Deck 33: Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Question 1

All of the following are true about Cnidarians except

A)they are widespread and abundant especially in shallow,warm-temperature or subtropical waters.
B)they are basically gelatinous in composition.
C)their bodies are made up of distinct organs.
D)they exist either as polyps or medusae.
E)they contain specialized cells called "cnidocytes" within which nematocysts are found.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Radially symmetrical marine animals that propel themselves through the water by means of eight comb-like plates of fused cilia belong to the Phylum

A)CnidariA.
B)Ctenophora.
C)Platyhelminthes.
D)Eumetazoan.
E)Parazoa.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Cnidarians characteristically possess specialized cells which contain a __________,a harpoon used to attack prey.

Answer 3

nematocyst

Question 4

Phylum Platyhelminthes is characterized by all of the following except

A)bilateral symmetry.
B)solid bodies with an inner digestive cavity.
C)flat ribbon-shaped bodies with dorso-ventral parts and anterior head.
D)all are free-living.
E)possess an excretory system.

Question 5

Most flatworms are _____________,meaning each individual containing both male and female sexual structures.

Question 6

Sponges are unique in possessing special flagellated cells whose beating drives water through the body cavity.These specialized cells are known as

A)cnidocytes.
B)planulae.
C)nematocysts.
D)choanocytes.
E)spicules.

Question 7

You discover an animal that is clearly multicellular,but does not have cells organized into tissues.The animal appears to have radial symmetry.You decide to place this animal in the group _____.

Question 8

Flukes are parasitic worms whose hosts during the larval stage are usually

A)aquatic insects.
B)cyprinid fishes.
C)humans.
D)free-living flatworms.
E)snails.

Question 9

The most primitive bilaterally symmetrical and the simplest acoelomatic animals in which organs occur are the _________.

Question 10

Flatworms are similar to sponges,cnidarians,and ctenophores in which of the following?

A)contain an excretory system lined with a network of fine tubules running through the body
B)contain an incomplete gut with only one opening
C)cilia line the hollow centers of bulb-like flame cells
D)lack circulatory systems for transport of oxygen and food
E)most are hermaphroditic

Question 11

Most species of tapeworms live in the

A)stomachs of vertebrates.
B)lungs of vertebrates.
C)livers of vertebrates.
D)intestines of vertebrates.
E)hearts of vertebrates.

Question 12

Anthozoan corals are characterized by all of the following except

A)some may have hard calcium carbonate exoskeletons.
B)the coral animals are always found in nutrient-rich waters.
C)some participate in the formation of shallow-water limestone ridges.
D)many harbor symbiotic algae.
E)they are a class of cnidarians.

Question 13

Sponges exhibit all of the following general characteristics except

A)eating by flow of water through canals and pores.
B)free-swimming larvae;sessile adults.
C)lack of specialized tissues and organs.
D)lack of symmetry (may be radial in small species).
E)head or appendages,mouth or anus.

Question 14

The vase-like body of a simple sponge is likely to contain all of the following materials or layers except

A)a digestive cavity lined with enzyme-secreting cells.
B)mesophyl,a protein-rich matrix.
C)a somewhat contractile outer epithelium.
D)specialized collar cells or choanocytes.
E)spicules or a spongin skeleton,or both.

Question 15

Two phyla that belong to the Ecdysozoan clade are

A)Platyhelminthes and NematodA.
B)Nematoda and Arthropoda.
C)Annelida and Mollusca.
D)Mollusca and Arthropoda.
E)Platyhelminthes and Arthropoda.

Question 16

The _____ are small,free-living pseudocoelomates,often smaller than some ciliate protists.

Question 17

Which of the following belongs to the phylum Ctenophora?

A)hydra
B)jellyfish
C)anemones
D)comb jellies
E)corals

Question 18

The most prominent phylum of acoelomates,_____________,includes the free-living flatworms and the parasitic flukes and tapeworms.

Question 19

A major evolutionary innovation found in ________ is the internal extracellular digestion of food.

Question 20

Which of the following is the key transitions in body design that are responsible for most of the differences of Eumetazoa?

A)distinct tissues
B)radial to bilateral symmetry
C)no body cavity to body cavity
D)unsegmented to segmented bodies
E)protostome to deuterostome development

Question 21

Trichinella nematodes reach muscle tissue,forming resistant cysts,after

A)entering the circulatory system following penetration of the skin of the foot.
B)entering the circulatory system following penetration of the intestinal wall.
C)entering the lymph channels following penetration of the intestine.
D)entering the lymph channel following penetration of lung tissue.
E)none of thesE.

Question 22

Which one of the following features does not apply to animals in the phylum Nematoda?

A)molt their flexible thick cuticle to grow
B)capable of complex movement due to circular and longitudinal muscles
C)use muscular pharynx to draw food into digestive tract
D)parasitic forms often have piercing organs called stylets in the mouth
E)abundant and diverse group,both freshwater and marine,free-living and parasitic

Question 23

The human disease,trichinosis,is contracted through

A)walking barefoot in soil containing larvae.
B)eating fertilized eggs.
C)eating undercooked or raw pork.
D)eating raw beef.
E)none of thesE.

Question 24

Which one of the following groupings includes animals referred to as "wheel animals"?

A)Deuterostomia
B)Rotifera
C)Lophotrochozoa
D)Ecdysozoa
E)Parazoa

Question 25

Which of the following is not true about pseudocoelomates?

A)They possess an internal body cavity called a pseudocoel.
B)They contain a bony skeleton.
C)They possess a complete,one-way digestive tract.
D)The pseudocoel permits resistance to muscle contraction.
E)They lack a defined circulatory system.

Question 26

The stage in the fluke's life history in which it escapes from the snail and is ready to enter the intermediate or final host is the

A)cercariae.
B)fertilized eggs.
C)miracidia.
D)rediae.
E)sporocytes.

Question 27

Which of the following are not correctly matched?

A)spicules-sponges
B)nematocyst-cnidaria
C)flame cells-flatworms
D)stylets-roundworms
E)scolex-rotifers

Question 28

Which one of the following is not a cell type found in the cnidarians?

A)epidermal
B)gastrodermal
C)nerve
D)myoepithial
E)nematocyst

Question 29

The long,flat bodies of tapeworms are made up of repeating segments known as

A)antheridiA.
B)gut blocks.
C)proglottids.
D)scolex.
E)miracidia.

Question 30

Which one of the following taxa is not part of the grouping of clades called the Platyzoa?

A)Platyhelminthes
B)Annelida
C)Rotifera
D)Gastrotrica
E)Micrognathozoa

Question 31

Which one of the following taxa is not part of the grouping of clades called the Spiralia?

A)Nematoda
B)Rotifera
C)Bryozoa
D)Annelida
E)Mollusca

Question 32

Which one of the following is not true about Porifera?

A)they lack tissues
B)most members of this phylum lack symmetry
C)they remain nonsessile throughout their entire life cycle
D)defend themselves by producing chemicals that repel potential predators
E)if cells are separated,they will seek one another out and reassemble the entire sponge

Question 33

All of the following statements about Cnidaria are correct with the exception of

A)Cnidarians can have two body forms,polyp and medusA.
B)Cnidarians are triploblastic,having ectoderm,mesoderm,and endoderm.
C)Cnidarians have radical symmetry.
D)Cnidarians do not have circulatory,respiratory,or excretory systems.
E)Cnidarians have specialized cells called cnidocytes with nematocysts insidE.

Question 34

In 1995,organisms belonging to the species Symbion pandora were discovered and assigned to the phylum

A)RotiferA.
B)Nematoda.
C)Cycliophora.
D)Platyhelminthes.
E)Cnidaria.

Question 35

An invertebrate biologist explains to your class that she studies the choanocytes of sponges.You know that choanocytes are

A)specialized cells near the osculum of the sponge.
B)specialized cells that contain spongin and thus contribute to the sponge's rigid structure.
C)specialized cells that eventually form spicules.
D)specialized cells that have flagella and function to gather food particles.
E)specialized cells from which larval sponges develop.

Question 36

Schistosomiasis is a serious disorder afflicting humans mainly in tropical regions;it is caused by a

A)carp or goldfish.
B)fluke.
C)nematode.
D)snail.
E)tapeworm.

Question 37

Which of the following is not true about beef tapeworms?

A)occur as a juvenile in the intermuscular tissue of cattle
B)found as an adult in the intestines of human beings
C)able to produce embryos,which may be viable for up to five months
D)able to reach adult length of up to 10 meters
E)more than 10% of the cattle are infected in the United States

Question 38

Which of the following nematode parasites lives in the lymphatic system of humans where they may cause obstruction resulting in severe swelling called elephantiasis.

A)Ascaris
B)Trichinella
C)Necator
D)Filaria
E)Enterobius

Question 39

Which of the following is not a characteristic of rotifers?

A)bilaterally symmetrical
B)corona is food gathering organ
C)live on mouthparts of lobsters
D)complete gut with mouth and anus
E)most occur in fresh water

Question 40

Which of the following nematode parasites infects about 30% of American children and are easily controlled by drugs.

A)Ascaris
B)Trichinella
C)Necator
D)Filaria
E)Enterobius

Question 41

Which one of the following features is not found in animals of the phylum Ctenophora?

A)radial-like symmetry
B)special food-capturing cell type called a colloblast
C)swimming by lateral undulations of their body
D)bioluminescence
E)muscle cells derived from mesoderm

Question 42

Which one of the following features is not found in animals of the phylum Porifera?

A)spicules or spongin
B)food-gathering dependent entirely on cilia
C)water leaving the sponge at the osculum
D)adults that are entirely sessile (attached to the bottom)
E)tissues and organs

Question 43

Which one of the following statements about the free-living flatworm is false?

A)has a gastrovascular cavity.
B)flame cells have a major excretory function;water balance occurs by diffusion only.
C)can orient relative to a light source.
D)can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
E)is acoelomate and has bilateral symmetry.

Question 44

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.Cnidaria
B.Nematoda
C.Platyhelminthes
D.Porifera
E.Ctenophora
Comb jellies;propel themselves by means of eight comb-like plates of fused cilia.

Question 45

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.Cnidaria
B.Nematoda
C.Platyhelminthes
D.Porifera
E.Ctenophora
Bilaterally symmetrical acoelomates.

Question 46

Which one of the following statements about Hydra is true?

A)has a freshwater habitat.
B)has a medusa stage.
C)has a salt water habitat.
D)The planula larva transforms into a mesusa.
E)it is colonial not solitary.

Question 47

Which one of the following features is not found in animals of the phylum Nematoda?

A)hydrostatic skeleton
B)pseudocoelom
C)complete digestive system
D)well developed respiratory system
E)bundles of longitudinal muscles extending the length of the body

Question 48

Which one of the following is not a cell type found in the Parazoa or an inclusion produced by a cell?

A)osculum
B)choanocyte
C)porocyte
D)amoebocyte
E)spicule

Question 49

Which one of the following features does not distinguish the eumetazoa from the parazoa?

A)some type of symmetry
B)distinct cell types forming tissues
C)possession of ectoderm and endoderm
D)polyp and medusa body forms and organs
E)a body plan

Question 50

Cnidarians are grouped into four or five classes.Which one is not one of the classes of Cnidaria?

A)Ecdysozoa
B)Anthozoa
C)Cubozoa
D)Hydrozoa
E)Scyphozoa

Question 51

Which of the following is not a type of cnidarian?

A)Hydra
B)Obelia
C)box jellyfish
D)comb jelly
E)sea anemone

Question 52

Which one of the following statements comparing the parasitic flatworms (flukes and tapeworms)is false?

A)Flukes are ectoparasites;tapeworms are endoparasites.
B)Both parasitic flukes and tapeworms have life cycles with two or more hosts.
C)Flukes attach to their hosts with suckers;tapeworms use a scolex.
D)Most parasitic flukes and tapeworms have lost several features seen in free-living flatworms like Dugesia.
E)Most parasitic flukes and tapeworms produce huge numbers of eggs and sperm.

Question 53

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.Cnidaria
B.Nematoda
C.Platyhelminthes
D.Porifera
E.Ctenophora
Radially symmetrical polyps and medusae.

Question 54

Which one of the following features is not found in animals of the phylum Rotifera?

A)cephalization
B)ciliated food gathering organ called a corona
C)free-living,nonparasitic life style
D)smaller than many unicellular ciliates
E)fluid-filled,true coelom

Question 55

Which of the following statements about the phyla Nematoda and Rotifera is false?

A)Nematodes use muscle power for locomotion;rotifers use ciliA.
B)Nematodes are much more abundant than rotifers.
C)Both nematodes and rotifers have a digestive system with mouth and anus.
D)Common possession of a rigid body suggests that the phyla Nematoda and Rotifera share a recent common ancestor.
E)Both nematodes and rotifers are bilaterally symmetric.

Question 56

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.Cnidaria
B.Nematoda
C.Platyhelminthes
D.Porifera
E.Ctenophora
Sponges;lack tissue organization.

Question 57

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.Cnidaria
B.Nematoda
C.Platyhelminthes
D.Porifera
E.Ctenophora
Pseudocoelomate worms with a gut tube open at both ends.

Question 58

Which one of the following statements comparing the hydrozoans Hydra and Obelia is false?

A)Unlike Hydra,Obelia and most hydrozoans are colonial.
B)Unlike Hydra,Obelia and most hydrozoans are marine.
C)In Hydra,the medusa stage is more conspicuous than the polyp stage;the reverse is true for Obelia.
D)The polyps and medusae of both Hydra and Obelia have gastrovascular cavities.
E)Both Hydra and Obelia have cnidocytes.