Deck 46: Antimicrobial Agents

Question 1

An older adult who has septicemia is receiving IV aminoglycoside therapy.Which symptom is most important for the nurse to monitor?

A)Bone marrow suppression
B)Ototoxicity
C)Gastrointestinal (GI) distress
D)Photosensitivity

Answer 1

Ototoxicity

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient being treated with an antimicrobial agent for the diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection.Which statement made by the patient shows a need for further education?

A)"I will use a barrier method when having sexual intercourse during therapy."
B)"I will increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL/day."
C)"I will increase protein in my diet."
D)"I will rest frequently."

Answer 2

"I will use a barrier method when having sexual intercourse during therapy."

Question 3

The health care provider has prescribed penicillin and probenecid for a patient with a sexually transmitted disease.What is the purpose of combining these medications?

A)To accelerate the excretion of the penicillin
B)To inhibit the absorption of penicillin to allow the drug to remain in the transport phase
C)To inhibit the excretion of the penicillin
D)To reduce toxic effects associated with penicillin

Answer 3

To inhibit the excretion of the penicillin

Question 4

A patient allergic to penicillin is being evaluated for a gram-negative infection.Which antimicrobial drug class would the health care provider be cautious in prescribing because of a possible cross sensitivity and/or allergic reaction?

A)Cephalosporins
B)Aminoglycosides
C)Sulfonamides
D)Quinolones

Question 5

A patient has been receiving home health care and IV antimicrobial therapy for osteomyelitis (infection of the bone) of the lower right leg for the past 4 weeks.What will the nurse assess to evaluate the effectiveness of the antimicrobial agent? (Select all that apply.)

A)Pain of the right leg
B)Patient temperature
C)Presence of edema, redness, or swelling in the right lower leg
D)Culture and sensitivity parameters at the drug completion
E)Complete blood count (CBC) and sedimentation rate laboratory values

Question 6

A patient indicates during the nursing assessment that he is currently taking zidovudine (Retrovir).For which condition is the patient being treated?

A)Influenza A
B)HIV infection
C)TB
D)Herpes simplex

Question 7

Which drug is the cornerstone of treatment for prophylaxis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB)?

A)Amphotericin B (Abelcet)
B)Streptomycin (Streptomycin)
C)Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
D)Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Question 8

An older adult with a history of asthma, rhinitis, and no known drug allergies has been admitted to receive IV antimicrobial therapy for bronchitis.The patient has received the oral form of the antimicrobial agent in the past.Which factors increase the risk for an allergic reaction? (Select all that apply.)

A)Medical history of asthma
B)The patient's age
C)IV antimicrobial therapy
D)Medical history of rhinitis
E)Subsequent use of the same antimicrobial therapy

Question 9

A patient is scheduled to take tetracycline and aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) at the same time.When will the nurse administer the medications to achieve the optimal effects?

A)Both medications together
B)Amphojel 30 minutes before tetracycline
C)Tetracycline with orange juice
D)Tetracycline 1 hour before Amphojel

Question 10

Which patient can safely be treated with a fluoroquinolone medication?

A)A 40 year old on steroid therapy
B)A 15 year old with a sore throat
C)A 70 year old with a gait abnormality
D)A 30 year old with a fractured tibia

Question 11

On what is the selection of an antimicrobial agent based?

A)Sensitivity of the microorganism to the drug
B)Half life of the medication
C)Therapeutic levels of the drug
D)Bioavailability of the drug

Question 12

The nurse is planning to administer ertapenem IV to a patient in the intensive care unit.When preparing this medication, the nurse will consider reconstituting it with: (Select all that apply.)

A)water.
B)bacteriostatic water.
C)0.9% sodium chloride.
D)0.45% dextrose.
E)1% lidocaine.

Question 13

Which drug is incompatible with heparin?

A)Gentamicin
B)Ampicillin (Unasyn)
C)Ticarcillin (Timentin)
D)Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Question 14

A patient is admitted with glomerulonephritis.IV gentamicin therapy is started after cultures indicate gram negative bacilli in the blood.The patient also receives IV furosemide (Lasix).The nurse will monitor for signs and symptoms of toxicity related to which organ?

A)Kidneys
B)Pancreas
C)Liver
D)Brain

Question 15

Which conditions may occur with the administration of broad spectrum antibiotics over an extended period of time?

A)Cross sensitivity
B)Immunosuppression
C)Secondary infection
D)Immunity

Question 16

Which drugs may reach toxic blood levels if administered with macrolide antibiotics? (Select all that apply.)

A)Benzodiazepines
B)Digoxin
C)NSAIDs
D)HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
E)Diuretics
F)Theophylline

Question 17

The nurse will monitor patients on cephalosporins and loop diuretics for which adverse effect?

A)Hepatic toxicity
B)Ototoxicity
C)Nephrotoxicity
D)Splenotoxicity

Question 18

What adverse effect may manifest as dizziness, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss?

A)Ear infection
B)Drug allergy
C)Ototoxicity
D)Idiosyncratic reaction