Deck 5: Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Question 1

Histones are

A)found in polyribosomes.
B)enzymes found in lysosomes.
C)proteins of the cytoskeleton.
D)proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus.
E)on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The eukaryotic cell membrane is composed of

A)sterols.
B)proteins.
C)phospholipids.
D)Sterols,proteins,and phospholipids.
E)Sterols and phospholipids only.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is

A)mostly polysaccharide.
B)the site where many metabolic reactions occur.
C)also called the cell wall.
D)composed of many diverse proteins.
E)a protective mechanism against osmotic lysis.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Cilia are exhibited by certain

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)viruses.

Question 5

Biologists have found evidence that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic organisms by a process of intracellular

A)symbiosis.
B)parasitism.
C)commensalism.
D)mutualism.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of the glycocalyx exhibited by eukaryotes?

A)protection
B)adherence
C)movement
D)reception of chemical signals

Question 7

An organelle that is a stack of flattened,membranous sacs and functions to receive,modify,and package proteins for cell secretion is the

A)mitochondrion.
B)lysosome.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplast.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 8

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 9

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired flagella by endosymbiosis with a/n _____ ancestor and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a/n _____ ancestor.

A)protozoan,algae
B)archaea,cyanobacteria
C)spirochete,cyanobacteria
D)helminth,algae

Question 10

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis,the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible,thread-like mass called the

A)nuclear envelope.
B)nucleosome.
C)nucleolus.
D)nucleoplasm.
E)chromatin.

Question 11

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella because only eukaryotic flagella

A)are used for cell motility.
B)facilitate chemotaxis.
C)facilitate phototaxis.
D)are long,whip-like structures.
E)contain microtubules.

Question 12

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear

A)histones.
B)chromatin.
C)pores.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.
E)inclusions.

Question 13

Cell walls are not typically possessed by:

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.

Question 14

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

A)nucleus
B)mitochondria
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)lysosomes
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Protists include

A)yeasts and molds.
B)algae and protozoa.
C)helminths.
D)bacteria.
E)viruses.

Question 16

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _____ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.

A)filaments
B)microtubules
C)active proteins
D)cilia
E)endoflagella.

Question 17

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)helminths.

Question 18

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the

A)nucleus.
B)Golgi apparatus.
C)mitochondrion.
D)lysosome.
E)ribosome.

Question 19

The endosymbiotic theory has been developed to explain the emergence of

A)archaea.
B)bacteria.
C)prokaryotes.
D)eukaryotes.
E)viruses.

Question 20

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the

A)ribosome.
B)nucleolus.
C)nucleus.
D)Golgi apparatus.
E)lysosome.

Question 21

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?

A)mitochondria
B)lysosomes
C)Golgi apparatus
D)chloroplasts
E)endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

In eukaryotic cells,ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the _____ and on the surface of _____.

A)cytoplasm;Golgi apparatus
B)nucleus;Golgi apparatus
C)cytoplasm;endoplasmic reticulum
D)nucleus;endoplasmic reticulum

Question 23

Protists with contractile vacuoles

A)are algae.
B)use them to expel excess water from the cell.
C)typically live in salty seawater.
D)use them for motility.
E)have greater motility.

Question 24

Mitochondria possess all of the following except

A)enzymes for metabolism.
B)cristae.
C)electron transport chain proteins.
D)enzymes for photosynthesis.
E)70S ribosomes.

Question 25

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals.These fungi are called

A)saprobes.
B)parasites.
C)antagonists.
D)free-living.
E)mutualistic.

Question 26

The long,thread-like branching cells of molds are called

A)conidiophores.
B)pseudohyphae.
C)hyphae.
D)septate.
E)asci.

Question 27

When buds remain attached,fungi form a chain of yeast cells called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 28

A/n _____ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

A)centrosome
B)lysosome
C)magnetosome
D)inclusion
E)ribosome

Question 29

Fungal asexual spores

A)are only produced under harmful environmental conditions.
B)produce offspring with different combinations of genes from the original fungus.
C)cannot be seen using a light microscope.
D)are the products of meiotic division by a single parent cell.
E)are used to identify fungi.

Question 30

Chloroplasts are composed of membranous sacs called _____ that carry chlorophyll.Surrounding these sacs is a ground substance called _____.

A)thylakoids;stroma
B)granna;stroma
C)cristae;stroma
D)cristae;matrix
E)thylakoid;matrix

Question 31

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

A)cells have cell walls
B)photosynthetic
C)include single-celled and filamentous forms
D)heterotrophic nutrition
E)can use a wide variety of nutrients

Question 32

The woven,intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a

A)stem.
B)rhizoid.
C)stock.
D)bud.
E)mycelium.

Question 33

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

A)mitochondrion
B)lysosome
C)Golgi apparatus
D)chloroplast
E)endoplasmic reticulum

Question 34

Filamentous fungi are called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 35

What two categories of fungi cause human diseases?

A)primary and secondary
B)primary and vegetative
C)opportunistic and primary
D)secondary and opportunistic
E)vegetative and reproductive

Question 36

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is

A)30S.
B)40S.
C)50S.
D)70S.
E)80S.

Question 37

In eukaryotic cells,which of the following contains DNA?

A)nucleus,mitochondria,and Golgi apparatus
B)nucleus,endoplasmic reticulum,and Golgi apparatus
C)nucleus,nucleolus,and Golgi apparatus
D)nucleus,chloroplast,and mitochondrion
E)nucleus,chloroplast,and peroxisome

Question 38

The cytoskeleton

A)anchors organelles.
B)provides support.
C)functions in movements of the cytoplasm.
D)helps maintain cell shape.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 39

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called

A)dimorphic.
B)saprobes.
C)pseudohyphae.
D)spores.
E)parasites.

Question 40

Pfiesteria is a

A)toxic fungus.
B)toxic algae.
C)toxic helminth.
D)toxic protozoan.
E)bacterial endospore.

Question 41

A protozoan having a flagellum would be classified in the genus:

A)Entamoeba.
B)Toxoplasma.
C)Trypanosoma.
D)Plasmodium.
E)Enterobius.

Question 42

The motile,feeding stage of protozoa is called the

A)trophozoite.
B)cyst.
C)sporozoite.
D)oocyst.
E)food vacuole.

Question 43

The group of protozoa that are not motile are the

A)amoebas.
B)ciliates.
C)trophozoites.
D)Plasmodium sp.
E)dimorphics.

Question 44

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)helminths.
D)fungi.
E)yeasts.

Question 45

All of the following are helminths except

A)pinworms.
B)flukes.
C)trypanosomes.
D)roundworms.
E)tapeworms.

Question 46

Protozoan cysts are

A)part of all protozoan life cycles.
B)necessary for transmission to a new host.
C)analogous to bacterial endospores.
D)the primary form of replication.
E)are involved in binary fission.

Question 47

Parasitic helminths have a highly developed ______ system to enhance host transmission.

A)digestive
B)nervous
C)respiratory
D)muscular
E)reproductive

Question 48

Protozoan endoplasm contains

A)ectoplasm.
B)mitochondria.
C)flagella.
D)oral groves.
E)cilia.

Question 49

The one-celled organism seen in your microscope moves very slowly,by protruding its cytoplasm.The specimen was taken from a patient having diarrhea.You would predict that the patient has an infection caused by this pathogen:

A)Entamoeba.
B)Toxoplasma.
C)Trichomonas.
D)Giardia.
E)Plasmodium.

Question 50

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?

A)primary host
B)secondary host
C)definitive host
D)transport host
E)Mating takes place in all hosts.

Question 51

The vector for the trypanosome of Chagas disease is the

A)mosquito.
B)deer tick.
C)tsetse fly.
D)reduviid bug.
E)nematode.

Question 52

Which is mismatched?

A)Giardia - transmitted by feces in drinking water
B)Histoplasma - causes Ohio Valley fever
C)Trichomonas - sexually transmitted
D)Plasmodium - causes Chagas disease
E)Trypanosoma - causes African sleeping sickness

Question 53

Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through:

A)fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water.
B)direct transmission from one host to another.
C)puncture wounds.
D)insect bites.
E)blood products.

Question 54

Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?

A)primary host
B)intermediate host
C)definitive host
D)transport host
E)Larval development takes place in all hosts.

Question 55

Protozoan cells do not exhibit

A)motility.
B)ectoplasm and endoplasm.
C)heterotrophic nutrition.
D)formation of a cyst stage.
E)a cell wall.

Question 56

After returning from a trip to Africa,Tom begins to feel very tired and weak.He has severe anemia.A blood smear reveals a protozoan is present in his blood.The health care provider tells Tom he has malaria.Which of the following could be the causative agent of his disease?

A)HIV
B)Taenia solium
C)Plasmodium malariae
D)Trichophyton rubrum
E)Giardia lamblia

Question 57

All of the following are helminths except

A)tapeworms.
B)flukes.
C)flatworms.
D)round worms.
E)All of the choices are helminthes.

Question 58

During unfavorable growth conditions,many protozoa can convert to a resistant,dormant stage called a/an

A)endospore.
B)cyst.
C)seed.
D)trophozoite.
E)sporozoa.

Question 59

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

A)in the kingdom Protista
B)parasitic worms
C)eggs and sperm used for reproduction
D)often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E)have various organ systems

Question 60

In humans,helminths generally infect the

A)digestive tract.
B)urinary tract.
C)nervous system.
D)muscular system.
E)skin.

Question 61

There are no algae that can cause human disease.

Question 62

All algae have chloroplasts.

Question 63

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

Question 64

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.

Question 65

In humans,fungi can only infect the skin.

Question 66

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.

Question 67

Plankton are floating communities of helminths.

Question 68

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Question 69

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.

Question 70

Eating undercooked meat can lead to food-borne disease via helminthic infection.What is the common host for Taenia solium?

A)geese
B)ducks
C)pigs
D)cows
E)chickens

Question 71

In the life cycle of the pinworm Enterobius,a common infection in children,the child has the adult worm in the intestine.The adult worm releases eggs,which are then transmitted out of the body via feces.The child will scratch the anal area,picking up the worm eggs and re-inserting them into the mouth.For this helminth life cycle,the human is _____ host.

A)intermediate
B)definitive
C)primary
D)both intermediate and definitive

Question 72

Chromosomes are generally not visible in the nucleus unless the cell is undergoing nuclear division.

Question 73

The cell walls of fungi and algae are chemically identical to the prokaryotic cell wall.

Question 74

You are looking at an organism of some sort under the microscopic lens.It has a cell wall,no chloroplasts,and a nucleus.Your prediction would be that this organism is a/an:

A)bacterium
B)fungus
C)alga
D)protozoan
E)virus

Question 75

The nuclear envelope is a single layer.

Question 76

Algae are classified into divisions based principally on their type of motility.

Question 77

You are looking at an organism of some sort under the microscopic lens.It is obviously multicellular,with no cell wall.Your prediction would be that this organism is a:

A)bacterium
B)fungus
C)alga
D)protozoan
E)helminth

Question 78

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Question 79

All fungi can form hyphae.

Question 80

When analyzing a specimen for identification purposes,you detect the presence of large amounts of histone protein.You predict that:

A)the organism is a prokaryote.
B)the organism has no nuclear membrane.
C)the organism has a large genome.
D)the organism is photosynthetic.