Deck 5: Soluble Mediators of the Immune System

Question 1

The mannose-binding lectin pathway is initiated by:

A) platelet factor B.
B) bacterial exotoxins.
C) binding of MASP1 and MASP2 and another complex to arrays on the surface of a bacterial cell.
D) antigen-antibody complexes.

Answer 1

binding of MASP1 and MASP2 and another complex to arrays on the surface of a bacterial cell.

Question 2

MATCHING
Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. )

C2

A)Acute-phase protein
B)Most common complement deficiency
C)Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
D)Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon

Answer 2

Most common complement deficiency

Question 3

In adaptive immunity,cytokines mediate early inflammatory reactions to microbial organisms and stimulate adaptive immune responses.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

In innate immunity,cytokines stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes and activate specialized effector cells.

Question 5

The classic complement pathway is activated by:

A) platelet factor 2.
B) C3B.
C) factor B.
D) factor D.

Question 6

The complement cascade reaches its full amplitude at the _________ stage.

A) C1
B) C3
C) C4
D) factor H.

Question 7

Interferons:

A) are the principal mediator of the acute inflammatory response to gram-negative bacteria.
B) mediate interactions between leukocytes.
C) mediate the early immune response to viral infections.
D) stimulate cell differentiation.

Question 8

Increased complement levels can be observed in:

A) inflammatory conditions.
B) excessive activation.
C) genetic defects.
D) both b and c

Question 9

Cytokines are also referred to as interleukins.

Question 10

The physiologic or cellular consequences of complement activation can include:

A) production of inflammatory mediators.
B) cytolysis or hemolysis.
C) opsonization.
D) all of the above.

Question 11

The complement component found in all the pathways is:

A) C1.
B) C3.
C) C4.
D) factor H.

Question 12

Which of the following characteristics is representative of C-reactive protein (CRP)?

A) The first acute-phase reactant to become elevated
B) Nonspecific indicator of inflammation
C) Acute-phase reactant
D) All of the above

Question 13

The alternate complement pathway is activated by:

A) bacterial exotoxins.
B) viruses.
C) antigen-antibody complexes.
D) haptens.

Question 14

The measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP)can be used for all the following except:

A) monitoring healing after acute myocardial infarction.
B) monitoring drug therapy with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents.
C) predicting risk of myocardial infarction.
D) diagnosis of viral septicemia.

Question 15

The alternate complement pathway is initiated:

A) by formation of antigen-antibody reactions.
B) as a nonantibody-initiated pathway.
C) without C1,C4,and C2.
D) both b and c

Question 16

The membrane attack complex (MAC)is characterized by all the following except:

A) MAC components are the same in the final common pathway of complement activation.
B) C5-8 complex polymerizes C9 to form a tubule known as MAC.
C) MAC allows for the influx of Na+ and H2O,which produces lysis.
D) The complement cascade reaches full amplitude at this stage.

Question 17

Increased susceptibility to pyogenic infections can be caused by:

A) deficiency of the opsonic activities of complement.
B) any deficiency that compromises the lytic activity of complement.
C) deficient function of the mannose-binding lectin pathway.
D) all of the above.

Question 18

Cytokines are nonspecific in their chemical structure.

Question 19

Complement is characterized by all the following except:

A) collection of proteins synthesized in the liver.
B) heat-labile series of 18 plasma proteins.
C) normally present in the circulation in an inactive form.
D) normally present in the circulation as an active enzyme.

Question 20

Functions of the complement system include:

A) host defense against infection,such as chemotaxis.
B) clearance of apoptotic cells.
C) clearance of immune complexes from the tissues.
D) all of the above.

Question 21

MATCHING
Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. )

C4

A)Acute-phase protein
B)Most common complement deficiency
C)Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
D)Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon

Question 22

MATCHING
Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. )

C3

A)Acute-phase protein
B)Most common complement deficiency
C)Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
D)Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon

Question 23

MATCHING
Match the complement component with the appropriate description.(Use each answer only once. )

C7

A)Acute-phase protein
B)Most common complement deficiency
C)Useful with results of anti-DNA in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
D)Associated with Raynaud's phenomenon