Question 1

When a scientist is dishonest and reports false information,he or she&#10;A)will usually be excused by the scientific community.&#10;B)after an apology,will be excused by the scientific community.&#10;C)gets no second chance in the scientific community.&#10;D)will likely be burned at the stake.

Accepted Answer

Scientific integrity is paramount in the scientific community, and any instance of dishonesty or falsification of data can have severe consequences. It can not only damage the reputation of the scientist but also affect the scientific community as a whole. Therefore, such behavior is not tolerated, and the scientist is likely to face severe consequences, including the loss of credibility, funding, and even legal charges in some cases. The scientific community does not take these matters lightly and does not give any second chances to unethical behavior.

Question 2

In science,an educated guess is a&#10;A)hypothesis.&#10;B)theory.&#10;C)both

Accepted Answer

An educated guess refers to a hypothesis, which is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that is testable and falsifiable. A theory, on the other hand, is a well-established explanation for a natural phenomenon that has been extensively tested and supported by numerous lines of evidence. Therefore, an educated guess is equivalent to a hypothesis, but not a theory.

Question 3

Science,art,and religion need not contradict one another because&#10;A)all three operate in different domains.&#10;B)choosing the correct one allows you can forget the other two.&#10;C)choosing religion and art allows you to dismiss science.&#10;D)choosing science means that you can forget about religion and art.

Accepted Answer

Science, art, and religion are different domains that deal with different aspects of human experience. Science deals with empirical facts and explanations, art with aesthetics and human creativity, and religion with the transcendent and spiritual dimensions of human existence. While they may sometimes overlap or appear to contradict one another, they can also complement and enrich one another in different ways. Therefore, it is not necessary to choose one over the other, but rather to appreciate and engage with each on their own terms.

Question 4

Which of the following involves passion,talent,and intelligence?&#10;A)art&#10;B)literature&#10;C)music&#10;D)science&#10;E)all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above (art, literature, music, and science) can involve passion, talent, and intelligence. However, some may argue that certain fields may require more of one aspect over the others (e.g. art may require more passion and talent, while science may require more intelligence). Ultimately, it depends on the individual and their strengths and interests.

Question 5

In science,a theory is&#10;A)an educated guess.&#10;B)less than a fact.&#10;C)a synthesis of a large body of well-tested knowledge.&#10;D)unchangeable.

Accepted Answer

A theory is not just an educated guess, but a well-supported synthesis of a large body of well-tested knowledge. It is more than a fact, as it involves a complex set of explanations and predictions for a phenomenon. Additionally, a theory is not unchangeable and can be modified or replaced as new evidence is discovered.

Question 6

A scientific hypothesis can be disproved with&#10;A)one reproducible experiment.&#10;B)disapproval of other scientists.&#10;C)many tests by many scientists.&#10;D)philosophical reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A scientific hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested through observation and experimentation. If the results of a single experiment consistently do not support the hypothesis, then it can be disproved. This is the basis of the scientific method: hypotheses are proposed, experiments are conducted to test them, and if the results do not support the hypothesis, it is rejected. Disapproval by other scientists (B) or many tests by many scientists (C) may indicate that a hypothesis is not widely accepted, but it does not necessarily disprove it. Philosophical reasoning (D) is not a valid way to test a scientific hypothesis.

Question 7

Which of the following is a scientific statement?&#10;A)the Moon is made of green cheese&#10;B)matter is filled with undetectable particles&#10;C)there are parts of the universe that will never be found by humans&#10;D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

The statement "the Moon is made of green cheese" is a scientific statement because it is testable and can be proven false through observation and evidence.

Question 8

The synthesis of a large collection of information that contains well-tested and verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the world is known as a scientific&#10;A)fact.&#10;B)hypothesis.&#10;C)law or principle.&#10;D)theory.&#10;E)none of the above

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is a synthesis of a large collection of information that contains well-tested and verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the world.

Question 9

Science is a body of knowledge that extends back to&#10;A)humankind's beginnings.&#10;B)Greece in the 7th century B.C.&#10;C)Italy in the 16th century.&#10;D)the time of Galileo.

Accepted Answer

Science, as a body of knowledge, has been studied since the beginning of human history. The earliest scientific discoveries relate to astronomy and agriculture, and date back thousands of years. Therefore, option A is the best choice. B, C, and D refer to specific periods or individuals in the history of science, but they do not represent the entirety of scientific knowledge.

Question 10

Scientific equations in a conceptual course are mainly&#10;A)recipes for plugging in numerical data.&#10;B)guides to thinking about the relationships between concepts.&#10;C)for mathematical problem solving.&#10;D)unfortunately a confusing way of explaining ideas.

Accepted Answer

Scientific equations in a conceptual course are not only meant to be used as recipes for plugging in numerical data or for mathematical problem solving. Their primary purpose is to provide a guide to thinking about the relationships between concepts. They are a way to express in a concise and precise way how different variables or factors are related to each other, and can help students develop a deeper understanding of the underlying principles and mechanisms of the phenomena they are studying. While they can sometimes be confusing or difficult to understand at first, they are an important tool for conceptualizing complex concepts and processes in science.

Question 11

A hypothesis that is scientific must have a test for proving it&#10;A)right.&#10;B)wrong.&#10;C)either.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A hypothesis that is scientific must have...

Question 12

The scientific method is most effective in&#10;A)making hypotheses.&#10;B)gaining,organizing,and applying new knowledge.&#10;C)discovering new things.&#10;D)making theories.&#10;E)performing experiments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The scientific method is most effective in&#10;A)making...

Question 13

In science,facts&#10;A)are absolute.&#10;B)may change.&#10;C)mean very little.&#10;D)are more important than theories.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In science,facts&#10;A)are absolute.&#10;B)may change.&#10;C)mean very little.&#10;D)are more...

Question 14

Science and technology are&#10;A)really one and the same.&#10;B)responsible for all the good in the world.&#10;C)responsible for all that is wrong in the world.&#10;D)fundamentally different from each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Science and technology are&#10;A)really one and the...

Question 15

Science is concerned mainly with the&#10;A)natural world.&#10;B)spiritual world.&#10;C)difference between right and wrong.&#10;D)search for eternal truths.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Science is concerned mainly with the&#10;A)natural world.&#10;B)spiritual...

Question 16

The language of science is&#10;A)mathematics.&#10;B)Latin.&#10;C)Chinese.&#10;D)Arabic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The language of science is&#10;A)mathematics.&#10;B)Latin.&#10;C)Chinese.&#10;D)Arabic....

Question 17

A truly educated person is knowledgeable about&#10;A)science.&#10;B)the arts.&#10;C)religion.&#10;D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of A truly educated person is knowledgeable about&#10;A)science.&#10;B)the...

Question 18

Which of these is a scientific hypothesis (that could be proved wrong)?&#10;A)atoms in proper proportions make us feel good&#10;B)atoms are in all the stars in the universe&#10;C)an atom is the smallest bit of matter in a material&#10;D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these is a scientific hypothesis...

Question 19

The statement,&#34;There are regions beneath the Earth's crust that will always be beyond the reach of scientific investigation,&#34; is&#10;A)a fact.&#10;B)speculation.&#10;C)a scientific statement.&#10;D)a theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The statement,&#34;There are regions beneath the Earth's...

Question 20

Success in science is mainly linked to emphasis on&#10;A)experiments.&#10;B)luck.&#10;C)trial and error.&#10;D)philosophical discussions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Success in science is mainly linked to...

Question 21

Technology is mainly&#10;A)a body of scientific knowledge.&#10;B)a tool of science.&#10;C)what is wrong with the world.&#10;D)a solution to all of mankind's problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Technology is mainly&#10;A)a body of scientific knowledge.&#10;B)a...

Question 22

Of the sciences known as physics,chemistry,and biology,the most basic is&#10;A)physics.&#10;B)chemistry.&#10;C)biology.&#10;D)none in particular,as each may be considered fundamental.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the sciences known as physics,chemistry,and biology,the...

Deck 29: Prologue: The Nature of Science