Deck 3: History and Geography: The Foundations of Culture

Question 1

There is a global rush toward industrialization and economic growth;as this occurs,environmental issues become less important.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The Manifest Destiny Concept,a cornerstone of U.S.foreign policy,stated that there would be no further European colonization in the New World or Western Hemisphere.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The prohibition of the colonial traders to trade directly with merchants in China was an important complaint by the colonists.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Culture can be defined as being one's amount of social standing.

Question 5

The policy of "Manifest Destiny" meant that American were a chosen people ordained by God to create a model society.

Question 6

Corporate planner Ralph Marx has recently become upset with the U.S.policy of sustainable development.He thinks that this policy is limiting global growth.This policy states that protecting the environment rests solely with the government and,therefore,all corporations around the world must respect the U.S.government's authority in this area.

Question 7

History is a predominate variable in defining a company's "mission."

Question 8

With respect to Latin America,citizens of the United States think that they have been good neighbors and that the Monroe Doctrine has been used to protect the various Latin American states from European interests.

Question 9

Based on current estimates,there are over 6 million people in the world.

Question 10

Prior to the coming of Admiral Perry in 1853,Japan could be characterized as being isolated from the rest of the world.

Question 11

After the Mexican Revolution,American businesspeople were encouraged to return and make investments in the country.

Question 12

The United States was almost completely self-sufficient with respect to oil and gas imports until 1942.

Question 13

When the Chinese Emperor took steps to stop opium trade the British responded militarily resulting in numerous Chinese ports being opened to trade and settlement by foreigners.

Question 14

Nuclear energy provides the greatest percentage of total energy consumption for North America.

Question 15

Geography is an element of the uncontrollable environment that confronts every marketer.

Question 16

In a sense,American history really began with Japan.

Question 17

The study of geography is important in the evaluation of markets and their enviroment.

Question 18

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine basically said,"Whatever is good for the United States is justifiable."

Question 19

A fundamental premise of American ideology reflects the importance of cooperation for the collective good.

Question 20

If a marketer is to interpret a culture's behavior and attitudes,it is essential to have some idea of a country's history and geography.

Question 21

The single most horrific civil war in the history of the world was the __________.

A)American Revolution
B)Taiping Rebellion
C)Boxer Rebellion
D)Hong Kong Revolution
E)Satsuma Rebellion

Question 22

A society's accepted basis for responding to external and internal events is associated with which of the following terms?

A)Geography
B)Culture
C)Social class
D)History
E)A national mission

Question 23

At present the global region with the lowest life expectancy age (50 years of age)is Africa.

Question 24

In recent years,most resident populations of countries around the world have accepted mass immigration as a positive population shift trend.

Question 25

History is:

A)written by events;recorded by reporters.
B)subjective;subject to writers' cultural biases.
C)controlled by political zealots.
D)ignored by the uninformed.
E)edited by newspapers;unedited for television

Question 26

The United States and Latin American governments agree it is necessary to forge a free trade zone of the Americas pact to offset the aggressive behavior of Europe.

Question 27

History helps define a nation's:

A)mission.
B)personality.
C)wealth.
D)birth rates.
E)geography.

Question 28

Effective communication eliminates the need for international marketing.

Question 29

All of the following permeate many facets of Japanese behavior EXCEPT:

A)loyalty to family.
B)the strong drive to cooperate.
C)the strong desire to work together for a common cause.
D)loyalty to company.
E)the desire to form partnerships with other nations.

Question 30

Priscilla Jackson is a noted historian of the feminist movement and believes that she writes objective facts about what she sees.However,like most historians,she is probably guilty of filtering events through her own ___________ biases.

A)class
B)social
C)cultural
D)physical
E)dimension

Question 31

Each revolution in electronic technology has had a profound effect on human condition,economic growth,and the manner in which commerce functions.

Question 32

When _____________ sailed to Japan in 1853,Japan was opened to the West for the first time.

A)Marco Polo
B)Admiral Halsey
C)Commodore Perry
D)Admiral Pennington
E)East India Company clipper-ships

Question 33

At present,one of the problems faced by the industrialized world is declining birth rates.

Question 34

By 2030,it is estimated that more than 60 percent of the world's population will live in urban areas.

Question 35

History helps define a nation's perspective of all of the following EXCEPT:

A)the nation's mission.
B)how the nation perceives its neighbors.
C)how the nation sees its place in the world.
D)how the nation sees itself.
E)how the nation manages its exports.

Question 36

Many industrialized countries are experiencing population declines as more women choose careers and more couples elect to remain childless.

Question 37

__________.

A)the poor British military defense of the colonies (against native American raids),the high British taxes on consumer goods
B)the prohibition of trade with merchants in Japan,the imposition of high British postage rates
C)the threat of higher British taxes,the imposition of British military draft on the colonies
D)the prohibition to trade directly with merchants in other nations,the restrictions on return travel to Britain
E)the imposition of high British taxes,the prohibition to trade directly with merchants in China

Question 38

___________ can be defined as a society's accepted basis for responding to external and internal events.

A)Geography
B)Culture
C)Social class
D)History
E)A national mission

Question 39

It is necessary to study a country's __________ and __________ to appreciate and understand that country's view of foreign cultures.

A)attitudes,geography
B)language,customs
C)government,stability
D)culture,history
E)behavior,language

Question 40

With respect to trade routes,Latin America has replaced almost all of their European trade routes because of the ease of trading with the United States and Canada.

Question 41

Manifest Destiny and ______________ were accepted as the basis for U.S.foreign policy during much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

A)the "big stick" approach
B)the Monroe Doctrine
C)the Hays Corollary
D)the Grant Mandate
E)Latin American Security Treaty

Question 42

All of the following have been U.S.interventions in Latin America since 1945 EXCEPT:

A)U.S.intervention in Afghanistan in 2002.
B)Popular Revolution was neutralized by U.S.economic pressure (1952).
C)CIA-organized invasion overthrows Arbenz (1954).
D)U.S.invasion to arrest President Noriega on charges of drug trafficking (1989).
E)U.S.attempts to thwart the election of Peron (1946).

Question 43

Geography is part of which of the following?

A)An organization's internal environment.
B)An organization's controllable external environment.
C)An organization's uncontrollable external environment.
D)An organization's parallel environment (controllable).
E)An organization's parallel environment (uncontrollable).

Question 44

Which of the following is the most accurate description of how U.S.citizens see the Monroe Doctrine?

A)The Monroe Doctrine justifies U.S.expansion into Latin America.
B)The Monroe Doctrine guarantees that communism cannot enter into Latin America.
C)The Monroe Doctrine is rather useless in expanding or protecting U.S.policies toward Latin America.
D)The Monroe Doctrine is so dated that became ineffective as a policy in the 1890s.
E)The Monroe Doctrine was seen as protection for Latin America from European colonization and the intervention of Europe in the governments of the Western Hemisphere.

Question 45

During which of the following engagements did the United States secure California and other parts of the West?

A)The Battle of San Jacinto.
B)The War of 1812.
C)The Mexican War of 1836.
D)The Mexican War of 1846-1848.
E)The Gadsden Purchase of 1912.

Question 46

The __________,a cornerstone of U.S.foreign policy,indicated that no further European colonization in the New World would be accepted.

A)Roosevelt Corollary
B)Monroe Doctrine
C)Hays Corollary
D)Wilson Policy Position
E)Manifest Destiny

Question 47

The study of the earth's surface,climate,continents,countries,peoples,industries,and resources is called:

A)culture.
B)geography.
C)cartography.
D)demography.
E)geo-politics.

Question 48

All of the following occurred during the Mexican Revolution EXCEPT:

A)The overthrow of dictator Diaz.
B)The modern Mexican state was launched.
C)Foreigners were expelled.
D)North American businessmen,who were the most visible of the wealthy and influential entrepreneurs in Mexico,were expelled.
E)France provided arms and supplies to the revolutionaries.

Question 49

Theodore Roosevelt applied the Monroe Doctrine with an extension that became known as the:

A)Manifest Destiny.
B)Hay Corollary.
C)Wilson Mandate.
D)Gadsden Policy Position.
E)Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 50

____________ is the study of the earth's surface,climate,continents,countries,peoples,industries,and resources.

A)Culture
B)Geography
C)Cartography
D)Demography
E)Geo-politics

Question 51

___________ and the Monroe Doctrine were accepted as the basis for U.S.foreign policy during much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

A)The "big stick" approach
B)Manifest Destiny
C)The Hays Corollary
D)The Grant Mandate
E)Latin American Security Treaty

Question 52

_____________,in its broadest interpretation,meant that Americans were a chosen people ordained by God to create a model society.

A)The Roosevelt Corollary
B)The Monroe Doctrine
C)The Hays Corollary
D)The Grant Mandate
E)The "Manifest Destiny"

Question 53

During the Mexican-American War,the ___________,an Irish-American battalion,fought for the Mexicans against the United States.

A)San Patricios
B)Irish Republican Guard
C)Tex-Mexicans
D)Runaways
E)None of the above

Question 54

What was the overall end result of The Mexican War of 1846-1848?

A)Mexico was forced to cede a large part of its territory to the United States.
B)Mexico signed a non-aggression pact and borders stayed the same as they were before the war.
C)Mexico gave up California and the U.S.gave up Baja California.
D)Mexico paid the U.S.$5 million for war damages.
E)The United States was forced to sign a pledge to never again invade Mexico.

Question 55

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the feelings of most Mexicans towards the United States (according to information presented in the text)?

A)In general,Mexicans trust and favor the United States above other trading partners.
B)In general,Mexicans trust and favor Europeans over the United States.
C)Mexicans see the United States as a protector that will aid them in emerging as a world power in the twenty-first century.
D)Mexicans see the United States as a threat to their political,economic,and cultural independence.
E)Mexicans see the United States as a land of abundant opportunity and good fortune.

Question 56

All of the following were used by the United States to expand westward toward the Pacific in the 1800s EXCEPT:

A)financial deals.
B)negotiated settlements.
C)forcible annexations.
D)WTO rulings
E)Manifest Destiny.

Question 57

The manner in which the United States acquired the land for the Panama Canal Zone typifies _________________--whatever is good for the United States is justifiable.

A)Manifest Destiny.
B)Hay Corollary.
C)Wilson Mandate.
D)Gadsden Policy Position.
E)Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 58

All of the following were considered to be integral parts of the Monroe Doctrine EXCEPT:

A)no further European colonization in the New World.
B)abstention of the U.S.from European political affairs.
C)nonintervention of European governments in the governments of the Western Hemisphere.
D)European governments must pay an "entrance tax" to the U.S.if trade was to occur with the Western Hemisphere.
E)The United States would police Latin American nations.

Question 59

A world map sold in the United States shows the United States in the center of the page and the rest of the world surrounds it.A world map sold in England shows Great Britain at the center.Which of the following phrases best describes how these differences might occur?

A)The mapmakers are wrong in their perception of the world.
B)The mapmakers are expressing cultural bias and self-reference criterion perspective.
C)The mapmakers have been told what to draw by their respective governments.
D)The mapmakers have recognized the truth about geography.
E)The mapmakers are idiots and should be corrected.

Question 60

What policy was used to justify the American intervention in the Dominican Republic in 1905?

A)Manifest Destiny.
B)Hay Corollary.
C)Wilson Mandate.
D)Gadsden Policy Position.
E)Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 61

A treaty among members of the ____________ requires a total ban on the export of hazardous wastes by developed nations.

A)The United Nations
B)The Basel Convention
C)NAFTA
D)The European Union
E)The Soviet Bloc

Question 62

With respect to global population trends,all of the following help to determine today's demand for various categories of goods EXCEPT:

A)infant deaths.
B)current population.
C)rural/urban population shifts.
D)rates of growth.
E)age levels.

Question 63

Which of the following agreed to a total ban on the export of hazardous wastes by developing nations?

A)The United Nations
B)The Basel Convention
C)NAFTA
D)The European Union
E)The Soviet Bloc

Question 64

Which of the following is considered to be a by-product of pollution controls?

A)corporate responsibility
B)evading responsibility
C)the disposal of hazardous waste
D)increased labeling of products
E)increasing advertising to explain environmental policies

Question 65

Geographical features can pose serious impediments to __________ and __________.

A)economic growth;trade
B)government policy;trade
C)corporate executives;labor unions
D)chaos management;controllable events
E)natural bridges;railways

Question 66

The English Channel tunnel,the Chunnel,built to facilitate trade with other EU members,has also been used by __________ to enter the United Kingdom.

A)undocumented workers
B)unemployed people
C)protestants
D)trade unions
E)invading armies

Question 67

Larry Lam has the responsibility of doing a geographic appraisal for his company as it attempts to build a manufacturing facility in Borneo.Which of the following elements of geography would NOT be of particular interest to Mr.Lam as he prepares an appraisal of the feasibility of a venture in this tropical country?

A)Altitude
B)Humidity
C)Temperature extremes
D)Climate
E)Latitude.

Question 68

The availability of ___________ and the ability to generate energy are the foundations of modern technology.

A)minerals
B)money
C)patents
D)labor
E)the Internet

Question 69

The term that best describes the process of wherein governments and multinational corporations agree that wise resource management and equitable distribution of benefits from the process of economic development is in everyone's best interest is called:

A)parallel development.
B)global development.
C)sustainable development.
D)restricted development.
E)biased development.

Question 70

Consumers in which of the following continents or geographical areas consume the least part of total world energy consumption?

A)Africa
B)Middle East
C)South America
D)Eastern Europe
E)Developing Asia

Question 71

Most population experts predict that the world population will continue to grow.What is the expected population of the world by the year 2050?

A)3.5 billion
B)4.2 billion
C)6 billion
D)7.3 billion
E)9 billion

Question 72

As the global rush toward industrialization and economic growth accelerates,environmental issues become:

A)more apparent.
B)less important.
C)easier to solve.
D)the responsibility of governments to solve.
E)none of the above adequately completes the sentence.

Question 73

An important factor in the evaluation of a nation's markets and environment is the study of its __________.

A)ocean currents
B)alliances
C)food production
D)health care
E)geography

Question 74

______________ is the concept that guides many governments and multinational companies with respect to the wise use of resources and economic benefits.

A)Parallel development
B)Global development
C)Sustainable development
D)Restricted development
E)Biased development

Question 75

Mary Blankenship has just written her congresswoman complaining about the high taxes imposed on her by her government.To quote Mary,"I don't see why I should have to pay taxes to clean up the environment.I didn't dirty it up.I am environmentally conscious.Tax those that are not." Which of the following statements most likely is being used by Mary to justify her response to the congressman?

A)Many people view ecological problems as a global issue rather than a national issue (an isolationist view).
B)Many people believe that the problem is minimal,not requiring urgent action.
C)Many people believe that cleaning the environment is everyone's responsibility (a responsibility view).
D)Many people believe that the rich should pay for everything (a wealth-class issue or view).
E)Many people believe that most environmental issues have little basis in fact and consequently irrevelant.

Question 76

Clean drinking water made available to more than 1000 rural villages in Africa is attributed to __________.

A)the implementation of universal health care
B)innovative,patented,rain-maker pumps
C)the increase in foreign aid
D)building water treatment plants
E)innovative,patented,merry-go-round water pumps

Question 77

Disruption of ecosystems,relocation of people,inadequate hazardous waste management,and industrial pollution are mostly by-products of:

A)U.S.expansion.
B)European expansion.
C)lack of resources to solve problems.
D)processes that have contributed significantly to economic development and lifestyles.
E)modern flamboyant lifestyles.

Question 78

The saga of the Khian Sea illustrates the problem of:

A)survival of the fittest.
B)toxic wastes as a by-product of economic and technological growth.
C)the global community is not a neighborhood.
D)Manifest Destiny.
E)international irresponsibility.

Question 79

Which of the following statements would best complete the statement that "countries that suffer the most from major calamities are:"?

A)"usually at fault."
B)"usually helped by neighbors to overcome the difficulties."
C)"usually among those that are prepared to handle such difficulties."
D)"usually among the poorest in the world."
E)"usually victims of geography."

Question 80

All of the following have the tendency to propel less-privileged countries into further economic stagnation EXCEPT:

A)religious practices.
B)climate and topography.
C)civil wars.
D)natural disasters.
E)poor environmental policies.