Deck 15: The Immune Response in Infectious Diseases

Question 1

Parasites can avoid being phagocytized because of:

A) their ability to migrate away from an inflamed area.
B) their size.
C) the presence of a body (cell)wall.
D) a coating of exterior IgM antibody.

Answer 1

their ability to migrate away from an inflamed area.

Question 2

Members of human herpesviruses include:

A) cytomegalovirus (CMV).
B) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
C) varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
D) all of the above.

Answer 2

all of the above.

Question 3

Antibodies associated with body defenses against parasites include _______-type antibodies.

A) IgM
B) IgG
C) IgE
D) both b and c

Answer 3

both b and c

Question 4

Antibody and cell-mediated responses to an infectious agent become activated in a few ___________ in immunocompetent individuals.

A) minutes
B) hours
C) days
D) weeks

Question 5

Fungal infections can be opportunistic infections in patients who:

A) have AIDS.
B) are immunosuppressed with medications.
C) are transplant patients receiving antirejection medicines.
D) all of the above.

Question 6

The most frequent manifestation of herpes simplex virus (HSV)is:

A) a cold sore
B) genital warts
C) hives
D) pimples

Question 7

High levels of circulating ________ may cause hypersensitivity reactions in helminth and cestode infections.

A) IgM
B) IgG
C) IgD
D) IgE

Question 8

Survival mechanisms of fungi that successfully invade the body include:

A) the presence of an antiphagocytic capsule.
B) resistance to digestion within macrophages.
C) destruction of phagocytes (e.g. ,neutrophils).
D) all of the above.

Question 9

A key immunologic substance against bacteria is:

A) complement.
B) interferon.
C) lysozyme.
D) interleukin.

Question 10

Fungal infections are increasing worldwide because of:

A) an aging population.
B) use of immunosuppressive drugs.
C) development of diseases that produce an immunocompromised state.
D) both b and c

Question 11

A zoonosis is any infectious disease that can be:

A) transmitted (by a vector)from humans to wild and domestic animals.
B) transmitted (by a vector)from other animals,both wild and domestic,to humans.
C) transmitted from birds to humans.
D) transmitted from humans to gorillas.

Question 12

All the following are fungal diseases except:

A) histoplasmosis.
B) aspergillosis.
C) toxoplasmosis.
D) coccidioidomycosis.

Question 13

The incidence of antibody to herpes simplex virus (HSV)is __________ in adults of higher socioeconomic class compared with those in lower socioeconomic classes.

A) higher
B) equal
C) lower

Question 14

The burden of adaptive immunity in preventing the spread of viruses rests on:

A) macrophages.
B) B lymphocytes.
C) T lymphocytes.
D) segmented polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).

Question 15

The TORCH immunoglobulin M (IgM)and IgG assay includes detection of all the following except:

A) cytomegalovirus (CMV).
B) Epstein-Barr virus.
C) rubella.
D) infectious mononucleosis.

Question 16

Immune responses to parasitic infection include:

A) immunoglobulin production.
B) antibody-dependent,cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
C) cell defenses,such as eosinophils and T lymphocytes.
D) all of the above.

Question 17

A microorganism can survive phagocytosis if it possesses a:

A) cell membrane.
B) capsule.
C) slime layer.
D) flagellum.

Question 18

Major immunologic defense mechanisms against bacteria include:

A) lysozyme.
B) phagocytosis.
C) interferon production.
D) both a and b

Question 19

For an infectious disease actually to develop in a host,a microorganism must:

A) penetrate the skin or mucous membrane barrier (first line of defense).
B) survive natural body defense mechanisms.
C) survive adaptive body defense mechanisms.
D) all of the above.

Question 20

Factors that can influence exposure to,or actual development of,an infectious disease include all the following factors except the:

A) immune status of an individual.
B) pathogenicity of the microbial agent.
C) season of the year.
D) appropriate portal of entry.

Question 21

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)is the cause of two different types of clinical diseases resulting from the same viral infection.

Primary infection with the virus results in the clinical manifestations of __________.

A)Shingles
B)Chickenpox

Question 22

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)is the cause of two different types of clinical diseases resulting from the same viral infection.

Reactivation of the virus results in the characteristic clinical manifestation of __________.

A)Shingles
B)Chickenpox

Question 23

Match the infectious diseases with the appropriate description.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A)The most common congenital virus infection
B)A spectrum of congenital defects
C)Hydrocephalus,intracranial calcification,and retinochoroiditis-the most common manifestations of tissue damage
D)Sequelae of virus infection (include three distinct neurologic syndromes)

Question 24

MATCHING
Match the microorganism with the appropriate procedural method (use an answer only once).

Aspergillosis

A)Latex particle agglutination
B)ImmunoCAP system
C)Fungus media nucleic acid probe

Question 25

Match the infectious diseases with the appropriate description.

TORCH syndrome

A)The most common congenital virus infection
B)A spectrum of congenital defects
C)Hydrocephalus,intracranial calcification,and retinochoroiditis-the most common manifestations of tissue damage
D)Sequelae of virus infection (include three distinct neurologic syndromes)

Question 26

Match the infectious diseases with the appropriate description.

Toxoplasmosis

A)The most common congenital virus infection
B)A spectrum of congenital defects
C)Hydrocephalus,intracranial calcification,and retinochoroiditis-the most common manifestations of tissue damage
D)Sequelae of virus infection (include three distinct neurologic syndromes)

Question 27

MATCHING
Match the microorganism with the appropriate procedural method (use an answer only once).

Histoplasmosis

A)Latex particle agglutination
B)ImmunoCAP system
C)Fungus media nucleic acid probe

Question 28

Match the infectious diseases with the appropriate description.

Rubella

A)The most common congenital virus infection
B)A spectrum of congenital defects
C)Hydrocephalus,intracranial calcification,and retinochoroiditis-the most common manifestations of tissue damage
D)Sequelae of virus infection (include three distinct neurologic syndromes)

Question 29

MATCHING
Match the microorganism with the appropriate procedural method (use an answer only once).

Sporotrichosis

A)Latex particle agglutination
B)ImmunoCAP system
C)Fungus media nucleic acid probe