Deck 29: Protists

Question 1

The common characteristic of Alveolata is

A)a single,unique mitochondriA.
B)a layer of flattened vesicles beneath the plasma membrane.
C)silica covering.
D)funnel-shaped,contractile collar.
E)presence of a plasmodium.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A non-walled,multinucleate mass of cytoplasm that resembles a moving mass of slime that is produced by plasmodial slime molds is called a

A)sorocarp.
B)plasmodium.
C)pseudopod.
D)filamental hyphe.
E)motile endosporE.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The marine multicellular protists including the larger brown algae belong to the

A)dinoflagellates.
B)Choanoflagellida.
C)Stramenopiles.
D)euglenoids.
E)foraminifera.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Protists move chiefly by either flagellar rotation or by cytoplasmic streaming called ______________ movement.

Question 5

All apicomplexes are nonmotile,spore forming,and live as __________ in animals.

Question 6

The tropical diseases such as African sleeping sickness,Chaga's disease,and leishmaniasis are caused by

A)foraminiferA.
B)sporozoans.
C)phytomastigotes.
D)trypanosomes.
E)oomycetes.

Question 7

All ________ have two very different types of nuclei within their cells,small micronuclei and larger macronuclei.

A)sporozoans
B)protists
C)oomycetes
D)ciliates
E)dinoflagellates

Question 8

The most diverse of the four eukaryotic kingdoms is the

A)Protista Kingdom.
B)Bacteria Kingdom.
C)Plantae Kingdom.
D)Animalia Kingdom.

Question 9

Mitochondria,chloroplasts,and ____________ are all thought to have arisen through endosymbiosis.

Question 10

Organisms that are characterized by being unicellular,photosynthetic,and having double shells made of silica are known as

A)dinoflagellates.
B)diatoms.
C)kelps.
D)euglenoids.
E)foraminifera.

Question 11

Mitochondria and bacteria share all of the following features except they

A)divide by simple fission.
B)have small ribosomes.
C)have a circular,closed molecule of DNA.
D)have genes encoding the enzymes of oxidative metabolism.
E)can live in a cell-free extract.

Question 12

The formation of a structure called a _______________ is important to many parasites that must survive a harsh environment between hosts.

Question 13

The individual cellular slime molds behave as separate amoebas while feeding.They aggregate and become a moving mass,the slug,which produces the spore containing ________ at a certain stage of life.

Question 14

The ___________ are a group within the Euglenozoa that have a unique,single mitochondrion.

Question 15

The members of ___________ include dinoflagellates,apicomplexes,and ciliates.

Question 16

A common characteristic of Choanoflagellida is

A)a single,unique mitochondriA.
B)space beneath the plasma membrane.
C)silica covering.
D)funnel-shaped,contractile collar.
E)presence of a plasmodium.

Question 17

Some protist cell surfaces have ___________,including silica or calcium carbonate.

Question 18

Amoebas move from place to place by means of their

A)cysts.
B)pseudopods.
C)pseudomonads.
D)sorocarps.
E)plasmodia.

Question 19

Typical asexually reproducing protists can reproduce ________ in times of stress.

Question 20

The _________ are a group characterized by pore-studded shells (called tests)composed of organic materials usually reinforced by grains of inorganic matter.

Question 21

Some protists use multiple fission (cell division preceded by several nuclear divisions)as a means of reproduction.Multiple fission is also referred to as

A)budding.
B)zygotic meiosis.
C)schizogony.
D)syngamy.
E)intermediary meiosis.

Question 22

Conjugating ciliates exchange a pair of haploid micronuclei that undergo mitosis as a diploid micronucleus,while the macronucleus in each

A)is expelled from the cell.
B)disintegrates.
C)divides by meiosis.
D)fuses with each other.
E)shrinks and becomes diploid micronuclei.

Question 23

Protists are classified into a single kingdom because of which of the following features?

A)They are eukaryotes,but not fungi,plants,or animals.
B)They are microscopic.
C)They are unicellular.
D)All types of nutritional modes are founD.
E)They are monophyletic.

Question 24

Centrioles are not found in

A)cellular slime molds.
B)diatoms.
C)Paramecia.
D)trypanosomes.
E)kelp.

Question 25

Individual organisms move through the soil or other substrate to ingest bacteria,etc. ,till a certain phase of their life cycle,when they aggregate into a single moving mass,which ultimately becomes encysted into spores.These organisms are

A)green algae.
B)brown algae.
C)red algae.
D)cellular slime molds.
E)dinoflagellates.

Question 26

Which of the following is not one of the distinctive features of dinoflagellates?

A)They are unicellular.
B)They are photosynthetic.
C)Some exist in fresh water,while some are part of marine plankton.
D)They form large,spherical colonies.
E)Some planktonic members are luminous and cause flashes in the night.

Question 27

Amoebas lack

A)cell walls.
B)flagella.
C)nuclei.
D)meiosis.
E)any form of sexuality.

Question 28

Which of the following is not true about Euglena?

A)belongs to the same phylum as Paramecium
B)does not have flagella
C)has a pellicle
D)has numerous chloroplasts with chlorophyll a and b
E)does not have sexual reproduction

Question 29

The parasite that is responsible for causing malaria is called

A)Streptococcus.
B)Chlamydomonas.
C)Plasmodium.
D)Entamoeba.
E)Giardia.

Question 30

Trypanosomiasis is spread by

A)mosquitoes.
B)airborne droplets.
C)tsetse flies.
D)fleas on rats.
E)contaminated water.

Question 31

The present day _________ have representatives most like the earliest eukaryotes.

A)Diplomonads
B)Euglenozoa
C)Alveolata
D)Rhodophyta
E)Stramenopila

Question 32

The limestone making up the famous landmark in England,the White Cliffs of Dover,are the pore-studded shells (tests)of

A)diatoms.
B)dinoflagellates.
C)brown algae.
D)spirochetes.
E)foraminifera.

Question 33

Vacuoles for ingesting food and regulating their water balance are characteristic of

A)sporozoans.
B)trypanosomes.
C)ciliates.
D)algae.
E)spirochetes.

Question 34

The malarial parasite,Plasmodium,is a member of the group

A)EuglenozoA.
B)Stramenopiles.
C)Alveolata.
D)Rhodophyta.
E)Diplomonads.

Question 35

The organism,Phytophthora infestans,responsible for the Irish Potato Famine of 1845 and 1847 belongs to

A)EuglenozoA.
B)Alveolata.
C)Rhodophyta.
D)Chlorophyta.
E)Stramenopila.

Question 36

Oomycetes are characterized by all of the following except they

A)produce zoospores asexually.
B)are able to reproduce sexually.
C)contain motile spores.
D)contain two unequal flagella.
E)were once considered fungi.

Question 37

Which of the following terms is NOT associated with the Euglenozoa?

A)stigma
B)pellicle
C)cilia
D)reservoir
E)flagellum

Question 38

In addition to their characteristic cilia,most ciliates contain two types of

A)nuclei.
B)chloroplasts.
C)flagella.
D)wood-digesting enzymes.
E)cysts.

Question 39

The unique double shells of diatoms are made of

A)cellulose.
B)silica.
C)chlorophylls.
D)agar.
E)proteins.

Question 40

Members of the Euglenozoa move within their habitats with the aid of

A)tests.
B)pseudopodia.
C)cilia.
D)flagella.
E)pellicles.

Question 41

Which of the following statements about malaria is false?

A)Fertilization occurs within a mosquito.
B)Merozoites are found inside red blood cells.
C)Gametocytes develop from merozoites.
D)Sporozoites are only found within a mosquito.
E)Gametocytes are passed to a feeding mosquito.

Question 42

Which one of the following statements about the trypanosome causing African sleeping sickness does not explain why the disease has been difficult to control?

A)Trypanosomes have a protective glycoprotein coat.
B)Trypanosomes have many variable antigen genes.
C)Rearrangement of antigen genes takes place during the asexual cycle.
D)By infesting the red blood cells,trypanosomes can "hide" from the immune system.
E)Only one gene determining the antigenic nature of the glycoprotein coat is expressed at a timE.

Question 43

According to the theory for the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria,the outer membrane of the mitochondrion was derived from an

A)engulfing ancestral eukaryotic cell.
B)engulfed aerobic prokaryotic cell.
C)engulfed anaerobic prokaryotic cell.
D)infoldings of the ancestral eukaryotic cell.
E)engulfed aerobic eukaryotic cell.

Question 44

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.oomycetes
B.cellular slime molds
C.brown algae
D.Euglenozoa
E.Plasmodium
A group of mostly unicellular protists;includes some organisms that are photosynthetic and free-living,but also some that are parasitic.

Question 45

Which one of the following groups is not considered monophyletic?

A)Euglenozoa
B)amoebas
C)Alveolata
D)Rhodophyta
E)Stramenopila

Question 46

Which one of the following features would not be characteristic of Euglena?

A)has chloroplasts with chlorophyll a and b
B)has mitochondria
C)can orient towards light
D)locomotion using cilia
E)can regulate its osmotic pressure

Question 47

The plasmodial and cellular slime molds differ in a number of features.Select the following choice that is not a difference.

A)aggregation of individuals when conditions worsen
B)ability to form spore-producing structures
C)ability to form an acellular plasmodium
D)ability to form individual amoebas
E)synchronization of mitosis

Question 48

Which of the following statements would not be consistent with the theory for the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

A)Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA enclosed within a nuclear envelope.
B)The composition of the outer membrane of chloroplasts and mitochondria is similar to the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells.
C)The composition of the inner membrane of chloroplasts and mitochondria is similar to the plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells.
D)Mitochondria and chloroplasts have some enzymes unique to them.
E)Genes encoded within mitochondria and chloroplast indicate a closer relationship to prokaryotes than do most nuclear genes.

Question 49

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.oomycetes
B.cellular slime molds
C.brown algae
D.Euglenozoa
E.Plasmodium
Multicellular,marine protists,some reaching 100 meters in length;known as seaweeds.

Question 50

Which one of the following is not a difference between early eukaryotes and the prokaryotes that were their ancestors?

A)mitosis
B)organelles
C)nuclear envelope
D)infoldings of the plasma membrane
E)larger cell size

Question 51

Conjugation in most ciliates involves a series of steps that leads to increased genetic diversity.Which one of the following choices is not one of those steps?

A)mitosis of a haploid nucleus
B)mitosis of a diploid nucleus
C)meiosis of a haploid nucleus
D)meiosis of a diploid nucleus
E)sexual reproduction

Question 52

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.oomycetes
B.cellular slime molds
C.brown algae
D.Euglenozoa
E.Plasmodium
Occur mainly in water or as plant parasites;include the organisms responsible for the great Irish potato famine;show alternation of generations.

Question 53

The life cycle of the brown alga Laminaria shares several features with the life cycle of most plants.Which one of the following is not shared?

A)meiosis
B)multicellular haploid stage
C)multicellular diploid stage
D)gametes produced by mitosis
E)spores produced by mitosis

Question 54

Some photosynthetic euglenoids can also ingest dissolved or particulate food.Which one of the following terms would best describe such a protist?

A)autotrophic
B)heterotrophic
C)mixotrophic
D)osmotrophic
E)phagotrophic

Question 55

The life cycle of Paramecium involves which of the following processes?

A)mitosis only
B)meiosis only
C)fertilization only
D)mitosis and meiosis
E)mitosis,meiosis,and fertilization

Question 56

If the brown algae obtained their chloroplasts through secondary endosymbiosis,then the number of membranes surrounding their chloroplast should be _________.

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 57

Which one of the following groups is not considered monophyletic?

A)slime molds
B)Choanoflagellida
C)red algae
D)Alveolata
E)Stramenopila

Question 58

Which one of the following statements about diplomonads and parabasilids is false?

A)Absence of mitochondria in these groups is an ancestral trait.
B)Some members are parasitic,but some also engage in mutualism.
C)Both groups are in different clades.
D)Both groups are flagellated protists.
E)Both groups likely had early eukaryotic ancestors.

Question 59

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.oomycetes
B.cellular slime molds
C.brown algae
D.Euglenozoa
E.Plasmodium
Is a member of the apicomplexes;carried by mosquitoes,it multiplies rapidly in the liver of humans to produce cyclic fevers of malaria.

Question 60

In addition to the true amoebas (Rhizopoda),another group with pseudopods are the

A)EuglenozoA.
B)Stramenopila.
C)radiolarians.
D)Diplomonads.
E)Alveolata.

Question 61

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.oomycetes
B.cellular slime molds
C.brown algae
D.Euglenozoa
E.Plasmodium
Exist as single cells that aggregate,migrate as a slug,and work together as a unit;encysted amoebas secrete a cellulose wall and make spores.