Deck 24: Fungi

Question 1

Ergot is

A)a fungal disease of rye crops and other grasses.
B)a carcinogen produced by fungi.
C)a predatory fungus that traps nematodes.
D)the cause of bread molD.
E)a colorful poisonous mushroom.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Athlete's foot is caused by

A)Aspergillus.
B)Ergot.
C)Candida.
D)Claviceps.
E)None of the choices provided.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Some lichens can reach ages of at least

A)2 years.
B)10 years.
C)100 years.
D)450 years.
E)4,500 years.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Your instructor has assigned you the task of identifying an unknown fungus.When you examine the cellular structure under the microscope,you note that the cells are flagellated.To which group does the unknown fungus belong?

A)chytrids
B)choanflagellates
C)yeasts
D)conidia
E)bread molds

Question 5

High levels of the fungus Arthrobotrys anchonia were found in a local environment.What do you predict will be the consequence of this fungus?

A)Vegetation levels will decline drastically.
B)Since this is a major pollutant in sewage wastewater,an investigation into the source of the fungus must be undertaken.
C)Lichen populations will increase.
D)Nematode populations will decline.
E)Humans in the surrounding area will be vulnerable to pneumonia.

Question 6

Predict what would happen if transport between the Golgi apparatus and a growing hyphal tip in a fungus was interrupted.

A)transport by vesicles of enzymes would cease
B)uptake of water by osmosis would not occur
C)extension of the hyphal tip would be discontinued
D)transport by vesicles of cell-wall materials would be blocked
E)all of these are correct

Question 7

How would you describe the body of a fungus?

A)tiny threadlike septa collectively make up the mycelium
B)tiny threadlike mycelia collectively make up the septa
C)tiny threadlike mycelia collectively make up the hypha
D)tiny threadlike hyphae collectively make up the mycelium
E)tiny threadlike mycelia collectively make up the dikaryote

Question 8

You observe the symbiotic association of a green algae and a fungus in your backyard.After a time you note that the fungus has sickened,and it eventually dies.What do you predict will happen to the green algae?

A)Nothing;only the fungus received a benefit from the association.
B)The green algae will have more water and minerals available so it will thrive.
C)The green algae will be more vulnerable to environmental stress.
D)The green algae will be shaded by the fungus,so it will thrive.
E)The green algae will have more oxygen available to it will thrivE.

Question 9

All materials passing from one hyphal cell to another must diffuse across the septal wall.

Question 10

Conidia are sexual spores produced by mushrooms.

Question 11

Reproduction by asexual spores in fungi allows dispersal to a new location but doesn't facilitate invasion of new KINDS of habitats.

Question 12

AM fungi are so named because

A)they shed their spores only in the morning.
B)they produce fruiting bodies at night that only last through the following morning.
C)they produce arbuscular mycorrhizae in the cells of plant roots.
D)they decompose animal manure.
E)they grow only on the chaff of ant middens.

Question 13

An agriculturalist is very concerned because his wheat crop is suddenly covered with red streaks.When consulted,you identify the issue as a condition known as rust.What would you advise the agriculturalist is the best preventive strategy for addressing the cellular basis of the rust?

A)Rust is caused by fungi that give a reddish cast to soils in which they grow,which is taken up by the plant.Treat the soil to prevent the uptake of the rust-causing fungi.
B)Rust is caused by fungi that have reddish spores that emerge from the leaves of infected plants.Treat the plant to eliminate the fungi that causes the rust.
C)Rust is caused by fungi that have enzymes for breaking down plant structure.Treat the plant to make it resistant to the enzymes that are causing the rust.
D)Rust is caused by rust-colored mushrooms produced as fruiting bodies.Treat the plant to eliminate the fruiting bodies that are recognized as rust.

Question 14

A group of AIDS patients and their families is exposed to the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci.There is great concern among the individuals.You have been asked to address the situation.Explain what you would say to the group to give them a plausible treatment strategy.

A)Those with AIDS should not be concerned.This fungus is the cause of AIDS--they already have the fungus.
B)Those with AIDS should be concerned as this fungus attacks T-cells in the same way as does AIDS and thereby increases the severity of the disease.
C)Those with AIDS should not be concerned,as the fungus attacks the AIDS pathogen and thereby reduces the severity of the disease.
D)Those with AIDS should be concerned as the fungus infects individuals whose immune system has been weakened by AIDS and causes pneumonia.

Question 15

Lichens are monophyletic.

Question 16

The septum in a fungus is

A)the seventh cellular division.
B)the seventh nucleus in a dikaryote cell.
C)the seventh cell from the tip of the hypha.
D)the demarcation between the mycelium and the fruiting body.
E)a cross wall that separates hyphae into cells.

Question 17

A sac fungus is exposed to a mutagen,and it mutates so that it cannot produce a functional ascocarp.The most likely consequence is

A)this is a vestigial structure,so there is no consequence.
B)fruiting bodies would not occur.
C)asexual spores would not be produced.
D)lichens could not form.
E)cellular metabolism could not occur.

Question 18

An alteration occurs in a cell at the surface of a diploid fruiting structure so that during spore formation,the resulting spores have twice the number of chromosomes compared to normal spores.The altered spores are most accurately described as having

A)haploid nuclei.
B)diploid nuclei.
C)triploid nuclei.
D)tetraploid nuclei.

Question 19

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is known to be used for

A)brewing and winemaking.
B)food for reindeer.
C)causing lung disease.
D)being a hallucinogenic mushroom.
E)causing oak trees to shed their leaves prematurely.

Question 20

The cell walls of most fungi are composed of

A)chitin.
B)cellulose.
C)dentine.
D)peptides.
E)glycerol.

Question 21

A fungal specimen from the cryptomycota mutates so that it no longer can produce chitin.Predict the consequences for the cell walls of this fungus.

A)There would be no consequences.These fungi do not have cell walls.
B)The fungus could no longer produce septa.
C)The fungus would no longer be able to sexually reproduce.
D)The fungus would no longer be able to asexually reproduce.

Question 22

You are tutoring another student on the fungi.Fungal taxonomy is something that is very confusing to your pupil.Summarize the current standing of fungal taxonomy so your pupil has an overview of where fungal taxonomy currently stands.

A)Although it is a complicated framework,fungal taxonomy is complete and well agreed on.
B)Fungal taxonomy is incomplete,but the true fungi,nonopisthokont protists are monophyletic.
C)Fungal taxonomy is relatively simple and represents a monophyletic grouping of organisms.
D)Major fungal groups have yet to be formally nameD.

Question 23

You are presented with an organism that has not been identified previously.Which feature would identify it as a fungus?

A)flagella
B)cell wall
C)nonparasitic
D)absorptive nutrition
E)mycelia

Question 24

Yeast are useful in biotechnology in part because the yeast genome is similar to animal genomes.

Question 25

Place these fungal groups in the order in which they would appear on a cladogram.Start with the most ancestral group for #1,and end with the most derived group.