Deck 1: An Overview of Immunology

Question 1

Cytokines:

A) are produced by lymphocytes.
B) act on various elements of the immune system.
C) are molecular structures.
D) all of the above.

Answer 1

all of the above.

Question 2

Mechanisms of innate immunity:

A) are activated immediately after infection.
B) quickly begin to control multiplication.
C) are organized around T and B lymphocytes.
D) both a and b

Answer 2

both a and b

Question 3

Characteristics of clonal selection include:

A) antigen binding to a unique antigen receptor site.
B) activation of antigen-bound lymphocytes.
C) proliferation of antigen-bound lymphocytes.
D) all of the above.

Answer 3

all of the above.

Question 4

The first line of defense against infection is:

A) unbroken skin or mucous membranes.
B) phagocytosis.
C) antibody production.
D) antigen recognition.

Question 5

Another name for Toll-like receptors is:

A) genome.
B) pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
C) pattern-recognition receptors.
D) complement.

Question 6

T lymphocytes respond to:

A) antigens presented on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell.
B) antigens on microorganisms or other living cells.
C) native antigenic determinants of appropriate fit.
D) antigens floating in body fluids.

Question 7

Immunology is defined as the study of molecules,cells,organs,and systems.

Question 8

A specific function of the immune system is to:

A) recognize self from nonself.
B) defend the body against nonself.
C) amplify specific functions.
D) both a and b

Question 9

Acquired immunity can result from:

A) vaccination.
B) contracting a disease.
C) genetic inheritance.
D) both a and b

Question 10

Preschool children who are vaccinated against specific microorganisms would be expected to develop ________________ immunity against those microorganisms.

A) natural active
B) artificial active
C) natural passive
D) artificial passive

Question 11

If microorganisms penetrate the first line of defense,a second line of _______________ forms defense mechanisms that become operational.

A) cellular components
B) humoral components
C) secretions
D) both a and b

Question 12

A child who contracts a contagious disease from an older sibling could develop __________________ immunity against the disease.

A) natural active
B) artificial active
C) natural passive
D) artificial passive

Question 13

An early form of immunization was practiced by the:

A) Romans.
B) Greeks.
C) Chinese.
D) Native Americans.

Question 14

An undesirable consequence of immunity is:

A) natural resistance.
B) acquired resistance to infectious diseases.
C) an autoimmune disorder.
D) recovery from infectious disease.

Question 15

The innate immune system is:

A) the most ancient form of host defense.
B) divided into two components,each with a different function.
C) mediated by germline-encoded receptors.
D) both a and c

Question 16

B lymphocytes respond to:

A) antigens presented on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell.
B) antigens on microorganisms or other living cells.
C) native antigenic determinants of appropriate fit.
D) antigens floating in body fluids.

Question 17

Cell-mediated immunity is moderated by:

A) B lymphocytes.
B) T lymphocytes.
C) monocytes-macrophages.
D) both b and c

Question 18

Artificial passive immunity is achieved by:

A) vaccination.
B) contracting a disease.
C) infusion or injection of preformed specific antibody.
D) transfer in vivo.

Question 19

The "father" of immunology is generally considered to be:

A) Koch.
B) Pasteur.
C) Gram.
D) Salk.

Question 20

A specific component of the adaptive immune system formed in response to antigenic stimulation is:

A) complement.
B) immunoglobulin.
C) increased secretion of mucus.
D) enhanced phagocytosis.

Question 21

Immunology is defined as the system responsible for the recognition and disposal of foreign (nonself)material.

Question 22

The immune system has distinctive characteristics,such as immobility.

Question 23

The immune system has distinctive characteristics,such as noncooperation among different cells or cellular products.

Question 24

The immune system has distinctive characteristics,such as memory.

Question 25

Immunology is defined as the desirable and undesirable consequences of immune interactions.

Question 26

Immunology is defined as the relationship among cells during embryonic development.

Question 27

The immune system has distinctive characteristics,such as specificity.