Deck 15: Lipids

Question 1

Margarine containing partially hydrogenated soybean oil is solid because ________.

A)it contains only saturated fats
B)it contains only trans fatty acids
C)some of its double bonds have been converted to single bonds
D)it contains only cis carbon-carbon double bonds
E)it contains only polyunsaturated fatty acids

Answer 1

some of its double bonds have been converted to single bonds

Question 2

Unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points than saturated fatty acids because ________.

A)they have fewer hydrogen atoms
B)they have more hydrogen atoms
C)their molecules fit closely together
D)the cis double bonds give them an irregular shape
E)the trans double bonds give them an irregular shape

Answer 2

the cis double bonds give them an irregular shape

Question 3

The products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are ________.

A)the esters of fatty acids
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)salts of fatty acids
D)salts of fatty acids and glycerol
E)glycerophospholipids

Answer 3

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 4

Glycerophospholipids can interact both with other lipids and water because they contain ________.

A)double bonds
B)polar regions and nonpolar regions
C)glycerol
D)saturated fatty acids
E)cholesterol

Question 5

A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 39 g of fat.Calculate the number of kilocalories from fat.(1 gram of fat = 9 kcal)

A)4.3 kcal from fat
B)39 kcal from fat
C)71 kcal from fat
D)350 kcal from fat
E)640 kcal from fat

Question 6

A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains more than one ________.

A)carboxyl group
B)hydroxyl group
C)carbonyl group
D)long carbon chain
E)carbon-carbon double bond

Question 7

A triacylglycerol that is solid at room temperature is called a(n)________.

A)cephalin
B)lecithin
C)oil
D)wax
E)fat

Question 8

Compared to saturated fatty acids,unsaturated fatty acids have ________.

A)longer carbon chains
B)shorter carbon chains
C)higher melting points
D)lower melting points
E)greater intermolecular attraction

Question 9

Which of the following is not a function of lipids in the human body?

A)energy storage
B)insulation
C)protection
D)chemical messengers
E)pH regulation

Question 10

Which of the following is a lipid?

A)cholesterol
B)nicotine
C)aniline
D)lactose
E)collagen

Question 11

Commercially,liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by ________.

A)hydrogenation
B)hydrolysis
C)hydration
D)oxidation
E)saponification

Question 12

Which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A)wax
B)fat
C)glycerophospholipid
D)steroid
E)petroleum

Question 13

Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?

A)myristic
B)oleic
C)palmitic
D)stearic
E)lauric

Question 14

Lipids are compounds that are soluble in ________.

A)distilled water
B)normal saline solution
C)glucose solution
D)chloroform
E)oxygen

Question 15

The skeletal structure below is that of a ________.

A)wax
B)fat
C)glycerophospholipid
D)steroid
E)fatty acid

Question 16

The skeletal structure of palmitoleic acid is shown below.Palmitoleic acid is a ________.

A)saturated fatty acid
B)polyunsaturated fatty acid
C)monounsaturated fatty acid
D)strong acid
E)monosaturated fatty acid

Question 17

Waxes are lipids derived from ________.

A)a long-chain alcohol and a long-chain fatty acid
B)glycerol and three fatty acids
C)glycerol,fatty acids,phosphate,and an amino alcohol
D)fatty acids,phosphate,and an amino alcohol
E)steroids

Question 18

Which of the following fatty acids is most likely to be a solid at room temperature?

A)palmitoleic
B)oleic
C)stearic
D)linoleic
E)linolenic

Question 19

Palmitic acid is a 16 carbon acid.In a balanced equation,the products of the saponification of tripalmitin (glyceryl tripalmitate)are ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 20

Which statement is not true?

A)Lipids are found in cell membranes.
B)Lipids are soluble in organic solvents.
C)There are many different types of lipids.
D)All lipids contain fatty acids.
E)Some hormones are lipids.

Question 21

Synthesis of cholesterol takes place in the ________.

A)liver
B)gall bladder
C)small intestine
D)large intestine
E)pancreas

Question 22

The most common type of gallstones is composed of almost pure ________.

A)cholesterol
B)waxes
C)glycerophospholipids
D)calcium salts of fatty acids
E)anabolic steroids

Question 23

Answer the following question(s)about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane,the object labeled (B)is a ________.

A)steroid
B)hydrophobic region
C)membrane protein
D)phospholipid bilayer
E)carbohydrate side chain

Question 24

Answer the following question(s)about the diagram shown below.
In the fluid-mosaic model that describes cell membranes,________.

A)there are three layers of phospholipid molecules
B)two layers of phospholipid molecules have their nonpolar sections oriented to the inside of the membrane
C)two layers of phospholipid molecules have their nonpolar sections along the outer surface of the membrane
D)A single row of phospholipid molecules forms a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell
E)two layers of proteins separate the contents inside a cell from the surrounding fluids

Question 25

Which of the following is not a function of glycerophospholipids?

A)transport of triacylglycerols
B)regulation of cellular permeability
C)protect nerve cells
D)aid in digestion
E)transport of cholesterol

Question 26

A)glycerophospholipid
B)triacylglycerol
C)fatty acid
D)steroid
E)wax

Question 27

The steroid hormone that increases the blood glucose and glycogen levels from fatty acids and amino acids is ________.

A)aldosterone
B)progesterone
C)cortisone
D)estrogen
E)prednisone

Question 28

Which of the lipid types listed below is most soluble in water?

A)triacylglycerols
B)glycerolphospholipids
C)oils
D)steroids
E)waxes

Question 29

Which of the following is not a lipoprotein that carries nonpolar lipids through the bloodstream?

A)glycerol
B)LDL
C)HDL
D)VLDL
E)chylomicron

Question 30

Which of the following compounds is a glycerophospholipid?

A)jojoba wax
B)estrogen
C)lecithin
D)triolein
E)stearic acid

Question 31

The components in the following glycerophospholipid are ________.

A)sphingosine,palmitic acid,phosphate,and choline.
B)sphingosine,palmitic acid,phosphate,and serine.
C)glycerol,palmitic acid,phosphate,and ethanolamine.
D)glycerol,palmitic acid,phosphate,and galactose.
E)sphingosine,palmitic acid,phosphate,and ethanolamine.

Question 32

Answer the following question(s)about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane,the small branched object labeled (A)is part of a ________.

A)steroid
B)hydrophobic region
C)membrane protein
D)glycerophospholipid
E)carbohydrate side chain

Question 33

Answer the following question(s)about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane,the objects labeled (E)are ________.

A)steroids
B)hydrophobic regions
C)proteins
D)glycerophospholipids
E)carbohydrate side chains

Question 34

A lipoprotein particle functions to ________.

A)dissolve polar lipids for excretion
B)metabolize lipids into new substances
C)dissolve polar lipids in urine
D)transport nonpolar lipid to body cells
E)store lipids in the tissues

Question 35

A)triacylglycerol
B)wax
C)glycerophospholipid
D)fatty acid
E)steroid

Question 36

According to the fluid-mosaic model of a cell membrane,the main component of a membrane is ________.

A)a lipid bilayer.
B)a membrane protein
C)fatty acid
D)a steroid
E)a prostaglandin

Question 37

The main lipid components in cellular membranes are ________.

A)glycerolphospholipids
B)fatty acids
C)steroids
D)triacylglycerols
E)waxes

Question 38

The type of lipid that gives a cell membrane its structure is a ________.

A)triacylglycerol
B)glycerophospholipid
C)prostaglandin
D)fatty acid
E)wax

Question 39

Answer the following question(s)about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane,the object labeled (C)is a ________.

A)steroid
B)protein
C)glycerophospholipid
D)mitochondrion
E)carbohydrate side chain

Question 40

A)steroid
B)glycerophospholipid
C)wax
D)triacylglycerol
E)prostaglandin

Question 41

The interior of a lipid bilayer is the hydrophilic region.

Question 42

Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?

A)oleic
B)palmitoleicic
C)linoleic
D)arachidonic
E)stearic

Question 43

The catalyst needed for saponification is ion.

Question 44

Prostaglandins are formed from ________ acid.

A)oleic
B)linoleic
C)arachidonic
D)tauric
E)palmitic

Question 45

Waxes do not contain fatty acids.

Question 46

A wax is composed of glycerol and three fatty acids.

Question 47

Oleic acid is a saturated fatty acid.

Question 48

Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid.

Question 49

This skeletal structure represents a saturated fatty acid.

Question 50

In the fluid-mosaic model of cell membranes,the phospholipid molecules are oriented with their heads to the outside of the membrane.

Question 51

Steroids do not contain fatty acids.

Question 52

The name of the reaction that occurs when a fat reacts with sodium hydroxide and water is ________.

A)hydrogenation
B)reduction
C)hydration
D)oxidation
E)saponification

Question 53

One function of glycerophospholipids is to provide structure to cell membranes.

Question 54

Cholesterol is a lipid.

Question 55

In a simple model of atherosclerosis and heart disease,the compound that forms plaques that adhere to the walls of the blood vessels is ________.

A)cholesterol
B)carnauba wax
C)stearic acid
D)glycerol
E)oleic acid

Question 56

Fish such as salmon and tuna are high in omega-3 fatty acids.

Question 57

Cholesterol belongs to the ________ group of lipids.

A)glycerophospholipid
B)steroid
C)prostaglandin
D)triacylglycerol
E)wax

Question 58

Hydrogenation of a double bond in a triacylglycerol requires a catalyst.

Question 59

Glycerophospholipids are components of cell membranes.

Question 60

Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?

A)oleic
B)palmitic
C)lauric
D)myristic
E)stearic

Question 63

Select the type of lipid that matches the description.

A)triacylglycerol
B)steroid
C)glycerophospholipid
D)fatty acid
10)oleic acid
11)triolein
12)cephalin
13)aldosterone
14)testosterone