Deck 11: Asia Pacific Region

Question 1

The Japanese have an affinity for united effort.

Answer 1

True
Explanation: Perhaps more than any other society, the Japanese have an affinity for united effort. They seem inspired by common striving toward a common goal. Lack of one can present a problem.

Question 2

Owing to the deeply corrupt system, most of the U.S. manufacturers in India are leaving for other countries or pulling their money back home.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: Widespread corruption and a deeply ingrained system of bribery in India make every transaction complicated and expensive. Nevertheless, a survey of U.S. manufacturers shows that 95 percent of respondents with Indian operations plan on expanding, and none say they are leaving. They are hooked on the country's cheap, qualified labor and the potential of a massive market.

Question 3

In view of China's size, diversity, and political organization, it is not possible to have one-growth strategy for China.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: Owing to China's size, diversity, and political organization, it can be more conveniently thought of as a group of regions rather than a single country. There is no one-growth strategy for China.

Question 4

The Hong Kong dollar is freely convertible.

Question 5

In recent years, the United States has emerged as Japan's single largest trading partner, surpassing the Southeast Asian countries.

Question 6

One of Japan's advantages over other countries is its language; the syntax of the Japanese language is similar to that of certain programming languages.

Question 7

In the year 2009, Germany became the world's biggest exporter ahead of China.

Question 8

The sector that was hit the hardest during the Japanese recession was the real estate sector.

Question 9

APEC is a body formed by the major governments of the Asian countries with the primary purpose of protecting their local industries against the market domination by their western counterparts.

Question 10

The PNTR status given to China contributed much toward increasing the import barriers on American products and services.

Question 11

According to analysts, Japan's long entrenched Liberal Democratic political party was one of the reasons for the Japanese crisis.

Question 12

China is now the biggest market for personal computers.

Question 13

According to
C. K. Prahalad and his associates introduced a new concept into the discussion of developing countries and markets-bottom-of-the-pyramid markets (BOPMs)-consisting of the 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than $1,200.
C. K. Prahalad, the global market consisting of the 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than $1,200 is termed subsistence market.

Question 14

China's "one country, two systems" agreement with Hong Kong guarantees the latter a high degree of autonomy.

Question 15

The United States has granted NTR (normal trade relations) status to Vietnam.

Question 16

The Four Asian Tigers are: China, Thailand, India, and North Korea.

Question 17

The term "The Greater China" refers to the information technology (IT) corridor in north China.

Question 18

The Hong Kong SAR government stresses the predominant role of the public sector over the private sector.

Question 19

A major issue that China has to address in its path to economic growth is improving human rights.

Question 20

The Asian financial crisis led to the creation of the ASEAN+3.

Question 21

Tianjin is China's largest industrial city.

Question 22

Which of the following was primarily instrumental in decreasing the historical tension between People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC)?

A) ROC acquiring U.N membership.
B) Rise of communism.
C) Increase in direct trade.
D) American military involvement in peacekeeping.
E) ASEAN mandates overruling former hostilities between member nations.

Question 23

Northeast China was the industrial and technological center of the country in the 1970s and 1980s.

Question 24

Which of the following is a cultural hurdle in the path of China becoming a vast market in the long run?

A) Caste system
B) Xenophobia
C) Excessive focus on human rights
D) Excessive bureaucracy
E) Excessive spending

Question 25

At present low value-added manufacturing in textiles and heavy equipment manufacturing industries account for the vast majority of Shanghai's industrial employment.

Question 26

Which of the following are the two most important steps China has to take to ensure that the road to economic growth is smooth?

A) Decreasing export barriers and promoting indigenous technology.
B) Strengthening the hold of its communist party and promoting innovative thinking.
C) Investing in more developing countries and changing its education system.
D) Acquiring membership in more regional trade blocs and increasing embargoes.
E) Improving human rights and reforming the legal system.

Question 27

Liaoning and Jilin provinces of China share borders with North Korea, and both provinces host substantial numbers of Korean minorities.

Question 28

IBM entered into a venture with the Chinese Railways Ministry that allowed IBM to set up a national network of IBM service centers in railway stations that has enabled IBM to ship computer parts via the railroad around the country within 24 hours. This venture was dubbed the _____.

A) Blue Connect
B) China Express
C) China Blue
D) Blue Express
E) China Connect

Question 29

The region of Shenzhen was designated as China's first Special Economic Zone.

Question 30

China's longest border is with Russia.

Question 31

Which of the following is the term used to refer to both the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) or Taiwan?

A) Integrated China
B) The Yellow Route
C) Neo China
D) Mainland China
E) The Greater China

Question 32

Aside from the United States and Japan, _____ is the most important single national market.

A) United Arab Emirates
B) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
C) People's Republic of China
D) Dominican Republic
E) French Southern Territories

Question 33

The United States is now Japan's most important trading partner, even ahead China.

Question 34

Most analysts predict that China would see an 8 to 10 percent average GNP growth in the next 10 to 15 years. All of this growth is primarily dependent on China's:

A) ability to deregulate industry.
B) ability to prevent the privatization of its state owned enterprises.
C) preparedness to resist the capitalist wave.
D) ability to put embargoes on foreign investment.
E) ability to uphold its traditional legal system.

Question 35

Which of the following is one of the important reasons behind the fact that there is no one-growth strategy for China?

A) Inclusion of Hong Kong as a special administrative region of China.
B) Each region in China being at a different stage economically.
C) Inability to prevent the privatization of its state owned enterprises.
D) Each region within China being completely isolated from other regions.
E) Complete absence of autonomy in the various regions of China.

Question 36

Two major events that occurred in 2000 had a profound effect on China's economy. One of these is the United States's granting normal trade relations (NTR) to China on a permanent basis (PNTR). Which of the following is the other one?

A) Inclusion in the board of the World Bank.
B) Admission to the World Trade Organization.
C) Signing of the new ASEAN pact.
D) The handover of Hong Kong by the British to China.
E) Inclusion of Hong Kong as a special administrative region (SAR) of China.

Question 37

The Chinese central government spends almost 50 percent of its budget for the rural poor who amount to almost three-fourths of the Chinese population.

Question 38

Which of the following is the biggest threat to the fast pace of growth China is experiencing?

A) Increased opening of the market to foreign investments.
B) Trade isolation by other ASEAN countries.
C) Losing the permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status conferred by the United States.
D) Reformation of the traditional legal system.
E) Economic volatility that accompanies fast growth.

Question 39

As they were closest to foreign influences, negotiators in Taiwan are considered to be the most liberal.

Question 40

Negotiators from the Beijing area are known for their unusual bureaucratic sloth and imperialist perspective.

Question 41

Which of the following is one of the primary reasons behind the persistence of economic stagnation in Japan in the 1990s?

A) The caste system
B) Inept political apparatus
C) Aggressive internal competition
D) Theocratic rule
E) Lack of natural resources

Question 42

Political explanations of Japan's crisis during the 1990s identified two villains. One of them was the powerful Japanese bureaucracy. Which of the following is the other one?

A) Japan's trade policies with the United States.
B) Japan's refusal to join Asian trade blocs.
C) The powerful influence of the royalty in political issues.
D) The long entrenched Liberal Democratic political party.
E) The splintering of most of Japan's right-wing political parties.

Question 43

Which of the following most accurately represent the "three direct links" leading to the establishment of One China?

A) Transportation, trade, and communications.
B) Culture, language, and religion.
C) History, language, and transportation.
D) Federal bodies, education, and trade.
E) Technology, natural resources, and people.

Question 44

Which of the following is true regarding Hong Kong, post its turnover to the People's Republic of China?

A) After becoming a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong has lost its autonomy.
B) The Hong Kong government negotiates bilateral agreements and makes major economic decisions on its own.
C) The central government in Beijing has no jurisdiction over matters related to foreign affairs and defense of Hong Kong.
D) The Hong Kong dollar has ceased to be freely convertible after its turnover to the People's Republic of China.
E) The Hong Kong SAR government openly opposes economic policies that stresses the predominant role of the private sector.

Question 45

C. K. Prahalad and associates introduced the concept of a global market, not necessarily defined by national borders but rather by the pockets of poverty across countries, and consisting of 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than $1,200. They refer to these consumers, concentrated in the LDCs and LLDCs, as _____ markets.

A) subsistence
B) third-world
C) underdeveloped
D) bottom-of-the-pyramid
E) peripheral

Question 46

C. K. Prahalad and his associates introduced a new concept into the discussion of developing countries and markets-bottom-of-the-pyramid markets (BOPMs)-consisting of the 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than _____.

A) $400
B) $1,200
C) $ 2500
D) $ 3700
E) $ 4200

Question 47

C. K. Prahalad has cited two primary misconceptions behind the international marketers ignoring the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets. One of the reasons is that the products and services developed for more affluent consumers are not appropriate for these markets. Which of the following is the other misconception?

A) Unwillingness of consumers in the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets to buy international products.
B) The lack of uniformity in bottom-of-the-pyramid markets.
C) The heavy taxation system in bottom-of-the-pyramid markets allows little profit.
D) Consumers in the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets lack both money and technology.
E) Consumers in the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets are characterized by conservative traditions and culture.

Question 48

What is common among the Asian countries Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan?

A) They were among the first countries in Asia to move from a status of developing countries to newly industrialized countries.
B) They have a middle class numbering some 250 million, about the population of the United States.
C) The exports in these countries are growing at a rate of 50 percent annually.
D) They have faced a serious disadvantage in the information age due to their complex languages.
E) They all have the custom of "baksheesh", a deeply ingrained system of bribery.

Question 49

In the 1970s, Frank Gibney had called Japan "The Fragile Superpower", which was confirmed with the crisis of the 1990s. In his new appraisal, Gibney writes that Japan has become the victim of:

A) social loafing.
B) compensating errors.
C) being penny-wise and pound-foolish.
D) herd behavior.
E) one-party sickness.

Question 50

What is the tenet that China follows to ensure that Hong Kong's exuberant capitalism is retained despite the communist leanings of mainland China?

A) Absolute plutocracy
B) Sovereignty of the provinces
C) Theocracy
D) Noninterventionist approach
E) One country, two systems

Question 51

Grameen Bank is a private commercial enterprise in _____.

A) Bangladesh
B) China
C) Japan
D) Sri Lanka
E) South Korea

Question 52

According to C. K. Prahalad, which of the following represents the misconception that leads international markets to ignore the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets?

A) Products usually developed for more affluent consumers will not be appropriate for BOPMs.
B) Most BOPMs are geographically isolated and thus difficult to access.
C) Protective policies make BOPMs difficult to penetrate.
D) Exchange-rate fluctuations make BOPMs very volatile.
E) Language and cultural barriers make BOPMs unattractive and sometimes hostile.

Question 53

Immediately after World War II, a shattered Japanese nation arrived at a consensus goal for national recovery. That consensual goal provided the incentive for its spectacular progress, decade after decade. Then during the late 1980s, the Japanese people stepped back and looked around at their manifest achievement. It was easy to conclude they had reached their coveted goal. So the question for them became, "all right, what's next?" This theory tries to explain the Japanese crisis of the 1990s. Which of the following theory are we talking about?

A) The Cultural Causation theory.
B) The Power Shift theory.
C) The Third Way theory.
D) The Hybridity theory.
E) The Cultural Capital theory.

Question 54

Which of the following is one of the nations referred to as the Four Asian Tigers?

A) India
B) Thailand
C) South Korea
D) Malaysia
E) Sri Lanka

Question 55

Which of the following is at present the center of trade links with north China and the Asian republics of the former Soviet Union?

A) Japan
B) South Korea
C) Malaysia
D) Singapore
E) India

Question 56

Which of the following is the best way to stimulate economic development and growth from within developing countries?

A) Imposing embargoes.
B) Encouraging governmental regulations.
C) Restricting immigration.
D) Increasing tariffs on exports.
E) Encouraging entrepreneurial activities that are networked.

Question 57

The most rapidly growing economies in the Asia Pacific region during the 1980s and 1990s, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan are often referred to as the _____.

A) Four Lions
B) Four Elephants
C) Four Dragons
D) Four Horses
E) Four Swans

Question 58

Which of the following Asian countries was the first to move from a status of developing country to a newly industrialized country?

A) Japan
B) Thailand
C) South Korea
D) Malaysia
E) Sri Lanka

Question 59

Which of the following was the greatest hindrance to the development of software innovations appropriate for world markets in Japan?

A) The deeply-rooted bureaucratic structure.
B) The rise in global oil prices.
C) The complex Japanese language.
D) The growing fiscal deficit.
E) The burgeoning population.

Question 60

A survey of U.S. manufacturers shows that 95 percent of respondents with Indian operations plan on expanding, and none say they are leaving. Which of the following is primarily behind this new trend?

A) Government machinery is one of the most efficient in the world.
B) Living standards for expatriates are comparable to the world's best.
C) Qualified labor is cheap, and the market potential is massive.
D) Proximity to China makes sourcing of parts easier.
E) There is a lack of competitiveness among local firms.

Question 61

One result of the Asian financial crisis of 1997 to 1998 was the creation of _____.

A) SADC
B) NAFTA
C) ASEAN+3
D) CEFTA
E) COMESA

Question 62

Which of the following provinces of China shares the closest economic ties with South Korea?

A) Liaoning
B) Jilin
C) Heilongjiang
D) Guangdong
E) Hainan

Question 63

The three contiguous provinces in Northeast China _____, Jilin, and Heilongjiang have long represented a cohesive unit in terms of culture and the political economy and are referred to as "dongbei", meaning Northeast, or "dong sansheng", meaning Northeastern Three Provinces.

A) Gansu
B) Shanxi
C) Henan
D) Liaoning
E) Sichuan

Question 64

_____ is now Japan's most important trading partner.

A) Malaysia
B) The United States
C) Bangladesh
D) Bahrain
E) China

Question 65

Which of the following is most likely to cause the biggest problems for television and radio advertisers in China?

A) Low levels of television and radio penetration.
B) The rigid theocratic rule.
C) Lack of common language.
D) The rigid adherence to traditional values.
E) Lack of investment.

Question 66

Which of the following is one of the major events that account for the vigorous economic growth of the ASEAN countries and their transformation from cheap-labor havens to industrialized nations?

A) The decision to shift their economies from manufacturing based to commodity based.
B) North Koreas' emergence as a major provider of technology and capital necessary to upgrade manufacturing capability.
C) A bilateral trade agreement between the United States and Vietnam leading to the granting of NTR status to Vietnam.
D) Hong Kong becoming a special administrative region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China.
E) The ASEAN governments' commitment to deregulation, liberalization, and privatization of their economies.

Question 67

The first meeting of the members of the ASEAN+3 was devoted to devising a system whereby the member countries could:

A) defend their currencies against future attack.
B) improve the multilateral trade.
C) keep inflation under check.
D) acquire nuclear technology.
E) improve agricultural production.

Question 68

_____ contains Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen and it is considered as the world's manufacturing base for the IT industry.

A) Northeast China
B) The Yellow River Delta
C) The Yangtze River Delta
D) The Pearl River Delta
E) Southwest China

Question 69

The most important advantage of Northeast China that mainly contributed toward its being the industrial and technological center of the country in the 1970s and 1980s is:

A) its juxtaposition with China's most important industrial neighbors.
B) the lack of economic diversity in this area.
C) the existence of oil fields these areas.
D) that it contains Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen.
E) that it has the authority to impose embargoes upon its trading partners.

Question 70

Which of the following is true of the standard of living of the eight most populous countries of the Asia/Pacific region?

A) The Japanese rail system is the most underdeveloped in the world.
B) In the Philippines, most people travel by train.
C) As a result of communism, China and Vietnam place low emphasis on health.
D) The Japanese healthcare system produces the longest lifespans in the world.
E) Consumption patterns indicate that the Chinese place much lower emphasis on education, compared to Indians.

Question 71

ASEAN+3 is a forum for ASEAN ministers plus ministers from China, Japan, and _____.

A) United States
B) South Korea
C) Russia
D) Australia
E) New Zealand

Question 72

The national language of China is standard _____ but more than 56 dialects and other languages are spoken across the country.

A) Wu
B) Min
C) Hakka
D) Xiang
E) Mandarin

Question 73

Which of the following regions is considered as the information technology (IT) corridor in north China?

A) Beijing-Tianjin
B) Heilongjiang
C) Liaoning
D) The Jilin River Delta
E) Fujian

Question 74

Liaoning province of Northeast China has the closest economic ties with _____.

A) Japan
B) South Korea
C) Russia
D) United Kingdom
E) North Korea

Question 75

The primary multinational trade group in Asia is _____.

A) NAFTA
B) COMESA
C) CEFTA
D) SADC
E) ASEAN

Question 76

Which of the following is true of the APEC?

A) Russia is not a member of this grouping.
B) It is opposed to open trade.
C) Its members meet once in six months.
D) It promotes economic cooperation.
E) It aims to increase barriers to investment.

Question 77

Which of the following provinces of China shares the closest economic ties with Russia?

A) Liaoning
B) Jilin
C) Heilongjiang
D) Guangdong
E) Hainan

Question 78

_____ at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula in China is the focus of bi-national relationships and has one of the world's largest and most modern port facilities.

A) Dalian
B) Jilin
C) Heilongjiang
D) Guangdong
E) Hainan

Question 79

Which of the following is one of the primary targets of ASEAN Vision 2020?

A) To implement fully and as rapidly as possible the ASEAN Free Trade Area.
B) To form the ASEAN+3 to deal with trade and monetary issues facing Asia.
C) To shift Asian economies from manufacturing based to commodity based.
D) To aid Japan's emergence as the major provider of technology and capital necessary to develop new industries.
E) To prevent the further privatization of state owned industries.

Question 80

Which of the following organizations provides a formal structure for the major governments of the Asian-Pacific Rim, including the United States and Canada, to discuss their mutual interests in open trade and economic collaboration?

A) NAFTA
B) ASEAN
C) ASEAN+3
D) SADC
E) APEC