Deck 4: Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Question 1

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria?

A)nucleus
B)mitochondria
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)lysosomes
E)All of the choices are correct.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

A(n)_____ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

A)perixosome
B)lysosome
C)magnetosome
D)inclusion
E)ribosome

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

A)mitochondria
B)lysosomes
C)Golgi apparatus
D)chloroplasts
E)endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis,the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the

A)nuclear envelope.
B)nucleosome.
C)nucleolus.
D)nucleoplasm.
E)chromatin.

Question 5

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is

A)mostly polysaccharide.
B)the site where many metabolic reactions occur.
C)also called the cell wall.
D)composed of lipids.
E)protection against osmotic lysis.

Question 6

Histones are

A)found in polyribosomes.
B)enzymes found in lysosomes.
C)proteins of the cytoskeleton.
D)proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus.
E)on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 7

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the

A)ribosome.
B)nucleolus.
C)nucleus.
D)Golgi apparatus.
E)lysosome.

Question 8

An organelle that is a stack of flattened,membranous sacs and functions to receive,modify,and package proteins for cell secretion is the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosome.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplast.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 9

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

Protists include

A)yeasts and molds.
B)algae and protozoa.
C)helminths.
D)All of the choices are correct.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 11

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear

A)histones.
B)chromatin.
C)pores.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.
E)inclusions.

Question 12

Protists with contractile vacuoles

A)are algae.
B)use them to expel excess water from the cell.
C)typically live in salty seawater.
D)use them for motility.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _____ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.

A)filaments
B)microtubules
C)flagella
D)cilia
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 14

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 15

Cell walls are not usually found in

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 16

Eukaryotic flagella differ from bacterial flagella because only eukaryotic flagella

A)are used for cell motility.
B)facilitate chemotaxis.
C)facilitate phototaxis.
D)are long,whiplike structures.
E)contain microtubules.

Question 17

The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of

A)sterols.
B)proteins.
C)phospholipids.
D)cholesterol.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryote glycocalyx?

A)protection
B)adherence
C)movement
D)reception of chemical signals
E)All of the choices are functions.

Question 19

The first primitive eukaryotic cells likely evolved from

A)archea.
B)bacteria.
C)prokaryotes.
D)the last common ancestor.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 20

Cilia are structures for motility found primarily in:
2-1-13

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 21

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?

A)mitochondria
B)lysosome
C)Golgi apparatus
D)chloroplast
E)endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

Filamentous fungi are called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 23

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

A)have cell walls
B)photosynthetic
C)include single-celled and filamentous forms
D)heterotrophic nutrition
E)can use a wide variety of nutrients

Question 24

The cytoskeleton

A)anchors organelles.
B)provides support.
C)functions in movements of the cytoplasm.
D)helps maintain cell shape.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 25

The group of protozoa that have gliding motility are the

A)amoeba/sarcodina.
B)ciliophora.
C)mastigophora.
D)apicomplexa/sporozoa.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 26

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except

A)motility.
B)ectoplasm and endoplasm.
C)heterotrophic nutrition.
D)formation of a cyst stage.
E)cell wall.

Question 27

When buds remain attached,they form a chain of yeast cells called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 28

Fungal infections are known as ________ and can be acquired from environmental or clinical sources.

A)secondary infections
B)vegetative infections
C)mycoses
D)saprobic infections
E)parasitoses

Question 29

The woven,intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a(n)

A)septum.
B)rhizoid.
C)spore.
D)bud.
E)mycelium.

Question 30

The long,threadlike branching cells of molds are called

A)conidiophores.
B)pseudohyphae.
C)hyphae.
D)septate.
E)ascus.

Question 31

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?

A)structural framework for the cell
B)anchor points for organelles
C)made up of microfilaments
D)made up of microtubules
E)made up of cilia

Question 32

During unfavorable growth conditions,many protozoa can convert to a resistant,dormant stage called a(n)

A)endospore.
B)cyst.
C)seed.
D)trophozoite.
E)sporozoa.

Question 33

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the

A)sarcodina.
B)ciliophora.
C)mastigophora.
D)apicomplexa.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 34

Mitochondria possess all of the following except

A)enzymes for metabolism.
B)cristae.
C)electron transport chain proteins.
D)enzymes for photosynthesis.
E)70S ribosomes (prokaryote).

Question 35

In eukaryotic cells,ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the _____ and on the surface of the _____.

A)cytoplasm,Golgi apparatus
B)nucleus,Golgi apparatus
C)cytoplasm,endoplasmic reticulum
D)nucleus,endoplasmic reticulum

Question 36

The motile,feeding stage of protozoa is called the

A)trophozoite.
B)cyst.
C)sporozoite.
D)oocyst.
E)food vacuole.

Question 37

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals.These fungi are called

A)saprobes.
B)parasites.
C)substrates.
D)nonseptate.
E)dimorphic.

Question 38

The group of protozoa that use pseudopodia to move are the

A)sarcodina.
B)ciliophora.
C)mastigophora.
D)apicomplexa.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 39

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called

A)dimorphic.
B)saprobes.
C)pseudohyphae.
D)spores.
E)parasites.

Question 40

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is

A)30S.
B)40S.
C)50S.
D)70S.
E)80S.

Question 41

In humans,helminths generally infect the

A)digestive tract.
B)urinary tract.
C)nervous system.
D)muscular system.
E)skin.

Question 42

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.

Question 43

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?

A)primary host
B)secondary host
C)definitive host
D)transport host
E)Mating takes place in all hosts.

Question 44

Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery)is most commonly contracted through the

A)fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water.
B)direct transmission from one host to another.
C)puncture wounds.
D)insect bites.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 45

Parasitic worms have a highly developed ______ system.

A)digestive
B)nervous
C)respiratory
D)muscular
E)reproductive

Question 46

All of the following are helminths except

A)pinworms.
B)flukes.
C)trypanosomes.
D)roundworms.
E)tapeworms.

Question 47

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

A)in kingdom Protista
B)parasitic worms
C)eggs and sperm used for reproduction
D)often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E)have various organ systems

Question 48

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Question 49

Which is mismatched?

A)Giardia-causes intestinal distress;transmitted by feces in drinking water
B)Histoplasma-fungus that causes Ohio Valley fever
C)Trichomonas-sexually transmitted vaginal infection
D)Plasmodium-protozoan that causes Chagas disease
E)Naegleria-amoeba that causes brain infection

Question 50

After returning from a trip to Africa,Tom begins to feel very tired and weak.He has severe anemia.A blood smear reveals a protozoan is present in his blood.The health care provider tells Tom he has malaria.Which of the following could be the causative agent of his disease?

A)HIV
B)Nagleria fowleri
C)Plasmodium falciparum
D)Trichophyton
E)Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 51

The cell wall of fungi and algae are chemically identical to the bacterial cell wall.

Question 52

All of the following are helminths except

A)tapeworms.
B)flukes.
C)flatworms.
D)roundworms.
E)All of the choices are helminths.

Question 53

Algae are classified into divisions based principally on their type of motility.

Question 54

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Question 55

Protozoan cysts

A)are part of all protozoan life cycles.
B)are necessary for transmission to a new host.
C)are helpful in surviving unfavorable conditions.
D)are the primary form of replication.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 56

Protozoan endoplasm contains

A)ectoplasm.
B)mitochondria.
C)flagella.
D)oral groves.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 57

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.

Question 58

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)helminths.
D)fungi.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 59

Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?

A)primary host
B)intermediate (secondary)host
C)definitive host
D)transport host
E)Mating takes place in all hosts.

Question 60

The nuclear envelope is a single layer.

Question 61

An amoeba exhibits motility due to

A)cilia.
B)flagella.
C)pseudopods.
D)pili.

Question 62

Most helminths are macroscopic,yet they are studied in the field of microbiology.This is due to the fact that during their lifecycle,they may produce which microscopic structures?

A)eggs or cysts
B)pili
C)proglottids
D)spores

Question 63

In the helminth life cycle,adulthood and mating of the worm occur in which type of host?

A)intermediate
B)transport
C)accidental
D)definitive

Question 64

Many helminths are hermaphroditic,meaning they

A)thrive in water.
B)have both male and female sex organs.
C)have a definitive host.
D)lay 200,000 eggs a day.

Question 65

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

Question 66

In humans,fungi can only infect the skin.

Question 67

All algae have chloroplasts.

Question 68

Acanthamoeba and other protozoans exhibit a two-stage life cycle: a resting cyst stage and a motile feeding stage called the

A)merozoite.
B)trophozoite.
C)sporozoite.
D)hermaphrodite.

Question 69

Which type of eukaryotic organisms can cause infections in humans?

A)helminths
B)fungi
C)protozoans
D)Helminths,fungi,and protozoans can all be pathogenic to humans.

Question 70

Pinworm is which type of helminth?

A)nematode
B)flatworm
C)trematode
D)cestode

Question 71

All fungi have hyphae.

Question 72

You suspect that your patient is suffering from oral candidiasis,caused by Candida albicans,and know that treatment may require drugs that produce toxic side effects.Which of the following statements explains why drugs used to treat this type of infection can be toxic to humans?

A)They target viruses only seen in humans.
B)They target eukaryotic structures seen in both Candida albicans and human cells.
C)They target peptidoglycan which is seen in both Candida albicans and human cells.
D)They target the process of sporulation exhibited by both Candida albicans and human cells.

Question 73

You look closely and see that some of the cells are producing filamentous structures called hyphae.A term referring to a yeast able to exist in a yeast or hyphal form is

A)dioecious.
B)dimorphic.
C)dichotomous.
D)diurnal.

Question 74

An amoeba is which type of microorganism?

A)a prokaryotic alga
B)a eukaryotic fungus
C)a eukaryotic protozoan
D)a prokaryotic bacterium

Question 75

Helminths belong to which domain of life?

A)Bacteria
B)Archaea
C)Eukarya
D)They are viruses and are not classified in any domain of life.

Question 76

After staining,you visualize the specimen.You identify single-celled organisms that possess a nucleus,and many of them are undergoing the process of budding.You believe that this patient is suffering from an infection caused by a

A)helminth.
B)protozoan.
C)fungus.
D)bacterium.

Question 77

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.