Deck 19: The Increasing Influence of Europe

Question 1

In 987,the French nobles chose which of the following men as their king?

A) William of Normandy
B) Frederick Barbarossa
C) Hugh Capet
D) Henry IV
E) Gregory VII

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The Holy Roman Empire was essentially a regional state ruling Germany,though it also wielded influence intermittently in

A) France.
B) Spain.
C) Italy.
D) England.
E) Byzantium.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The growth of urbanization was most pronounced in

A) England.
B) northern Italy.
C) France.
D) Spain.
E) Russia.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In the late 1200s,Marco Polo visited the court of

A) Khubilai Khan.
B) Chaghatai Khan.
C) Chinggis Khan.
D) Hongwu.
E) Mansa Musa.

Question 5

Hugh Capet was crowned King of France in 987

A) and immediately turned France into a powerful,centralized state.
B) and was immediately excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII.
C) and was eventually overthrown by the Holy Roman emperor.
D) but it took centuries for the French kings to build a powerful,centralized state.
E) and immediately launched an unsuccessful invasion of Spain.

Question 6

The reconquest of land from the Muslims occurred in

A) Italy.
B) Sicily.
C) the Iberian peninsula.
D) the Byzantine empire.
E) England.

Question 7

By the year 1300,the population of Europe had risen to around

A) 24 million.
B) 47 million.
C) 79 million.
D) 92 million.
E) 152 million.

Question 8

St.Thomas Aquinas

A) stressed the importance of an emotional,unquestioning devotion to God.
B) founded the Dominicans.
C) believed that it was possible to prove rationally that God exists.
D) looked to the Cathars for inspiration.
E) was the author of The City of God.

Question 9

In 1066,William of Normandy conquered

A) England.
B) France.
C) Italy.
D) Spain.
E) the Holy Roman Empire.

Question 10

The Hanseatic League was a trading network that operated in the

A) North Sea and Baltic Sea.
B) Indian Ocean.
C) Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea.
D) Atlantic Ocean.
E) Black Sea.

Question 11

In Italy,the political structure was marked by

A) a tightly centralized government.
B) a series of city-states and principalities.
C) consolidated rule by the popes.
D) unification imposed from the outside by the Holy Roman Empire.
E) the world's first democracy.

Question 12

The quip that the Holy Roman Empire was "neither holy,nor Roman,nor an empire" is attributed to

A) Voltaire.
B) Pope Gregory VII.
C) William of Normandy.
D) Hugh Capet.
E) Saladin.

Question 13

Which of the following was NOT a problem faced by the late Byzantine empire?

A) accumulation of land by wealthy landowners
B) reduced incentives to join the Byzantine military
C) foreign invasions
D) the inability of leaders to get the population to practice Christianity
E) diminished tax receipts for the central government

Question 14

Which of the following factors does NOT help explain the increased agricultural production of the high middle ages?

A) the expansion of arable land
B) government financial support
C) the use of new tools
D) the introduction of new crops
E) the introduction of new technology

Question 15

Central to the philosophy of the high middle ages was the rediscovery of

A) Socrates.
B) Hippocrates.
C) Virgil.
D) Aristotle.
E) Galen.

Question 16

Which of the following states developed a tightly centralized political structure in its early stages in which all power stemmed from a group of dukes?

A) England
B) France
C) Holy Roman Empire
D) Italy
E) Russia

Question 17

Medieval social commentators often described the medieval social structure with the phrase

A) "those who fight and those who work."
B) "those who pray,those who fight,and those who work."
C) "every man united in god and king."
D) "king as father of the country."
E) "the mandate of heaven."

Question 18

The early postclassical era in Europe witnessed

A) a resurgence of urbanization.
B) a decline in urbanization.
C) a marked decline in trade.
D) a strengthening of noble feudal control in the countryside.
E) the return of unified imperial rule in Europe.

Question 19

The guilds of the high middle ages

A) were exclusively male.
B) were designed to fight for better wages from the factory owners.
C) usually admitted women as members.
D) were designed to fight against the increasing materialism of the age.
E) were extensions of the monasteries.

Question 20

The single biggest obstacle to the rise of a powerful Holy Roman Empire was

A) continual invasions by the French.
B) the reoccurring appearance of epidemic diseases.
C) occasional invasions from the Huns.
D) an ongoing conflict with the papacy.
E) continuous tensions caused by border disputes with England.

Question 21

During the eleventh century,which of the following locations was captured from Muslims?

A) Sicily
B) Holy Roman Empire
C) North Africa
D) England
E) France

Question 22

During the high middle ages,the most popular saint was

A) St. Peter.
B) St. Dominic.
C) St. Francis.
D) the Virgin Mary.
E) St. James.

Question 23

During the high middle ages,European farmers experimented with new crops and different cycles of crop rotation.

Question 24

The Waldensians

A) were the most important of the crusading orders during the first crusade.
B) advocated modest and simple lives.
C) stressed the primacy of the Roman Catholic clergy.
D) sailed to Newfoundland under the direction of Leif Ericsson.
E) fought for independence from France.

Question 25

Jerusalem was captured in 1187 by

A) Richard the Lionheart.
B) Saladin.
C) Frederick Barbarossa.
D) Peter the Hermit.
E) Abu al-Abbas.

Question 26

Which of the following fell to the Turks in 1144?

A) Constantinople
B) Jerusalem
C) Edessa
D) Palestine
E) Antioch

Question 27

By the late thirteenth century,only the small kingdom of Castile was left in Muslim hands.

Question 28

Which of the following was/were NOT among the crusading orders?

A) Templars
B) Franciscans
C) Hospitallers
D) Teutonic Knights
E) Hospitallers and Teutonic Knights

Question 29

In 1066 Duke William of Normandy invaded England and,after a speedy victory,introduced Norman principles of government and land tenure to England.

Question 30

The only crusade that recaptured Jerusalem was the

A) first crusade.
B) second crusade.
C) third crusade.
D) fourth crusade.
E) sixth crusade.

Question 31

Pope Urban II

A) led the fight against the Albigensian heresy.
B) excommunicated Henry IV.
C) launched the crusades in 1095.
D) was forced to step down after a confrontation with Henry IV.
E) both excommunicated Henry IV and was forced to step down after a confrontation with Henry IV.

Question 32

The collapse of the Roman empire and invasions by migratory peoples wrecked European society and economy.

Question 33

Oxen replaced horses in the high middle ages,which helped to increase agricultural production.

Question 34

The Dominicans and Franciscans

A) were openly criticized during the high middle ages because of their vast wealth.
B) espoused dangerous heresies during the high middle ages.
C) attacked materialism and allowed no personal possessions.
D) played a key role in financing the crusades.
E) pushed for reconciliation among Christians,Jews,and Muslims.

Question 35

The crusades

A) stopped all trade between the eastern and western Mediterranean because of the constant warfare.
B) had virtually no impact on trade whatsoever.
C) increased trade between the eastern and western Mediterranean.
D) led to a slight decline in trade in the Mediterranean.
E) introduced the Black Death into Europe.

Question 36

Pope Gregory VII ordered an end to the practice of lay investiture-the selection of church officials by lay rulers.

Question 37

The reconquista occurred in

A) Italy.
B) Spain.
C) the Holy Roman Empire.
D) England.
E) France.

Question 38

Which of the following was a consequence of the fourth crusade?

A) the establishment of an Islamic regime in Constantinople
B) a new spirit of cooperation between Constantinople and western Europe
C) the sacking of Constantinople
D) the rise of Salah al-Din
E) a union of the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches

Question 39

The last surviving Islamic outpost in Spain before 1492 was

A) Castile.
B) Aragon.
C) Granada.
D) Portugal.
E) Balearic Islands.

Question 40

Who founded the orders of mendicants?

A) Gregory VII and St. Francis
B) William of Normandy
C) St. Dominic
D) Leo III
E) St. Francis and St. Dominic

Question 41

Examine the intellectual world of the high middle ages.What role did the new universities play? What was the influence of the rediscovered works of Aristotle and the philosophy of St.Thomas Aquinas?

Question 42

Chivalry was a formal and widely recognized code of ethics and behavior considered appropriate for nobles.

Question 43

An old saying described the social structure of medieval Europe as "those who pray,those who fight,and those who work." What does this saying really mean? Compare this social system and its eventual transformation during the high middle ages to the social structure of other societies during the same period.

Question 44

Examine the origins and growth of the Holy Roman Empire.What were its strengths and its main limitations?

Question 45

The evolution of the university coincided with the rediscovery of the works of Aristotle.

Question 46

Compare and contrast the political development of the Holy Roman Empire,France,England,Italy,and Spain.What factors allowed for some states to achieve greater levels of centralization,while others did not?

Question 47

Examine the growth of cities during the high middle ages.How did these cities establish a separate identity for themselves outside of feudalism? How did this transformation affect the social structure both inside and outside the cities?

Question 48

What can the crusades tell us about the changing face of Europe during the high middle ages? What were the consequences,both good and bad,of the crusades?

Question 49

What role did William of Normandy play in the development of England? Why was England able to develop a centralized government earlier than the other states of the age?

Question 50

Examine the emerging political and economic world of western Europe during the high middle ages.How does the western European world compare to the situation in China,India,the Byzantine empire,the Islamic states,and sub-Saharan Africa during the same period?

Question 51

How did the role of women change during the high middle ages? Relate the role of women to the rise of new cities and guilds.

Question 52

Describe the popular heresies that arose during the high middle ages in Europe and the reactions of the church and government authorities.

Question 53

What technological advancements increased agricultural production during the high middle ages? How did this increase influence European development?

Question 54

How did the ideal of the Holy Roman Empire compare to the reality? Describe its actual political structure and its effect on the power structures of Europe.

Question 55

Discuss the social transformation of Europe during the high middle ages.What were the three estates? How did growing urbanization and increased trade influence this social system?

Question 56

The term crusade refers to a holy war.

Question 57

What was the main message of the Franciscans and Dominicans? How turbulent was this religious period? What was the significance of the popular heresies?

Question 58

The growth of towns and cities brought about increasing specialization of labor,which in turn resulted in dramatic expansion of manufacturing and trade.

Question 59

How was Europe influenced by economic expansion and increased trade during the high middle ages? Why was long-distance trade so important?

Question 60

Why were England,France,and Spain able to unify when the Italian states and the Holy Roman Empire struggled? What were the foundations of these new nation-states?

Question 61

Describe the guild system that developed alongside greater urbanization in Europe during the high middle ages.What factors encouraged the growth of guilds? What effect did they have,if any,on gender relations or the role of women in the economy?

Question 62

Where were the centers of the trade networks for Europe? Why those locations?

Question 63

During this period Europe saw the emergence of a new social class in the cities.Who were they? What roles did they play? How did they make a place for themselves in the medieval social order?

Question 64

What do the journeys of the Polos represent about European society during the high middle ages?

Question 65

What was the role of the textile industry in the European economy during this period?

Question 66

Look at Map 19.3,The medieval expansion of Europe,1000-1250 C.E. What is the significance of the crusades? How do these movements help explain the transformation of Europe during the high middle ages?

Question 67

What effect did the papacy have on the ability of the Holy Roman Empire to develop a cohesive,centralized kingdom?

Question 68

What is scholasticism and what broader intellectual movements did it reflect? How did it contrast with popular religion?

Question 69

How did the development of chivalry affect the noble classes?