Deck 10: Followers and the Leadership Process

Question 1

According to Sanford,leadership is a relation that is determined by psychological factors in the follower as well as in the leader.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to Dirks,trust in teammates was highly significant after controlling for other variables,and trust in a partner has major effects on the performance of the group or dyad.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The study conducted by Greene provided strong indications that subordinate performance is unrelated to leader emphasis on consideration.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Elected officials who fail to perform to expectations have been found to be less vulnerable to criticism than appointed leaders.

Question 5

Because positive or negative outcomes are more likely to be attributed to the leader,he/she is more readily faulted or removed when things go wrong.

Question 6

In one view,transformational leadership can be seen as an extension of participative leadership.

Question 7

In 1987,Maccoby made the essential point that the style that gets the leadership position is the same as what is required for effectiveness later.

Question 8

Trust in leadership is cited as one means by which transformational leadership operates.

Question 9

Fleishman and Harris found consideration to be an important moderator variable of the leader structure-group performance relationship.

Question 10

Most often,leader behavior stems from the presumed effect of the leader's behavior on his subordinates' performance and job satisfaction.

Question 11

According to Sanford,who will become leader will depend on the pattern of follower needs and the level of submissiveness of the follower.

Question 12

Trust in leadership is least meaningful in teams if the leader has the most formal power on the team,causing others to be vulnerable to him/her.

Question 13

Edwin P.Hollander,in his study,found that the leader-follower relationship is independent of the perceptions,misperceptions,and self-oriented biases of the followers and the leader.

Question 14

In leadership,credit applies to attributions of a leader's intentions,expectations of action,and likely consequences.

Question 15

Most psychological researches on leadership have been concerned with the traits of followers.

Question 16

Self-monitoring refers to the ability to monitor and control one's expressive behaviors.

Question 17

LMX theory,as presented by George Graen and his colleagues,examines the follower-leader working relationship from a transactional perspective.

Question 18

Emphasis on power suggests that a follower would want a powerful leader to keep him/her safe.

Question 19

Those who are low on Machiavellianism see the world in manipulative and power-oriented terms and look for situations where he/she can gain control,especially where there is low or less structure.

Question 20

An individual's possession of all the right traits,skills,and abilities and engagement in the right behaviors does not make that individual a leader unless he/she is perceived as a leader.

Question 21

According to Sanford,the _____ is always there when leadership occurs because he/she is the one who accepts or rejects leadership.

A)owner
B)manager
C)administrator
D)follower

Question 22

The Greene study found that low performance by a subordinate caused the leader to engage in:

A)more consideration.
B)more structuring behavior.
C)less consideration.
D)less structuring behavior.

Question 23

_____ occurs when the role of the leader is neither functionally significant nor clearly defined.

A)Leadership by objectives
B)Leadership by default
C)Leadership by design
D)Accidental leadership

Question 24

Readiness for leadership is associated with _____ of followers.

A)physical attributes
B)procedural preferences
C)psychological attributes
D)behavioral norms

Question 25

In the transactional view:

A)the leader gives benefits to followers.
B)the leader abstains from rewarding followers.
C)followers have low self-esteem.
D)followers are less responsive to leaders.

Question 26

Those high on _____ see the world in manipulative and power-oriented terms and look for situations where they can gain control.

A)collectivism
B)Machiavellianism
C)achievement orientation
D)authoritarianism

Question 27

_____ refers to the degree to which a leader expresses a positive,indifferent,or negative attitude toward a subordinate.

A)Initiating structure
B)Compensation
C)Reinforcement
D)Consideration

Question 28

In the Sanford study,_____ refers to the respondent's emphasis on a leader's "payoff."

A)emphasis on function
B)personal warmth
C)material dependency
D)emphasis on power

Question 29

The study on follower's role in leadership phenomena by Sanford considers leadership as a(n):

A)process.
B)skill.
C)arrangement.
D)relation.

Question 30

_____ refers to the manner in which decisions are made,highlighting the amount of influence exercised by the leader and followers.

A)Organizational culture
B)Consideration
C)Decision centralization
D)Initiating structure

Question 31

In the Sanford study,the variable chosen was degree of:

A)consideration.
B)authoritarianism.
C)initiating structure.
D)material dependency.

Question 32

In which view of leadership does the leader give benefits to followers,who reciprocate through heightened esteem for and responsiveness to the leader?

A)Charismatic view
B)Traditional view
C)Servant view
D)Transactional view

Question 33

In the idiosyncrasy credit model,leadership is viewed as a:

A)dynamic process of the traits and beliefs of leaders.
B)static process of interpersonal evaluation.
C)dynamic process of interpersonal evaluation.
D)static process of the traits and beliefs of leaders.

Question 34

According to Fleishman and Harris,supervisors with _____ could increase structure without adverse effects on grievances and turnover.

A)low structure
B)high consideration
C)low locus of control
D)low consideration

Question 35

The cross-lagged panel correlational technique and the dynamic correlational analysis are the two methods used for _____ data collection.

A)conceptual
B)vertical
C)temporal
D)longitudinal

Question 36

Which of the following statements supports the assumptions of the implicit leadership theory?

A)People develop and use a mental model to define for them who a leader is and what leadership entails.
B)A leader who possesses the basic traits of leadership such as intelligence and cognitive ability is likely to be accepted.
C)Leader characteristics and adaptability are more important to leadership effectiveness than follower perception.
D)A person who possesses multiple skills and abilities is more likely to succeed as a leader.

Question 37

In the Sanford study,the tendency of the respondents to think of the leader's functioning as a leader of a democratic country was referred to as:

A)emphasis on function.
B)emphasis on power.
C)material dependency.
D)personal warmth.

Question 38

When a high-level leader-member exchange relationship exists:

A)the leader completely delegates his responsibilities to suitable subordinates.
B)followers perceive themselves as having a good working relationship with their leader.
C)leaders and followers enjoy the same level of power and authority.
D)decision making becomes more structured and the team attains increased discipline.

Question 39

_____ are seen as the key linking past performance and future performance according to Hollander.

A)Behavioral tendencies
B)Customer perceptions
C)Follower perceptions
D)Leader perceptions

Question 40

The path-goal theory of leadership suggests that leader participatory behavior is satisfying for followers with a(n):

A)extraverted personality.
B)achievement-oriented personality.
C)nonauthoritarian personality.
D)authoritarian personality.

Question 41

Explain the three different dimensions of leader behavior with reference to Yukl's behavioral theory of leadership.

Question 42

_____ is alertness to the surrounding environment and an understanding of situations.

A)Social perceptiveness
B)Social equity
C)Self-monitoring
D)Self-controlling

Question 43

Explain the role of follower attributions about leaders.

Question 44

Most empirical studies seem to conceptualize and measure _____ as an expectation or belief that one can rely on another person's actions and words and/or that the person has good intentions toward oneself.

A)collaboration
B)orientation
C)trust
D)locus of control

Question 45

Explain the concept of "idiosyncrasy credit" (IC) model of leadership.

Question 46

Which of the following is a potential damage for a leader with charismatic appeal?

A)The leader may not be very effective in influencing followers.
B)The leader does not care much for organizational performance.
C)The leader could involve in self-sacrifice,leading to dissatisfaction.
D)The leader has narcissistic needs for continual approval from others.

Question 47

_____ are likely to shape expectations about future outcomes,especially in an uncertain environment.

A)Observations of past outcomes
B)Skills and abilities of followers
C)Skills and abilities of leaders
D)Statistical projections on industry

Question 48

In one view,transformational leadership can be seen as an extension of _____ leadership with greater leader intensity and follower arousal.

A)servant
B)transactional
C)authoritarian
D)participative

Question 49

Discuss the idea that leadership is a relation between leader and follower.

Question 50

Explain the relationship between consideration and performance with reference to the study conducted by Greene.