Deck 10: Stress

Question 1

Which is a definition for the term stressor?

A) any physical or psychological event that produces stress
B) the nonspecific response of the body to any demand
C) the physical and emotional changes associated with stress
D) an unpleasant stress state believed to cause illness

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which body functions increase during the fight-or-flight reaction?

A) slow-twitch muscles
B) cognitive dissonance
C) digestion
D) blood sugar levels

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which is an example of a stressor?

A) sweating palms
B) getting a flat tire
C) release of endorphins
D) flushed face

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What can create stress?

A) negative situations.
B) pleasurable challenges.
C) achievement of goals.
D) All answer choices are correct.

Question 5

Which is an effective response to stress?

A) using tobacco
B) drinking alcohol
C) taking drugs
D) learning new time-management skills

Question 6

Which is the best definition of the sympathetic division?

A) a division of the autonomic nervous system that activates during times of arousal, including exercise, severe pain, anger, or fear
B) a part of the brain that activates, controls, and integrates autonomic mechanisms, endocrine activities, and many bodily functions
C) a division of the autonomic nervous system that is in control when a person relaxes; it aids in digesting food, storing energy, and promoting growth
D) the branch of the peripheral nervous system that governs motor functions and sensory information; it is largely under conscious control

Question 7

Which statement describes people with hardy personalities?

A) They have a strong external locus of control.
B) They have more intense reactions to stressors.
C) They view stressors as challenges.
D) They do not feel in control of their lives.

Question 8

When the body begins releasing endorphins,the heart rate accelerates and hearing and vision become more acute.What is the term for this?

A) the fight-or-flight reaction
B) homeostasis
C) somatic nervous system reaction
D) adaptive energy response

Question 9

Which personality trait seems to enable people to deal more successfully with stress?

A) hardiness
B) excitability
C) cynicism
D) hostility

Question 10

A person who has difficulty expressing emotions,suppresses anger,and feels hopeless has characteristics of which personality type?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type C
D) Type D

Question 11

Which is true of the endocrine system?

A) It affects body functions through the release of hormones.
B) It controls body functions through effective responses.
C) It is a combination of autonomic and somatic nerves.
D) It is a combination of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of an effective response to stress?

A) overeating
B) laughing
C) talking
D) meditating

Question 13

Which is a definition of homeostasis?

A) A state in which vital functions of the body are increased.
B) A state in which vital functions of the body are maintained at a normal level.
C) A state in which vital functions of the body are decreased.
D) A state in which some body functions increase while others decrease.

Question 14

Which is the best definition of the parasympathetic division?

A) a division of the autonomic nervous system that activates during times of arousal, including exercise, severe pain, anger, or fear
B) a part of the brain that activates, controls, and integrates autonomic mechanisms, endocrine activities, and many bodily functions
C) a division of the autonomic nervous system that is in control when a person relaxes; it aids in digesting food, storing energy, and promoting growth
D) the branch of the peripheral nervous system that governs motor functions and sensory information; it is largely under conscious control

Question 15

What does the somatic nervous system manage?

A) conscious actions
B) emotions
C) the fight-or-flight reaction to a stressor
D) hormones released in response to a stressor

Question 16

How is stress best defined?

A) a physical response to an unpleasant event
B) the physical and emotional state associated with the stress response
C) perception of one's circumstances
D) adaptation to an event, perceived or real

Question 17

Which nervous systems is involved in deciding to go for a walk to cope with stress?

A) autonomic
B) sympathetic
C) parasympathetic
D) somatic

Question 18

Which term best fits a Type A personality?

A) patient
B) relaxed
C) high-achieving
D) passive

Question 19

Which describes a person with a Type B personality?

A) ultracompetitive
B) contemplative
C) hostile
D) controlling

Question 20

Which is a definition for the term stress response?

A) any physical or psychological event that produces stress
B) the nonspecific response of the body to any demand
C) the physical and emotional changes associated with stress
D) an unpleasant stress state believed to cause illness

Question 21

With sustained stress,when does a new level of homeostasis occur during the general adaptation syndrome?

A) alarm stage
B) exhaustion stage
C) fight-or-flight stage
D) resistance stage

Question 22

Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of the interactions among which systems?

A) the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems
B) psychology, immunology, and endocrinology
C) neuroanatomy, psychology, and immunology
D) the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and the immune system

Question 23

The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)theorizes that stress

A) is always unpleasant.
B) can be either eustress or distress.
C) follows a very unpredictable pattern.
D) is unrelated to disease.

Question 24

Lia has a "hardy" personality.How is she likely to react or respond to a stressor?

A) Lia will have an exaggerated stress response.
B) Lia will view the stressor in a relaxed and contemplative way.
C) Lia will feel hopeless and think she can't handle the situation.
D) Lia will view the stressor as a challenge and an opportunity to learn.

Question 25

Which health problem links to uncontrolled stress?

A) insomnia
B) Type 1 diabetes
C) migraine headaches
D) paranoia

Question 26

What is eustress?

A) Stress triggered by an unpleasant event.
B) Stress triggered by a pleasant event.
C) Stress triggered during dangerous situations.
D) Stress that causes a physical response different than that caused by distress.

Question 27

What is the term that describes the long-term wear and tear of the stress response?

A) eustress
B) distress
C) homeostasis
D) allostatic load

Question 28

What might benefit individuals who have trouble expressing their anger?

A) therapy to change their personality
B) modeling a person whose anger is easily triggered
C) behavior modification through psychoanalysis
D) assertiveness training

Question 29

Which is a good nutritional strategy for coping with stress?

A) take high-potency vitamins
B) limit caffeine intake
C) take amino acid supplements
D) eat chocolate

Question 30

Which is a good strategy for overcoming insomnia?

A) sleep in on weekends
B) not eat a meal or snack for at least 2 hours before bedtime
C) drink an alcoholic beverage at bedtime to help you relax
D) use your bed only for sleeping and not for eating, reading, or watching television

Question 31

Which is a likely result of using compulsive exercise to deal with stress?

A) fatigue and diminished performance
B) decreased chance of depression and anxiety
C) strengthened immune system
D) lower HDL cholesterol

Question 32

Tom is very anxious about an upcoming exam.He has no appetite,is easily distracted,and has a headache.What stage of GAS is Tom in?

A) alarm stage
B) acceleration stage
C) resistance stage
D) exhaustion stage

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for heading off explosive anger?

A) having a drink
B) reframing your thoughts
C) distracting yourself
D) having a cooling off period

Question 34

How can stress increase the risk for cardiovascular disease?

A) It increases maximal oxygen consumption.
B) It increases blood pressure.
C) It increases HDL cholesterol.
D) It increases glucose tolerance.

Question 35

Which statement applies to regular exercise and its ability to help manage stress?

A) Exercise reduces energy levels.
B) Exercise enhances one's sense of general well-being.
C) Exercise increases anxiety levels.
D) Exercice enhances tension.

Question 36

Which time-management strategy does the text recommend?

A) Try doing things yourself rather than delegating
B) Say no when necessary
C) Cut back on sleep to make more time
D) Use caffeine to increase your efficiency

Question 37

Which stressor may result from poor time management?

A) under commitment
B) boredom
C) loneliness
D) procrastination

Question 38

Which is the normal progression for the general adaptation syndrome?

A) alarm, exhaustion, resistance
B) exhaustion, alarm, resistance
C) resistance, exhaustion, alarm
D) alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 39

Which of the following statements about anger is FALSE?

A) It is better to be aggressive rather than assertive.
B) If anger is justified, then calm but assertive communication is appropriate.
C) To deal with anger in someone else, respond asymmetrically with calm.
D) Former drug abuse is a warning sign for potential violence.

Question 40

Which time management strategy does the text recommend?

A) Focus on long-term goals.
B) Schedule tasks for peak efficiency.
C) Work on pleasant tasks first.
D) Work on one task at a time rather than consolidating tasks.

Question 41

Behavioral responses to stress are controlled by the somatic nervous system.

Question 42

Which relaxation technique directly addresses muscle tension?

A) progressive relaxation
B) visualization
C) meditation
D) controlled breathing

Question 43

A high allostatic load can be due to poor adaptation to common stressors.

Question 44

Stress triggered by pleasant stressors is called distress.

Question 45

Past experiences can affect behavioral responses to a particular stressor.

Question 46

Which is a characteristic of depression?

A) loss of pleasure in usual activities
B) autonomy
C) increased social interaction
D) loss of memory

Question 47

Endorphins are released during the fight-or-flight reaction to relieve pain in case of injury.

Question 48

People with a Type A personality tend to be stress-resistant.

Question 49

The alarm stage of GAS is controlled by the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system.

Question 50

Which statement offers valid advice about depression and suicide?

A) A sudden lightening of mood in a depressed person indicates the danger of suicide has passed.
B) Severe depression is linked to suicide.
C) Treatments for depression are not highly effective.
D) Talking about suicide is not a warning sign of suicide.

Question 51

Which is a description of progressive relaxation?

A) a cognitive exercise
B) a form of intellectual development
C) an activity alternating muscle tension and relaxation
D) a specialized form of cardiorespiratory endurance training

Question 52

Which is the relaxation technique that asks the person to identify all the perceptible qualities of a relaxing environment?

A) progressive relaxation
B) visualization
C) meditation
D) controlled breathing

Question 53

Which event occurs during the relaxation response?

A) increased heart rate
B) decreased blood flow to the brain
C) increased blood flow to the muscles
D) decreased breathing

Question 54

People with a hardy personality respond very intensely to stressors.

Question 55

Which is an example of negative self-talk?

A) "I wonder why my boss wants to see me. I guess I'll just have to wait and see."
B) "I'll have to start working on my next paper earlier, so I can do a better job."
C) "I won the speech contest, but none of the other speakers were very good."
D) "Too bad I missed that one problem, but overall I did pretty well on this test."

Question 56

Stress triggered by unpleasant stressors is called eustress.

Question 57

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system initiates the stress response.

Question 58

The fight-or-flight reaction occurs even if a physical response to a stressor is unnecessary.

Question 59

Stress can result from either negative or positive situations.

Question 60

The "tend-and-befriend" response to stressors is more common in women than in men.

Question 61

JoAnn is a college student with a full schedule that includes four academic classes,a part-time job,and a starting position on the college volleyball team.JoAnn approaches a typical school day with a set plan to never be late and to outperform her peers.Discuss JoAnn's likely personality type,including factors that led you to your conclusion.

Question 62

Describe strategies for dealing with anger.Use two specific situations-one in which you are the angry person and one in which you are dealing with someone else's anger to illustrate the strategies you have chosen.

Question 63

Chronic high blood pressure is a major cause of atherosclerosis.

Question 64

Meditation practices can elicit the relaxation response.

Question 65

Describe the stages of the general adaptation syndrome; use an example of a specific stressor to describe what occurs during each stage.

Question 66

Self-disclosure involves revealing personal information that we ordinarily wouldn't reveal because of the risk involved.

Question 67

Select a common college stressor,and describe how it boosts stress levels.Then choose and explain three possible stress management techniques that you think would be particularly useful for coping with the stressor.

Question 68

Uncontrolled stress may lead to menstrual irregularities,impotence,and pregnancy complications.

Question 69

Caffeine consumption is associated with lower levels of cortisol.

Question 70

Major life changes are more likely to cause stress-related illness in someone with a strong support network compared with someone who is more of a loner.

Question 71

Expecting perfection and expecting the worst are both examples of cognitive distortions associated with negative self-talk.

Question 72

Volunteering in one's community can promote spiritual wellness.

Question 73

In today's world,stress is an everyday occurrence.List four categories of stressors,and explain why these cause stress.For each,give two concrete suggestions for coping.

Question 74

People who work in rewarding "helping" professions,such as teachers and social workers,are less prone to burnout than people in other types of professions.

Question 75

Define the concepts stressor,stress response,and stress.Give an example of a stressful situation,and explain how each concept relates to the situation.

Question 76

The relaxation response signals your readiness for action.

Question 77

Adequate sleep improves mood,fosters feelings of competence and self-worth,enhances mental functioning,and supports emotional functioning.

Question 78

Choose a stressor,and describe the typical physiological response to it (fight-or-flight reaction).Then describe three appropriate and three inappropriate behavioral responses to the stressor.

Question 79

Those who exercise regularly have a milder physical stress response than non-exercisers.

Question 80

Insomnia and poor appetite are possible symptoms of depression.