
B) Dysarthria
C) Constipation
D) Tremors and stiff muscles

Question 17

A fracture is:

A) A broken bone
B) A broken joint
C) A broken hip
D) A cast or traction

Question 18

Risk factors for stroke include which of the following?

A) Low blood pressure
B) Arthritis and osteoporosis
C) Bronchitis
D) Smoking

Question 19

Stroke occurs when which of the following happens?

A) Bleeding in the brain or a blood clot
B) Hypertension or diabetes
C) Infection or accidental injury
D) Aging or poor nutrition

Question 20

The removal of all or part of an extremity is:

A) Excision
B) Incision
C) Ectomy
D) Amputation

Question 21

Which of the following is common with Parkinson's disease?

A) Excessive drowsiness
B) Normal gait
C) A fixed stare
D) Flare-ups or relapses

Question 22

A patient is paralyzed from the waist down.The person is at risk for:

A) Pressure ulcers and contractures
B) Aphasia and dysphagia
C) Aspiration and pneumonia
D) MS and Parkinson's disease

Question 23

Symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)usually begin:

A) Between the ages of 20 and 40
B) After age 50
C) After age 65
D) Between the ages of 50 and 65

Question 24

Which statement about osteoarthritis is correct?

A) It is the rarest type of arthritis.
B) Pain is uncommon.
C) Joint stiffness is common.
D) It is cured with arthroplasty.

Question 25

A resident had a stroke.The person cries easily,sometimes for no reason.Which is correct?

A) The person suffers from depression.
B) Changing emotions are common effects of stroke.
C) The person is anxious.
D) The person might benefit from a hospice program.

Question 26

Which statement about osteoarthritis is correct?

A) It rarely occurs with aging.
B) Pain occurs with weight-bearing and joint motion.
C) Being underweight is a common cause.
D) Weight-bearing joints are not commonly affected.

Question 27

Which is a sign or symptom of osteoarthritis?

A) Fractures
B) Joint bruising
C) Joint dislocation
D) Joint swelling or tenderness

Question 28

Care of a person after a stroke often includes which of the following?

A) Complete bedrest
B) A bowel or bladder training program
C) Limited ROM to prevent injury
D) Placing objects on the affected side

Question 29

A resident has MS.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A) Perform all ADL for the person.
B) Measures to promote bowel and bladder elimination.
C) Turning,repositioning,and deep breathing and coughing.
D) Skin care and range-of-motion exercises.

Question 30

A common cause of autonomic dysreflexia is:

A) Being cold
B) Nasal congestion
C) Anxiety
D) Fecal impaction

Question 31

If untreated,autonomic dysreflexia can lead to:

A) Spinal cord infection
B) Stroke and heart attack
C) Paraplegia
D) Constipation and fecal impaction

Question 32

Which statement about multiple sclerosis (MS)is correct?

A) The person rarely has remissions.
B) Symptoms only last for a few days.
C) Blurred or double vision often occurs.
D) Severe disability or death is common early after onset.

Question 33

The person with Parkinson's disease needs protection from:

A) Falls
B) Burns
C) Poisoning
D) Cold,damp weather

Question 34

Which statement about Parkinson's disease is correct?

A) It is progressive with no cure.
B) Persons over the age of 30 are at risk.
C) Signs and symptoms become better over time.
D) Expressive-receptive aphasia is common.

Question 35

Which statement about spinal cord injuries is correct?

A) Permanent damage always occurs.
B) Paraplegia or quadriplegia can result.
C) Rehabilitation is not usually necessary.
D) Thoracic injuries result in greater loss of function than cervical injuries do.

Question 36

Autonomic dysreflexia affects persons:

A) In persistent vegetative states
B) With hemiplegia
C) With spinal cord injuries above the mid-thoracic level
D) With ALS

Question 37

A resident has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Which is correct?

A) ALS attacks the nerve cells that control voluntary muscles.
B) ALS affects more women than men.
C) It usually strikes between 60 and 80 years of age.
D) It usually affects the mind,intelligence,and memory.

Question 38

A patient had a stroke.When does rehabilitation begin?

A) When the person leaves the hospital
B) When the person enters a rehabilitation center
C) A few days after the person returns to the nursing center
D) At once

Question 39

Which of the following are common with Parkinson's disease?

A) Hemiplegia or quadriplegia
B) Skin rashes
C) Slow movement and mask-like expression
D) Improved posture and balance

Question 40

Persons with Parkinson's disease often have speech problems.Which is common?

A) Receptive aphasia
B) Slurred,monotone speech
C) Loud speech
D) Swearing

Question 41

Which statement about osteoporosis is correct?

A) Bones become denser and stronger.
B) Bones are fragile and fracture easily.
C) It is common in younger people.
D) It is caused by high calcium in the diet.

Question 42

A patient has a plaster of paris cast.The cast dries in:

A) 2 to 3 hours
B) 4 to 8 hours
C) 12 to 24 hours
D) 24 to 48 hours

Question 43

A patient has rheumatoid arthritis.Which of the following can relieve pain and inflammation?

A) Sleep
B) Heat or cold applications
C) A cast or traction
D) Immobility

Question 44

A resident has a cast.Which of the following signs and symptoms indicate(s)a problem?

A) Moist skin under the cast when outside
B) Swelling of the fingers below the cast when dangling
C) Odor and drainage from under the cast
D) Joint pain and stiffness

Question 45

Which is a risk factor for osteoporosis?

A) Being overweight with a large frame
B) Family history of the disease
C) Vitamin use
D) Exercise and activity

Question 46

A patient has rheumatoid arthritis.The person has consented to joint replacement surgery.The affected joint will be replaced with a:

A) Nail or pin
B) Metal plate
C) Screw
D) Prosthesis

Question 47

A person with a fracture will have which of the following?

A) Joint pain and stiffness
B) Oozing
C) Missing skin
D) Deformity of the body part

Question 48

You are assisting the nurse with cast care.Which is correct?

A) Cover the cast for the person's warmth.
B) Use your fingers to lift and turn a casted extremity.
C) Turn the person every 4 hours.
D) Elevate the casted part on pillows.

Question 49

Which statement about rheumatoid arthritis is correct?

A) It generally develops between the ages of 40 and 50.
B) Joints on both sides of the body are affected.
C) Wrist and finger joints are not commonly affected.
D) The disease is active all the time.

Question 50

Skeletal traction is applied to the:

A) Skin
B) Bone
C) Muscle
D) Joint

Question 51

Which is a sign or symptom of osteoporosis?

A) Joint stiffness
B) Back pain
C) Sudden loss of height
D) Weight gain

Question 52

A resident has a cast on her right arm.You note that her fingers are pale and that she cannot move them.What should you do?

A) Remove the cast.
B) Tell the nurse at once.
C) Elevate her arm on pillows.
D) Assist with range-of-motion exercises.

Question 53

After reduction,the fractured part is:

A) Exercised as directed by the physical therapist
B) Abducted
C) Immobilized with a cast,traction,or other device
D) Externally rotated

Question 54

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is overweight.Why is weight loss important for the person?

A) It will improve the person's mental well-being.
B) The person is too old to be overweight.
C) Weight loss reduces stress on weight-bearing joints.
D) It will be easier to lift and move the person.

Question 55

The greatest risk from osteoporosis is:

A) Fractures
B) Burns
C) Immobility
D) Pneumonia

Question 56

A patient has a fractured wrist.The doctor has scheduled open reduction.This means that:

A) Traction is used to bring the bone ends into alignment
B) A cast is used to bring the bone ends into alignment
C) The doctor will move the bone ends back into alignment
D) The doctor will move the bones back into alignment during surgery

Question 57

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is most likely to have joint stiffness:

A) With rest and lack of motion
B) With exercise
C) With weight-bearing
D) With joint motion

Question 58

Traction is used to immobilize a fracture.This is done by:

A) Applying a steady pull in two directions
B) Inserting wires and pins
C) Inserting a prosthesis
D) Applying a stockinette

Question 59

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is most likely to have joint pain:

A) With rest and lack of motion
B) With weight-bearing and joint motion
C) Following a heat application
D) Following a cold application

Question 60

You are assisting the nurse with cast care.Which is correct?

A) Support the entire cast with the bed rail.
B) Wash and dry the cast when soiling occurs.
C) Allow the person to insert an unsharpened pencil into the cast when the skin itches.
D) Position the person as directed.

Question 61

Tissues die and become black,cold,and shriveled.This is:

A) Cancer
B) Gangrene
C) Arthritis
D) Metastasis

Question 62

A patient is in traction.Which is correct?

A) Keep the weights on the floor.
B) Remove weights for complaints of pain or numbness.
C) Provide a regular bedpan for elimination.
D) Make the bed from the head of the bed to the foot of the bed.

Question 63

A patient is in traction.How should you position the person?

A) Prone
B) Semi-Fowler's
C) Orthopneic
D) As directed

Question 64

A resident's left leg was amputated.The person complains of pain in the left leg.This is:

A) Chronic pain
B) Radiating pain
C) Sympathy pain
D) Phantom pain

Question 65

Fractures in infants may signal child abuse.

Question 66

A hip fracture requires:

A) External fixation
B) Internal fixation
C) A cast
D) Traction

Question 67

A patient has a fractured right hip.How is the leg positioned?

A) Abducted at all times
B) Abducted when in bed
C) Adducted at all times
D) Adducted when in bed

Question 68

A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip.He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip.He is at risk for which of the following post-operative complications?

A) Respiratory complications,UTI,and thrombi in his leg veins
B) MS,CAD,and RA
C) Hemothorax,depression,and schizophrenia
D) Aspiration,paralysis,and metastasis

Question 69

A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip.He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip.He is at risk for which of the following post-operative complications?

A) Depression,skin tears,and burns
B) Pressure ulcers,constipation,and confusion
C) Incontinence,hair loss,and stomatitis
D) Diarrhea,bleeding,and infection

Question 70

A resident has a fractured right hip.You must use devices to prevent:

A) Abduction
B) External rotation of the hip
C) Pneumonia
D) Aspiration