Deck 9: Schools and Delinquency

Question 1

Recent survey results indicate that drug use among adolescents is on the decline from peak levels in the 1990s.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Anabolic steroids are physically addictive.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Heroin is derived from the Hakonechloa plant (meaning heavenly angel)and has decreased in popularity over the last 10 years due to the increase in  synthetic drugs.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

According to the National Youth Survey,there is little if any association between drug use and social class.

Question 5

According to the text,heroin is the most commonly used narcotic in the United States.

Question 6

Research shows that biological children of alcoholics raised by nonalcoholic adoptive parents more often develop alcohol problems than the natural children of adoptive parents.

Question 7

​Rational choice theorists have produced research that indicates that adolescent alcohol abusers believe getting high will increase their sexual performance and facilitate their social behavior.

Question 8

Some experts believe that drug dependency is a genetic condition.

Question 9

Surveys conducted in high schools may be excluding some of the most drug-prone young people in the population.

Question 10

Personality testing of users suggests that a significant percentage suffer from psychotic disorders.

Question 11

According to the problem behavior syndrome model,substance abuse may be one of a constellation of social problems experienced by at-risk youth.

Question 12

The most widely abused anesthetic drug is phencyclidine,known as "speedballs," and it was originally developed as an animal tranquilizer.

Question 13

One negative side effect of the anti-drug campaign is that little attention over the last decade has been given to cigarette usage with teens,which has had a crippling effect nationally,as teenage smoking has increased by just over 23 percent since 2007.

Question 14

Source control strategies cut off supplies of drugs by destroying overseas crops and arresting members of drug cartels.

Question 15

Despite their popularity,barbiturate use seldom results in overdose.

Question 16

About two-thirds of substance-abusing youths stop using drugs before they reach adulthood.

Question 17

Self-report surveys indicate marijuana is the substance of choice among teenagers,just ahead of alcohol and barbiturates.

Question 18

The association between delinquency and drug use has been established and takes a number of forms.

Question 19

Research indicates that drinking with an adult present is a significant precursor of substance abuse and delinquency.

Question 20

According to the Elliott research,both drug use and delinquency seem to reflect developmental problems.

Question 21

Today,Afghanistan is the world leader in opium production.

Question 22

The long-term consequence of targeting large-scale drug rings has been to decentralize drug dealing and to encourage teenage gangs to become major suppliers.

Question 23

The practice of mixing___________________with cocaine is known as speedballing.

A)steroids
B)marijuana
C)inhalants
D)heroin

Question 24

Almost two-thirds of admissions into treatment programs involve stimulant abuse.

Question 25

Which of the following is the most powerful natural stimulant?

A)PCP
B)LSD
C)Cocaine
D)Amphetamine

Question 26

Natural substances that produce vivid distortions of the senses without greatly disturbing consciousness are known as:

A)anesthetics
B)inhalants
C)sedatives
D)hallucinogens

Question 27

The most widely abused anesthetic drug is phencyclidine,also known as:

A)crack
B)MDMA
C)LSD
D)PCP

Question 28

The War on Drugs has been a major source of the racial discrimination that occurs in the juvenile justice system.

Question 29

__________________ are the most commonly used drugs of the barbiturate family,and they depress the central nervous system into a sleeplike condition.

A)Hallucinogens
B)Inhalants
C)Sedatives
D)Tranquilizers

Question 30

Volatile liquids that give off a vapor and produce short-term excitement and euphoria followed by a period of disorientation are known as:

A)anesthetics
B)inhalants
C)sedatives
D)tranquilizers

Question 31

All South American nations have agreed to coordinate drug trafficking efforts with the United States.

Question 32

Derived from opium,__________________ is the most commonly used narcotic among adults in the United States.

A)tobacco
B)alcohol
C)marijuana
D)heroin

Question 33

Spice and K-2 are synthetic types of _____________ drug.

A)stimulants
B)marijuana
C)heroin
D)crack

Question 34

Crack is manufactured by using _________________________ to remove hydrochlorides to create a crystaline form of cocaine that can be smoked.

A)sodium bicarbonate
B)sodium phosphate
C)thiamine mononitrate
D)calcium phosphate

Question 35

_________________ are central nervous system depressants,and they produce loss of sensation,stupor,and unconsciousness.

A)Stimulants
B)Anesthetic drugs
C)Inhalants
D)Cocaine

Question 36

What percent of high school seniors reported using alcohol in the past year?

A)40 percent
B)50 percent
C)60 percent
D)75 percent

Question 37

The main active ingredient in marijuana is:

A)erythorbic acid
B)tetrahydrocannabinol
C)sodium benzoate
D)phosphoric acid

Question 38

____________ is/are probably the most dangerous commonly abused drug.

A)Cocaine
B)Marijuana
C)Inhalants
D)Heroin

Question 39

Global rates of interception of heroin and cocaine indicate that nearly 80 percent of all imports are being seized by law enforcement.

Question 40

Methedrine is the most widely used and most dangerous:

A)amphetamine
B)sedative
C)tranquilizers
D)inhalants

Question 41

Which of the following is false with concern to drug use and delinquency?

A)Crime may be an instrument of the drug trade.
B)Drug users may commit crimes to pay for their habits.
C)Drug users may be more willing to take risks,because their inhibitions are lowered by substance abuse.
D)A relationship between alcohol and drug abuse and delinquency has been not substantiated by research.

Question 42

The latest National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)results show that what percent of youths ages 12 to 17 engaged in binge drinking?

A)6 percent
B)11 percent
C)19 percent
D)33 percent

Question 43

For some adolescents,substance abuse is one of many problem behaviors that begin early in life and remain throughout the life course. This is known as:

A)addiction-prone personality
B)problem behavior syndrome
C)neurosis
D)rational choice

Question 44

A(n)_____________________ is a substance that leads to the use of more serious drugs.

A)illicit entry
B)precipitating factor
C)gateway drug
D)precursor drug

Question 45

Although the gateway concept is still being debated,there is little disagreement that serious drug users begin their involvement with:

A)alcohol
B)marijuana
C)heroin
D)cocaine

Question 46

The view that the cause of substance abuse can be traced to a personality that has a compulsion for mood-altering drugs is known as:

A)addiction-prone personality
B)problem behavior syndrome
C)neurosis
D)obsessive compulsive

Question 47

Which is not a consequence of long-term steroid use?

A)Mental problems
B)Risk of contracting HIV
C)Sexual dysfunction
D)Euphoria

Question 48

Annually,it is estimated that the economic cost of methamphetamine use in the United States exceeds:

A)$500 million
B)$23 billion
C)$42 billion
D)$1 trillion

Question 49

Which statement is false with regard to those who persist in both substance abuse and crime?

A)They come from poor families.
B)They do well in school.
C)They use multiple types of drugs and commit crimes frequently.
D)Their family members include other criminals.

Question 50

Which of the following is not a main form of methamphetamines?

A)Powder
B)Tablets
C)Ice
D)Liquid

Question 51

What family factor is not associated with teen drug abuse?

A)Large family size
B)High parental attachment
C)Parental conflict
D)Harsh punishment

Question 52

According to the text,how do family factors impact drug use?

A)The majority of drug users had a normal and functional childhood.
B)It is most common to find substance abusers in smaller families.
C)Drug abuse patterns may result from observation of parental drug use.
D)None of the above.

Question 53

According to the  Monitoring the Future survey,annual use of OxyContin,a prescription painkiller narcotic,  ______________  among 12th graders from 2010.

A)increased moderately
B)decreased marginally
C)remained unchanged
D)Increased significantly

Question 54

According to the text,which of the following may be the most significant influence on long-term substance abuse?

A)Parents
B)Peer networks
C)Sibling relationships
D)Accessibility

Question 55

Results from the most recent PRIDE survey (for the 2013-14 school year)indicate:

A)substantial increases in drug activity over the last 10 years
B)slight increase in drug activity over the last 10 years
C)moderate reductions in drug activity over the previous school year
D)no change in drug activity over the previous school year

Question 56

__________________ are lab-created synthetic drugs that are designed to at least temporarily get around existing drug laws.

A)Designer drugs
B)Steroids
C)Inhalants
D)Tranquilizers

Question 57

According to the text,the association between drug use,race,and poverty has been linked to the:

A)high level of mistrust and defiance of law enforcement found in lower socioeconomic areas
B)low level of surveillance from law enforcement
C)increase in single-parent households
D)decrease in the length of the school year

Question 58

According to the text,the most widely used designer drug is Ecstasy,which is derived from:

A)speed and methamphetamine
B)heroin and cocaine
C)marijuana and cocaine
D)LSD and PCP

Question 59

Levitt and Venkatesh's research on the financial activities of a drug-selling street gang indicates that:

A)money appears to be the most significant motivating factor in drug dealing
B)drug-selling gang members never use drugs themselves
C)at least for drug dealers,factors other than income may explain participation in this activity
D)none of the above

Question 60

Which of the following was noted as a problem of school-based adolescent drug surveys?

A)The overrepresentation of hard drug users in the survey
B)The exclusion of the most drug-prone users
C)The underrepresentation of rural schools
D)The inclusion of high-risk substance abusers

Question 61

__________________ is the most used narcotic in the United States;it is produced from opium.

Question 62

Which of the following statements about harm reduction approaches is false?

A)Advocates refer to harm reduction as a valuable interim measure in dealing with drug use.
B)Harm reduction encapsulates some of the efforts advanced under the community and treatment strategies.
C)Its critics warn that it condones or promotes drug use.
D)Harm reduction strategies have only been successful when implemented in residential facilities.

Question 63

A great effort has been made to cut off supplies of drugs by destroying overseas crops and arresting members of drug cartels.This approach is known as:

A)border control
B)street-level enforcement
C)tertiary prevention
D)source control

Question 64

As Drew's counselor,you address family and psychological issues by focusing on problem-solving and communication skills. What type of treatment are you providing?

A)Psychodynamic
B)Multisystemic
C)Cognitive behavioral
D)Group

Question 65

The most recent report from the National Institute of Justice's Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring found that:

A)among juvenile detainees,almost 60 percent of the males tested positive for marijuana
B)among juvenile detainees,almost 60 percent of the females tested positive for marijuana
C)among juvenile detainees,almost 30 percent of the males tested positive for crack
D)among juvenile detainees,almost 30 percent of the females tested positive for crack

Question 66

Given the facts,how might one categorize Kelly ?

A)Burnout
B)Persistent offender
C)Loser
D)Chronic truant

Question 67

If Drew started using substances at an early age,what more than likely was the gateway drug for Drew?

A)Alcohol
B)Cocaine
C)Marijuana
D)Heroin

Question 68

In the past 40 years,what is the estimated total cost of the War on Drugs?

A)$900 million
B)$500 billion
C)$750 billion
D)$1 trillion

Question 69

What is not a potential factor as to why Drew is on drugs?

A)Problem behavior syndrome
B)Peer pressure
C)Family factors
D)Genetic factors

Question 70

If a user were to inject a mixture of both cocaine and heroin,what is it called?

A)Speedballing
B)Crackling
C)Mainlining
D)Rushing

Question 71

According to the Elliott research,which is not an important association between substance abuse and delinquency?

A)Alcohol abuse seems to be a cause of marijuana and other drug abuse.
B)Marijuana use is a cause of multiple drug use.
C)Youths who use prescription pain medications engage in more serious delinquent acts.
D)Youths who commit felonies started off with minor delinquent acts.

Question 72

What factor does not seem to play a role in why Kelly turned to drugs?

A)Social disorganization
B)Problem behavior
C)Family
D)Genetics

Question 73

________________________ therapy involves getting users to associate drugs with unpleasant sensations,such as nausea.

A)Multisystemic treatment
B)Electric shock
C)Milieu therapy
D)Aversion

Question 74

Given his symptoms,what substances might he be on?

A)Cocaine and meth
B)Ecstasy and steroids
C)Alcohol and marijuana
D)Alcohol and heroin

Question 75

___________________ is associated with distortions in auditory and visual perception,decreased activity,overestimation of time and place,and increased food consumption.

Question 76

The _______________________ technique developed by Scott Henggeler directs attention to family,peer,and psychological problems by focusing on problem-solving and communication skills.

A)multisystemic treatment
B)electric shock
C)milieu therapy
D)behavior modification

Question 77

According to the text,about ______ percent of youths who use more serious drugs started on marijuana.

A)60
B)75
C)80
D)95

Question 78

___________________ is a concentrated form of cannabis made from unadulterated resin from the female plant.

Question 79

According to research by Elliott,which of the following is not an association between substance abuse and delinquency?

A)Alcohol abuse seems to be a cause of marijuana and other drug abuse.
B)Youths who commit felonies started off with minor delinquent acts.
C)Marijuana use is a cause of multiple drug use.
D)All are important associations.

Question 80

___________________ is the most powerful natural stimulant;its use produces euphoria,restlessness,and excitement,while overdoses can cause delirium,violent manic behavior,and respiratory failure.