Question 1

A patient with a known exposure to hepatitis B 3 weeks earlier has negative results for all markers when a hepatitis profile is performed,except for IgM anti-HBc.What is a possible reason for this result?

A) The wrong patient specimen was tested.
B) A false-negative result was caused by a technical error.
C) HBsAg was still too low in concentration to detect.
D) Anti-HBs titer had already peaked and was no longer detectable.

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)usually becomes detectable 2 weeks to 2 months before clinical symptoms and as soon as 2 weeks after infection.This marker is usually present for 2 to 3 months.This procedure screens for the presence of the major coat protein of the virus (HBsAg)in serum and is considered to be the most reliable method of choice for preventing the transmission of HBV by blood.The presence of HBsAg indicates active HBV infection,acute or chronic.

Question 2

The hepatitis B serologic marker that yields a positive test result and is used as a benchmark for immunity after vaccination is:&#10;A) anti-HBc IgM.&#10;B) anti-HBc IgG.&#10;C) anti-HBe.&#10;D) anti-HBs.

Accepted Answer

A vaccine-type response includes test results negative for anti-HBc and positive for anti-HBs.

Question 3

Match the infection with the correct description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis B virus infection&#10;A)Long-incubation hepatitis&#10;B)Infectious hepatitis or short-incubation hepatitis&#10;

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B virus infection is known as long-incubation hepatitis as it can take anywhere from 45-180 days for symptoms to appear after exposure.

Question 4

Fill in the blanks in the table.&#10;Characteristics of Viral Hepatitis&#10;   &#10;1.Type A epidemiology&#10;A)Parenteral &#10;B)Fecal-oral&#10;C)Body fluids&#10;2.Type A incubation period&#10;A)15-45 days&#10;B)15-150 days&#10;C)30-50 days&#10;D)40-180 days&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fill in the blanks in the table.&#10;Characteristics...

Question 5

Which of the following hepatitis viruses can result in chronic infection and the potential development of liver cancer?&#10;A) Hepatitis A&#10;B) Hepatitis B&#10;C) Hepatitis C&#10;D) Both b and c

Accepted Answer

In about 5% to 10% of individuals with hepatitis B virus (HBV),especially patients with immunodeficiencies (e.g. ,AIDS),the disease will progress to a chronic state.An estimated 3.5 million people in the United States have chronic hepatitis C.Each year,8,000 to 10,000 chronically infected patients die of liver-related complications,and 1,000 undergo liver transplantation.Chronic hepatitis C appears to be a slowly progressive,often silent disease.In addition,hepatitis C virus (HCV)may be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma predominantly,if not exclusively,in the setting of cirrhosis.

Question 6

MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct description (primary or secondary).&#10;&#10;Hepatitis B&#10;A)Primary hepatitis virus&#10;B)Secondary hepatitis virus&#10;

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B is a primary hepatitis virus.

Question 7

The serologic markers in expected order of appearance in the serum of a patient with hepatitis B infection are:&#10;A) HBsAg,HBeAg,HBcAb,HBeAb,and HBsAb.&#10;B) HBeAg,HBcAg,HBsAg,HBsAb,and HBcAb.&#10;C) HBcAg,HBeAg,HBcAb,HBsAb,and HBsAg.&#10;D) HBcAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBsAg,and HBcAb.

Accepted Answer

During the course of most HBV infections,HBsAg forms immune complexes with the antibodies produced as part of the recovery process.During this phase,an indicator of a recent hepatitis B infection is anti-HBc,the antibody to the core antigen.The time between the disappearance of detectable HBsAg and the appearance of detectable antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs)is called the anticore window,or hidden antigen phase of HBV infection.The first antibody to appear during an acute HBV infection is antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc).Anti-HBc becomes measurable shortly after HBsAg is detected and reaches peak levels within several weeks of onset of infection.

Question 8

Which hepatitis viruses have been scientifically identified as being spread by the transfusion of unscreened blood transfusion products?&#10;A) Hepatitis A and hepatitis B&#10;B) Hepatitis A and hepatitis D&#10;C) Hepatitis B and hepatitis C&#10;D) Hepatitis A and hepatitis G

Accepted Answer

The incidence of transfusion-acquired hepatitis B virus (HBV)has been severely reduced because high-risk donor groups (e.g. ,paid donors,prison inmates,military recruits)have been eliminated as major sources of donated blood and because specific serologic screening procedures have been instituted.
After the introduction of serologic testing for the screening of blood donors,the rate of posttransfusion hepatitis C decreased from 33% to approximately 15%.Before laboratory screening,the transfusion of infected blood or blood components (e.g. ,factor VIII or IX)constituted a clear route of HCV transmission.The incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis C declined in the 1980s because of efforts to replace the pool of high-risk,paid donors.

Question 9

Match the infection with the correct description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis A virus infection&#10;A)Long-incubation hepatitis&#10;B)Infectious hepatitis or short-incubation hepatitis&#10;

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A virus infection is also known as infectious hepatitis or short-incubation hepatitis, as it has a short incubation period compared to other types of hepatitis.

Question 10

Hepatitis B vaccination should be administered in three doses over a span of _________.&#10;A) 6 weeks&#10;B) 2 months&#10;C) 7 months&#10;D) 1 year

Accepted Answer

HBV vaccine is administered in three doses over 7 months.

Question 11

Which hepatitis B serologic marker is the classic first indication of a hepatitis B infection?&#10;A) Anti-HBc&#10;B) Anti-HBe&#10;C) HBsAg&#10;D) HBcAg

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which hepatitis B serologic marker is the...

Question 12

HBV vaccine is administered three times over a period of ________months.&#10;A) 2&#10;B) 4&#10;C) 7&#10;D) 12

Accepted Answer

The answer of HBV vaccine is administered three times over...

Question 13

Fill in the blanks in the table.Use the following answers only once.&#10;A)Rare form of hepatitis associated with hepatic failure.&#10;B)Average length of time is 75 days (range,40-180 days)in HBV infection.&#10;C)Probably accounts for persons with demonstrable antibodies in their serum but no reported history of hepatitis.&#10;D)Accompanied by hepatic inflammation and necrosis that lasts for at least 6 months.&#10;Forms of Hepatitis&#10;  &#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fill in the blanks in the table.Use...

Question 14

MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct description (primary or secondary).&#10;&#10;Hepatitis C&#10;A)Primary hepatitis virus&#10;B)Secondary hepatitis virus&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct...

Question 15

Primary hepatitis viruses account for approximately ______% of cases of hepatitis.&#10;A) 10&#10;B) 25&#10;C) 50&#10;D) 95

Accepted Answer

The answer of Primary hepatitis viruses account for approximately ______%...

Question 16

A chronic carrier state (persistent infection)and chronic hepatitis (chronic liver disease)_______ occur as long-term sequelae of hepatitis A.&#10;A) do&#10;B) do not

Accepted Answer

The answer of A chronic carrier state (persistent infection)and chronic...

Question 17

MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct description (primary or secondary).&#10;&#10;Epstein-Barr virus&#10;A)Primary hepatitis virus&#10;B)Secondary hepatitis virus&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct...

Question 18

The most frequently identified hepatitis B low-level carriers have _________ in their serum.&#10;A) anti-HBe&#10;B) anti-HBs&#10;C) anti-HBc IgM&#10;D) anti-HBc

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most frequently identified hepatitis B low-level...

Question 19

Who should receive the hepatitis A vaccine?&#10;A) Homosexual men who are sexually active&#10;B) All children under 1 year of age (12-23 months)&#10;C) Individuals traveling to areas endemic for hepatitis A&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who should receive the hepatitis A vaccine?&#10;A)...

Question 20

MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct description (primary or secondary).&#10;&#10;Hepatitis A&#10;A)Primary hepatitis virus&#10;B)Secondary hepatitis virus&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;Match the hepatitis virus with the correct...

Question 21

Match the virus with the appropriate description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis B virus&#10;A)Complex DNA virus&#10;B)Small,RNA-containing picornavirus&#10;C)Small,enveloped,single-stranded RNA virus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the virus with the appropriate description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis...

Question 22

Match the virus with the appropriate description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis C virus&#10;A)Complex DNA virus&#10;B)Small,RNA-containing picornavirus&#10;C)Small,enveloped,single-stranded RNA virus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the virus with the appropriate description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis...

Question 23

Match the virus with the appropriate description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis A virus&#10;A)Complex DNA virus&#10;B)Small,RNA-containing picornavirus&#10;C)Small,enveloped,single-stranded RNA virus&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the virus with the appropriate description.&#10;&#10;Hepatitis...

Deck 23: Viral Hepatitis