Deck 18: The Legal Environment and Structure of Labor Unions

Question 1

Yellow-dog contracts were made illegal by the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The Hitchman Coal & Coke Co.v.Mitchell case upheld the legality of yellow-dog contracts.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Norris-La Guardia Act established no administrative procedures to ensure implementation of employee rights to bargain with employers on the terms and conditions of employment.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Norris-La Guardia Act created the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).

Question 5

Federal Services Impasses Panel (FSIP)is an entity within the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).

Question 6

The Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA)has not presently been passed by Congress.

Question 7

Executive orders are issued for managing and operating private organizations.

Question 8

A yellow-dog contract makes it mandatory for all employees to join the union.

Question 9

According to the conspiracy doctrine,a union could be punished if either the means used or the ends sought were deemed illegal by the courts.

Question 10

The Taft-Hartley Act made yellow-dog contracts unenforceable and severely restricted the use of injunctions.

Question 11

Right-to-Work laws are now illegal in all 50 states due to the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act.

Question 12

The Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA)is composed of three members from the party with a majority in Congress.

Question 13

Historically,labor unions have gained their strength from blue-collar production workers.

Question 14

A strike is the collective refusal of employees to work.

Question 15

According to the 2003 data obtained from the U.S.department of Labor,African Americans were less likely to be union members than were whites,Asians,and Hispanics.

Question 16

The Civil Service Reform Act was the first important piece of prolabor legislation in the United States.

Question 17

Both skilled and unskilled workers in a particular industry or group of industries are members of an industrial union.

Question 18

An absorption involves the merging of one union into a considerably larger one.

Question 19

As per the Clayton Act,the labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce.

Question 20

An injunction prohibits an employer from hiring anyone other than a union member.

Question 21

A court order to stop an action that can result in irreparable damage to property when the situation is such that no adequate remedy is available is known as a(n):

A)yellow-dog contract.
B)injunction.
C)secondary boycott.
D)checkoff.

Question 22

Which of the following acts established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)?

A)The Railway Labor Act
B)The Wagner Act
C)The Taft-Hartley Act
D)The Norris-La Guardia Act

Question 23

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the use of injunctions in labor disputes?

A)Injunctions were normally sought by the employer.
B)Violations of an injunction would result in a contempt-of-court citation.
C)Courts placed a narrow interpretation on the term "property."
D)Complying with the injunction in many cases destroyed the effectiveness of the union.

Question 24

The landmark decision by the Supreme Court of Massachusetts,Commonwealth v.Hunt,was significant because it:

A)rejected the doctrine that the actions of labor unions were illegal per se.
B)limited the use of injunctions.
C)outlawed yellow-dog contracts.
D)guaranteed right-to-work for employees regardless of whether they were union members.

Question 25

A notion that courts can punish a union if they deem that the means used or the ends sought by the union are illegal is known as the:

A)conspiracy doctrine.
B)contract bar doctrine.
C)captive-audience doctrine.
D)bargaining unit doctrine.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Hitchman Coal & Coke Co.v.Mitchell case?

A)It led to the passage of the Clayton Act.
B)It led to the Supreme Court's decision of applying the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to all unions.
C)It upheld the legality of yellow-dog contracts.
D)It led to the Supreme Court placing a broad interpretation on the term "property."

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true regarding the free-speech clause included in the Taft-Hartley act?

A)It gives management the right to express its opinion about unions to its employees,provided they carry no threat of reprisal.
B)It gives employees the right to organize a union and bargain collectively with an employer.
C)It permits closed and preferential shop agreements.
D)It allows managers to join a labor union.

Question 28

An agreement between an employee and an employer stipulating that,as a condition of employment,the worker would not join a labor union is known as a(n):

A)temporary-worker contract.
B)agency shop.
C)blacklist contract.
D)yellow-dog contract.

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true regarding the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)?

A)The board is a seven-member panel.
B)It was established by the Clayton Act.
C)It is appointed by the President of the United States.
D)Each member serves for a three-year term.

Question 30

Which of the following acts is also known as the Wagner Act?

A)The Clayton Act
B)The Labor-Management Relations Act
C)The National Labor Relations Act
D)The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act

Question 31

Which of the following acts was called the "Industrial Magna Carta" by Samuel Gompers,one of the leading spokespersons of the early labor movement?

A)The Norris-La Guardia Act
B)The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
C)The Railway Labor Act
D)The Clayton Act

Question 32

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Railway Labor Act?

A)It set up the administrative machinery for handling labor relations within the railroad industry.
B)It upheld the legality of yellow-dog contracts for railroad employees.
C)It established the Office of the General Counsel to administer the act.
D)The act was extended to the manufacturing industry in 1936.

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Norris-La Guardia Act?

A)It declared yellow-dog contracts as legal.
B)The law did not require management to bargain with their union.
C)It promoted the use of injunctions.
D)It established administrative procedures to ensure implementation of employee rights to organize and bargain with employers.

Question 34

Unions typically bargain for all of the following EXCEPT:

A)management takeover.
B)shorter working hours.
C)job security.
D)higher wages.

Question 35

The Taft-Hartley Act did all of the following EXCEPT:

A)eliminate most "closed shop" hiring arrangements.
B)diminish the National Labor Relations Board.
C)make excessive union initiation fees illegal.
D)outlaw secondary boycotts.

Question 36

The _____ gave employees the right to organize unions,bargain collectively with employers,and engage in other concerted actions for the purpose of mutual protection.

A)Railway Labor Act
B)Wagner Act
C)Taft-Hartley Act
D)Norris-La Guardia Act

Question 37

_____ is a landmark case of 1908 in which the Supreme Court ruled that the Sherman Anti-Trust Act applied to all unions.

A)Hitchman Coal & Coke Co.v.Mitchell
B)Danbury Hatters case
C)Commonwealth v.Hunt
D)Duplex Printing Co.v.Deering

Question 38

The _____ made yellow-dog contracts unenforceable and severely restricted the use of injunctions.

A)Railway Labor Act
B)Norris-La Guardia Act
C)Wagner Act
D)Taft-Hartley Act

Question 39

A condition prohibiting an employer from hiring anyone other than a union member is called a:

A)collective agreement.
B)lockout.
C)closed shop.
D)right-to-work provision.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Taft-Hartley Act?

A)It prohibits a practice in the construction industry referred to as a union hiring hall.
B)It permits preferential shop agreements.
C)It allows managers to join a labor union.
D)It was an amendment and extension of the Wagner Act.

Question 41

Which of the following unions had only skilled workers as members?

A)National unions
B)Industrial unions
C)Crafts unions
D)International unions

Question 42

The _____ is an entity within the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA).

A)Federal Services Impasses Panel (FSIP)
B)National Mediation Board
C)Office of the General Counsel
D)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)

Question 43

The federal law which made closed shops and preferential shops illegal was the:

A)Hatch Act.
B)Norris-La Guardia Act.
C)Taft-Hartley Act.
D)Wagner Act.

Question 44

Describe the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).

Question 45

Describe executive orders as they relate to the legal environment of unions.

Question 46

Explain injunctions.

Question 47

A state's position regarding the right-to-work provision is determined by:

A)federal mandate.
B)the state's own law.
C)workers' votes under NLRB oversight.
D)each organization within a state.

Question 48

List the main provisions of the Civil Service Reform Act.

Question 49

Explain the Taft-Hartley Act.

Question 50

List the main provisions of the Landrum-Griffin Act.

Question 51

Right-to-work laws:

A)guarantee work to anyone willing to join a union.
B)were declared unconstitutional by the U.S.Supreme Court in 1980.
C)allow unionization without requiring that employees join or pay union dues.
D)are in effect in all 50 states.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is true regarding the AFL-CIO?

A)It negotiates all union contracts in the United States.
B)It is a federation of unions.
C)It administers the Civil Service Reform Act.
D)Its members are appointed by the President.

Question 53

Which of the following acts is aimed primarily at regulating internal union affairs and protecting the rights of individual union members?

A)The Wagner Act
B)The Norris-La Guardia Act
C)The Landrum-Griffin Act
D)The Taft-Hartley Act

Question 54

The Civil Service Reform Act is administered by which of the following organizations?

A)The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
B)The Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA)
C)The Office of the General Counsel
D)The National Mediation Board

Question 55

The largest organizational unit within the union movement emerged with the merger between the:

A)United Mine Workers and American Federation of Labor.
B)Knights of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations.
C)American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations.
D)Knights of Labor and United Mine Workers.

Question 56

Explain right-to-work laws.

Question 57

Define the conspiracy doctrine.

Question 58

Over the past few decades,as a percentage of the total workforce,union membership has:

A)remained constant.
B)increased dramatically.
C)decreased.
D)increased slightly.

Question 59

Explain the Wagner Act.

Question 60

Define the Railway Labor Act.