Deck 11: Cardiovascular Health

Question 1

Which blood pressure reading would be considered healthy for a young adult?

A) 110/80
B) 120/88
C) 135/92
D) 144/90

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Why is excess cholesterol hazardous to health?

A) It is deposited in fat cells.
B) It is deposited on artery walls.
C) It is deposited in cell membranes.
D) It is deposited around nerves.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the leading cause of death in the United States?

A) unintentional injuries
B) cancer
C) cardiovascular disease (CVD)
D) AIDS

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What may sustained high blood pressure indicate?

A) emotional stress
B) heart strength
C) increased resistance to arterial blood flow
D) an unhealthy ratio of HDLs to LDLs

Question 5

What are the six major risk factors for cardiovascular disease that people can change?

A) tobacco use, high blood pressure, diabetes, stress, physical inactivity, and heredity
B) high blood pressure, obesity, high triglyceride levels, chronic infection, hostility, and tobacco use
C) elevated cholesterol levels, tobacco use, high blood pressure, obesity, physical inactivity, and diabetes
D) physical inactivity, high blood pressure, high triglyceride levels, elevated cholesterol levels, high homocysteine levels, and obesity

Question 6

For adults,blood pressure is diagnosed at a level of ?______ or above.

A) 120/80
B) 130/85
C) 140/90
D) 150/95

Question 7

How often does the National Cholesterol Education Program recommend that adults have lipoprotein levels measured?

A) every year
B) every 2 years
C) every 5 years
D) every 10 years

Question 8

What is the form of blood fat that carries cholesterol out from the liver to other parts of the body?

A) low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
B) high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
C) very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
D) triglyceride

Question 9

Which diet should a person with high blood pressure choose?

A) a diet high in prepared meals
B) a diet with much red meat
C) a diet heavy in fruits and grains
D) a diet with salted foods

Question 10

What is the maximum amount of sodium that people with hypertension,African Americans,and middle-aged and older adults should consume?

A) 1,000 mg per day
B) 1,500 mg per day
C) 3,000 mg per day
D) 4,000 mg per day

Question 11

What is a desirable level of total cholesterol for adults?

A) between 210 and 240 mg/dl
B) less than 200 mg/dl
C) between 160 and 180 mg/dl
D) between 100 and 140 mg/dl

Question 12

Which cholesterol profile would place someone at greatest risk for heart disease?

A) low HDL and low LDL
B) high HDL and high LDL
C) low HDL and high LDL
D) high HDL and low LDL

Question 13

How does smoking affect the cardiovascular system?

A) It decreases blood clotting.
B) It decreases heart rate.
C) It increases the amount of oxygen.
D) It increases blood pressure.

Question 14

Which form of cholesterol shuttles cholesterol back to the liver for recycling?

A) low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
B) triglycerides
C) high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
D) saturated fat

Question 15

How does smoking harm the cardiovascular system?

A) Smoking decreases the adhesiveness of platelets.
B) Smoking decreases plaque formation.
C) Smoking decreases blood pressure.
D) Smoking reduces the level of high-density lipoproteins.

Question 16

Which of the following cardiovascular disease (CVD)risk factors are NOT modifiable?

A) family history of CVD
B) cigarette smoking
C) cholesterol levels
D) physical inactivity

Question 17

Approximately how many non-smokers die of heart disease each year due to exposure to ETS (environmental tobacco smoke)?

A) 35,000
B) 46,000
C) 57,000
D) 68,000

Question 18

What are the symptoms of hypertension?

A) evening headaches
B) morning dry mouth
C) bulging veins in the neck
D) There are no symptoms.

Question 19

How does exercise alter blood fat levels?

A) It raises LDL levels.
B) It raises triglyceride levels.
C) It raises HDL levels.
D) It lowers HDL levels.

Question 20

What is a desirable level of HDL for adults?

A) between 10 and 20 mg/dl
B) between 30 and 40 mg/dl
C) between 50 and 60mg/dl
D) 60 mg/dl or more

Question 21

From where does the heart muscle receive its blood supply?

A) vena cava
B) left ventricle
C) pulmonary veins
D) coronary arteries

Question 22

What causes the body to release C-reactive protein into the bloodstream?

A) free radicals
B) antioxidants
C) inflammation
D) phytochemicals

Question 23

What occurs when a coronary artery is completely blocked?

A) a heart attack
B) angina
C) arrhythmia
D) an obstructive embolism

Question 24

Which is a treatment for heart disease?

A) angina pectoris
B) balloon angioplasty
C) electrocardiogram
D) angiogram

Question 25

Which statement about gender and CVD is true?

A) In the United States, CVD is the leading killer of men but not of women.
B) Estrogen may offer premenopausal women some protection against CVD.
C) Before age 55, the incidence of hypertension is higher in women than in men.
D) Women are more likely than men to have classic heart attack symptoms like chest pain.

Question 26

What type of stroke does a ruptured blood vessel cause?

A) hemorrhagic stroke
B) myocardial infarction
C) ischemic stroke
D) pulmonary edema

Question 27

What is atherosclerosis in an artery supplying blood to the heart called?

A) coronary heart disease
B) arrhythmia
C) coronary thrombosis
D) coronary embolism

Question 28

Cardiovascular disease risk is greatest for people who tend to store body fat in what part of the body?

A) abdomen
B) hips
C) thighs
D) shoulders

Question 29

What is an arrhythmia?

A) an irregular heartbeat
B) a ruptured blood vessel
C) a blood clot found near the heart
D) another name for high blood pressure

Question 30

What is the recommended level of triglycerides for adults?

A) less than 150 mg/dl
B) 150-199 mg/dl
C) 200-499 mg/dl or more
D) 500 mg/dl or more

Question 31

At what age does the incidence of stroke more than double for each successive decade of life?

A) 45
B) 55
C) 65
D) 75

Question 32

What is the cause of most sudden cardiac deaths?

A) low blood pressure
B) blocked cerebral arteries
C) arrhythmia
D) coronary thrombosis

Question 33

Which statement is true about triglycerides?

A) Elevated levels link to low blood glucose levels.
B) Their normal level in the blood is 400 mg/dl.
C) They help to protect against heart disease.
D) They can be reduced with physical activity and weight loss.

Question 34

Which problem does blockage of blood supply to the brain cause?

A) a heart attack
B) angina pectoris
C) high blood pressure
D) a stroke

Question 35

Which psychological trait is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk?

A) anger
B) ambition
C) aggressiveness
D) submissiveness

Question 36

Which device measures the electrical activity of the heart and detects the presence of heart disease.

A) electrocardiograms
B) magnetic resonance imaging
C) echocardiograms
D) bioelectrical impedance analysis

Question 37

Which risk factor signals a potential for CVD?

A) high HDL
B) inflamed ankles
C) insulin resistance
D) low triglycerides

Question 38

Which defines atherosclerosis?

A) It is sustained, abnormally high blood pressure.
B) It is the heart's inability to maintain its regular pumping force.
C) It is thickening of artery walls by deposit of fatty substances.
D) It is severe chest pain caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart.

Question 39

What is the most common symptom associated with angina pectoris?

A) nausea
B) shortness of breath
C) irregular heartbeat
D) tightness in the chest

Question 40

Which statement regarding homocysteine is true?

A) It is a type of cholesterol.
B) Levels are higher in women than in men.
C) It helps repair the linings of arteries.
D) It may damage the lining of blood vessels.

Question 41

Which symptom is a warning sign of a heart attack?

A) headache
B) blurred sight
C) sudden confusion
D) nausea or vomiting

Question 42

What dietary change could help prevent cardiovascular disease?

A) Increase the intake of foods high in soluble fiber.
B) Increase the intake of foods high in saturated fat.
C) Increase the intake of foods high in coconut oil.
D) Increase the intake of foods high in simple sugars.

Question 43

High blood pressure has obvious early warning signs.

Question 44

Effective ways to handle stress and anger do NOT include

A) developing a plan to manage the key stressors in your life.
B) handling your anger by holding it in.
C) committing to meditating daily.
D) shoring up your social support network.

Question 45

What is the number-one risk factor for heart disease that people can control?

A) smoking
B) inactivity
C) elevated cholesterol
D) high blood pressure

Question 46

Cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen available to the body.

Question 47

Cigarette smoke causes the blood to be thinner and clot more slowly.

Question 48

Smoking raises levels of HDL cholesterol in the blood.

Question 49

For heart health,what should make up the majority of fat in the diet?

A) saturated fats
B) trans fats
C) hydrogenated fats
D) unsaturated fats

Question 50

The six major risk factors for cardiovascular disease that can be changed are tobacco use,high blood pressure,obesity,unhealthy cholesterol levels,diabetes,and physical inactivity.

Question 51

Long-term exposure to environmental tobacco smoke has been shown to increase a person's risk for cardiovascular disease.

Question 52

A blood pressure of 120/80 is classified as healthy.

Question 53

At what age should cholesterol testing begin?

A) 20
B) 35
C) 50
D) 65

Question 54

What percentage of saturated fat calories does the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)recommend for most people?

A) 10% or less of total calories
B) 11% to 15% of total calories
C) 16% to 25% of total calories
D)265% or more of total calories

Question 55

What is the definition of congestive heart failure?

A) sustained abnormally high blood pressure
B) thickening of artery walls by deposits of fatty substances
C) a condition resulting from the heart's inability to maintain its regular pumping force
D) severe chest pain caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart

Question 56

LDL cholesterol is the less healthy form of cholesterol.

Question 57

What limit on total dietary fat intake does the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)recommend?

A) 15% of total calories
B) 30% of total calories
C) 55% of total calories
D) 85% of total calories

Question 58

How often should people who do not have CVD risk factors have their blood pressure measured?

A) once a month
B) once a year
C) once every 2 years
D) once every 5 years

Question 59

People with hypertension should aim to consume no more than 1,500 mg of sodium per day.

Question 60

Which food is a good source of dietary fiber?

A) meats
B) fish
C) eggs
D) legumes

Question 61

Homocysteine levels in the blood can be reduced by eating more fruits and vegetables.

Question 62

Strokes may be caused either by a blood clot or by a ruptured blood vessel.

Question 63

List the six primary controllable risk factors for CVD.For each,list one lifestyle strategy for reducing the associated risk.

Question 64

The optimal level of total cholesterol in adults is less than 200 mg/dl.

Question 65

Physical activity has direct and indirect benefits for cardiovascular health.

Question 66

CVD risk increases as a person's HDL level increases.

Question 67

Most heart attacks begin with sudden and intense symptoms.

Question 68

When women have heart attacks,they are more likely than men to die within a year.

Question 69

Hormone replacement therapy is recommended for menopausal women to reduce their risk for CVD.

Question 70

Exercise is one way of controlling high blood pressure.

Question 71

The effects of hostility on CVD risk are not apparent until people are over age 50.

Question 72

A victim of a heart attack is recommended to chew and swallow one adult aspirin tablet.

Question 73

People of low socioeconomic status and low educational attainment have a lower risk of CVD than people of higher socioeconomic status.

Question 74

Exercise can help reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease by decreasing blood pressure and increasing HDL levels.

Question 75

Fat that collects in the abdomen is associated with a lower CVD risk than fat that collects around the hips.

Question 76

Describe the major forms of blood fats - cholesterol,low-density lipoproteins,high-density lipoproteins,triglycerides.Discuss their role in the body,and give a healthy value for each.

Question 77

The number-one risk factor for cardiovascular disease that people can control is smoking.

Question 78

A diet high in fiber can help reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease by trapping bile acids so that the liver produces less cholesterol.

Question 79

HDL levels greater than 60 mg/dl are optimal.

Question 80

People with pre-diabetes are at increased risk for experiencing CVD.