Deck 29: Blessed Are the Peacemakers

Question 1

A goal that overrides people's differences from one another is called a(n)

A) superior goal.
B) superordinate goal.
C) ingroup goal.
D) independent goal.

Answer 1

superordinate goal.

Question 2

Through the use of _______,Muzafer Sherif made enemies into friends.

A) contact
B) superordinate goals
C) bargaining
D) conciliation

Answer 2

superordinate goals

Question 3

_______ occurs when conflicted parties seek an agreement through direct negotiation.

A) Bargaining
B) Amelioration
C) Mediation
D) Arbitration

Answer 3

Bargaining

Question 4

Motto and Yoko are roommates and are experiencing a conflict about what type of cable television service is within their budget.They negotiate by having Yoko,who wanted a more expensive service,pay the remainder of the bill after both of them have paid for half of the cost of the less expensive service.What form of communication did Motto and Yoko use to resolve their conflict?

A) bargaining
B) amelioration
C) mediation
D) arbitration

Question 5

Dovidio,Gaertner,et al.found that working cooperatively has especially favorable effects when

A) conditions lead people to define a new, inclusive group that eliminates former subgroups.
B) members of the same race are working together.
C) the group is made up of at least 3 different races.
D) the outcome impacts others outside the immediate group.

Question 6

According to conflict researchers,you are more likely to divulge your needs and concerns if your relationship with your partner includes

A) mediation.
B) trust.
C) passion.
D) the threat of withdrawal.

Question 7

In order for contact between opposing racial groups to reduce conflict,the contact must

A) occur in a zero-sum context.
B) be structured to confer equal status on both races.
C) temporarily award superior status to the minority group.
D) be mediated by a third party.

Question 8

Aronson's jigsaw technique involved having elementary school children

A) study in small, racially mixed teams and then compete with other teams in a class tournament.
B) form academically and racially diverse groups with each member of the group becoming an expert in one area.
C) role-play being members of another race for two-week periods.
D) take turns telling each other about their family backgrounds in small-group discussions.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the four C's of peacemaking identified in the text?

A) contact
B) correction
C) conciliation
D) communication

Question 10

Which of the following is false?

A) The more contact straight people have with gays and lesbians, the more accepting they become.
B) The more friendly contact Blacks and Whites have with one another, the worse their attitudes toward outgroups such as Hispanics.
C) The more contact Dutch adolescents have with Muslims, the more accepting of Muslims they are.
D) Vicarious indirect contact can lead to reduced prejudice.

Question 11

_______ occurs when a neutral third party attempts to facilitate communication and offer suggestions for how to resolve a conflict.

A) Bargaining
B) Amelioration
C) Mediation
D) Arbitration

Question 12

A mediator seeks to achieve a mutually beneficial resolution by having the parties adopt a _______ orientation.

A) carefree
B) win-lose
C) win-win
D) submissive

Question 13

After their town was ravaged by a disastrous tornado,two rival community groups set aside their differences and worked together on repairing the damage.This cooperation best illustrates the importance of

A) mediation.
B) the GRIT strategy.
C) superordinate goals.
D) the jigsaw technique.

Question 14

For Blacks,the most noticeable consequence of desegregated schooling is

A) very short-term improvements of interracial relations.
B) a reduced likelihood of attending primarily White colleges.
C) the increased likelihood of living and working in integrated settings.
D) a more favorable self-image.

Question 15

Mediators seek to establish _______ agreements that reconcile both parties' interests to their mutual benefit.

A) arbitrated
B) integrative
C) mirror-image
D) zero-sum

Question 16

_______ occurs when a neutral third party studies a conflict and imposes a settlement.

A) Bargaining
B) Amelioration
C) Mediation
D) Arbitration

Question 17

Ahmed and Fatima,two teenage siblings,are fighting over the evening newspaper.Knowing Ahmed only wants the sports section and Fatima only wants the latest stock quotations,their mother takes the paper and gives each the section containing the news of interest.In this case the mother arrived at a(n)

A) mutual compromise.
B) cooperative settlement.
C) enlightened consensus.
D) integrative agreement.

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates a superordinate goal?

A) A college student who has been failing English gets an "A" on a paper.
B) A woman beats her husband at tennis.
C) Apartment dwellers install a television antenna they can all use.
D) An obese person loses 20 pounds in two weeks.

Question 19

Surveys of nearly 4000 Europeans revealed that an important factor in determining whether attitudes toward a minority group will become more favorable is whether

A) one has a friend who is a member of that minority group.
B) the minority group tends to be submissive.
C) the minority group has a history of significant accomplishment.
D) the language of the minority group can be easily mastered.

Question 20

Vivian and Pearl,who have been a couple for many years,are having a conflict they have been unable to resolve,so they make an appointment with a counselor.The counselor helps facilitate communication between Vivian and Pearl,and offers suggestions for dealing with future conflicts.What form of communication have they used to resolve their conflict?

A) bargaining
B) amelioration
C) mediation
D) arbitration

Question 21

Define and provide an example of each of the C's of peacemaking.

Question 22

According to the text,the goal of a third-party mediator is to "enable conflicting parties to make concessions and still save face." What are the strategies that a mediator can use to achieve this goal?

Question 23

advises negotiators to exhibit?

A) fairness
B) firmness
C) friendliness
D) sympathy

Question 24

Describe a program that you might design to reduce prejudice between the Soris and the Talins,two fictitious and competitive groups.

Question 25

GRIT strategy?

A) Build up first-strike capability to negotiate from a position of strength.
B) Announce your conciliatory intent.
C) Carry out several verifiable conciliatory acts.
D) Maintain retaliatory capability.

Question 26

David and Julie fought over what to name their new puppy,until finally they went to their children for a decision.David and Julie relied on _______ to resolve their conflict.

A) mediation
B) bargaining
C) conciliation
D) arbitration

Question 27

GRIT strategy is an alternative that best fits into the _______ category of the "four C's of peacemaking."

A) contact
B) conciliation
C) communication
D) correction

Question 28

Define and provide an example of GRIT.

Question 29

Factory workers want a pay rate of $15 per hour and management offers $12 per hour.After weeks of conflict,they agree to have a third party set the pay scale.After hearing both sides,the third party sets the rate at $14.This is an example of resolving conflict through

A) bargaining.
B) arbitration.
C) mediation.
D) conciliation.

Question 30

Why do common external threats and superordinate goals both lead to greater cooperation between conflicting parties?

Question 31

Disputing groups usually prefer to settle their differences

A) with arbitration.
B) without mediation.
C) without arbitration.
D) without bargaining.

Question 32

When will desegregation be most likely to lead to improved race relations and when will it not?

Question 33

Explain how couples can fight constructively.