Deck 3: Design of Products and Services

Question 1

Quality function deployment is an engineering analysis whose purpose is to simplify products and processes.

Answer 1

False
Explanation: One approach to getting the voice of the customer into the design specification of a product is quality function deployment (QFD).

Question 2

One goal of having a core competency is to do something better than anyone else.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: The goal is to have a core competency that yields a long-term competitive advantage to the company.

Question 3

Specialized design firms tend to have highly developed processes that support the needs of particular industries.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: Companies that specialize in the design of products have highly developed processes to support the activities needed for an industry.

Question 4

Designing a new product for aesthetics and for the user is generally termed industrial design.

Question 5

The generic development process outlined in the textbook is followed by many, if not most, of the firms in the Fortune 500.

Question 6

A contract manufacturer is an organization capable of manufacturing and/or purchasing all of the components needed to produce a finished product or device.

Question 7

The main purpose of concurrent engineering is to improve product quality.

Question 8

In a concurrent engineering approach to product design and development, an integration team ensures that various parts of the product are compatible with the needs of the target customer.

Question 9

Concept development is one of the typical phases of product development.

Question 10

A key decision point in the generic development process during "Phase 4: Testing and Refinement" is concept approval.

Question 11

A key tool of a quality function deployment team is the house of quality matrix.

Question 12

One of the methodologies that can aid in designing a new product for customers is a house of quality matrix.

Question 13

Early prototypes of a new product, using the same geometry and material processes as the production versions, are usually constructed during the concept development phase of the product development process.

Question 14

A key decision point in the generic development process during "Phase 1: Concept Development" is project approval.

Question 15

A competency is not core if it is easy for competitors to imitate.

Question 16

Target customers are specified during "Phase 0: Planning" of the generic product development process.

Question 17

Quality function deployment involves listening to customers to determine the characteristics of a superior product.

Question 18

Core competencies are those things that everyone in the firm must be able to do well.

Question 19

DFMA stands for design for manufacturing and assembly.

Question 20

Value analysis/value engineering has as its objective to increase product quality and reduce costs.

Question 21

The ecodesign approach focuses exclusively on the design and commercial launch phases of the product's life cycle.

Question 22

What dimension of competitiveness does time-to-market performance in product design and process selection affect?

A)Engineering hours per project
B)The cost of ongoing service
C)Responsiveness to customer needs
D)Aesthetics of design
E)None of these

Question 23

Design for manufacturing and assembly delivers product improvements by emphasizing which of the following?

A)Reducing product quality during the assembly process
B)Simplification of the product by reducing the number of separate parts
C)Reducing equipment in the production process
D)Designing products so they can be manufactured by a virtual factory
E)Designing products that customers will want

Question 24

Which of the following is not a typical phases of product development?

A)Concept development
B)Value engineering
C)System-level design
D)Testing and refinement
E)Production/ramp-up

Question 25

Because ecodesigned products are innovative and have better environmental performance, they can be of a slightly lesser quality than the market standard.

Question 26

Which of the following is a time-to-market performance measure used in judging product development performance?

A)Frequency of new-product introductions
B)Product reliability
C)Customer loyalty
D)Yield
E)Value analysis

Question 27

The conclusion of the product development process is when the product is withdrawn from the market.

Question 28

Similarity of projects allows for a streamlined and highly structured development process in which variant of the generic product development process?

A)Technology-push products
B)Customized products
C)Complex systems
D)Quick-build products
E)Process-intensive products

Question 29

In the generic product development process, collecting customer needs is accomplished during phase 0 (planning).

Question 30

Which of the following is primarily used to help design products that will connect product attributes with customer desires?

A)Phase 0: Planning
B)House of quality matrix
C)Value analysis/value engineering
D)Concurrent engineering
E)System-level design

Question 31

Ecodesign replaces one or more of the other requirements considered in the design process.

Question 32

Incorporation of environmental considerations in the design and development of products or services is called ecodesign.

Question 33

Which of the following is a characteristic of concurrent engineering?

A)Integrated computer-assisted design
B)Using automated guided vehicles
C)Separate development teams working at once
D)Having an excellent forecasting system
E)The design-build-test cycle

Question 34

In the generic product development process, phase 2 (system-level design) begins with corporate strategy and incorporates market objectives.

Question 35

Most purchasers of electronic products cannot fully operate them and use only a small number of the available features.

Question 36

The "house of quality" matrix is a technique that relates customer requirements to concrete operating or engineering goals.

Question 37

A reason that firms must develop more new products than ever is which of the following?

A)Product life cycles are shorter
B)Commitments to joint venture partners
C)They are replacing old customers with new ones
D)To amortize heavy investments in development labs
E)The increased difficulty of defending patents and trade names

Question 38

What dimension of competitiveness does quality in product design affect?

A)Engineering hours per project
B)The cost of ongoing service
C)Responsiveness to customer needs
D)Aesthetics of design
E)None of these

Question 39

One of the major benefits of DFMA is that products are designed that customers will want.

Question 40

Concept development assumes a proven technology in which variant of the generic product development process?

A)Technology-push products
B)Quick-build products
C)Complex systems
D)Platform products
E)Process-intensive products

Question 41

Economic analysis of product development projects is useful in which of the following circumstances?

A)Factory location
B)Distribution decisions
C)Go/no-go milestones
D)Demand estimation
E)Pricing

Question 42

The aim of quality function deployment (QFD) is:

A)To facilitate house of quality analysis
B)To provide value analysis/value engineering input
C)To integrate design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA)
D)To facilitate better cooperation between business functions
E)To get the voice of the customer into the design of a product

Question 43

Describe what rapid prototyping is and where it is particularly useful in the development process.

Question 44

Quality function deployment (QFD):

A)Is a manufacturing function aimed at lowering cost by reducing the portion of rejected units.
B)Fills the house of quality matrix with the designer's aspirations for the product.
C)Starts with studying and listening to customers.
D)Is a place where the quality assurance function is housed.
E)Is another term for value engineering.

Question 45

What is the name for a matrix that helps a product design team translate customer requirements into operating and engineering goals? _______________________________________

Question 46

Describe what concurrent engineering teams are and what problems they address.

Question 47

The most basic categories of cash flow for a typical new product do not include:

A)Depreciation
B)Ramp-up cost
C)Development cost
D)Sales revenue
E)Marketing cost

Question 48

System integration and validation are an important step in which variant of the generic product development process?

A)Technology-push products
B)Customized products
C)Complex systems
D)Quick-build products
E)Process-intensive products

Question 49

The purpose of value analysis/value engineering (VA/VE) is to:

A)Simplify products and processes
B)Improve the value that customers find in existing products
C)Relate the customer's needs to technical specifications
D)Meet budgets and improve the results of financial models
E)Facilitate better cooperation between business functions

Question 50

Sensitivity analysis of the base-case financial model is a useful tool for which of the following reasons?

A)To determine how long the development process can profitably last
B)To understand how many technical people are needed to make the project a success
C)To help understand the basic trade-offs of resources committed and cash received
D)To identify the necessary product launch date
E)To set marketing and sales budgets

Question 51

Economic analysis of product development projects must evaluate which of the following?

A)Planned profitability of the product
B)Expected market share to be attained
C)Net present value of profits
D)Timing and amount of net cash flow
E)Demand elasticity of the product

Question 52

What are the six phases of the generic product development process?
1.______________________________
2.______________________________
3.______________________________
4.______________________________
5.______________________________
6.______________________________

Question 53

What are the three characteristics of a core competency?
1._____________________________
2._____________________________
3._____________________________

Question 54

In product development, what is the analysis called that works toward simplifying products and processes to achieve equivalent or better performance at lower cost? ________________________________________

Question 55

How might the generic product development process described in the text be different if developing a process-intensive product?

Question 56

What seven variants of the generic product development process are discussed in the text?
1.______________________________
2.______________________________
3.______________________________
4.______________________________
5.______________________________
6.______________________________
7.______________________________

Question 57

Advocates of financial modeling of product design projects argue that:

A)Financial analysis focuses on measurable quantities only.
B)Financial analysis brings discipline and control to the product development process.
C)Sufficiently rigorous financial analysis can accurately forecast the product's profit potential.
D)Financial analysis is as solid as the assumptions that go into the model.
E)Financial analysis nurtures innovation and creativity.

Question 58

Consumer electronics is an example of a product developed in which variant of the generic product development process?

A)Technology-push products
B)Customized products
C)Platform products
D)Quick-build products
E)Process-intensive products