Deck 6: Kinds of Ecosystems and Communities

Question 1

Which biome is characterized by having no reptiles or amphibians and an abundance of migratory waterfowl?

A)desert
B)tundra
C)taiga
D)grassland

Answer 1

tundra

Question 2

Primary succession is

A)a progression that begins with a total lack of organisms.
B)of very short duration.
C)a progression that begins with destruction of an existing ecosystem.
D)All of these are correct.

Answer 2

a progression that begins with a total lack of organisms.

Question 3

Which is an example of a stage in secondary succession?

A)bare rock produced from a volcano
B)a forest regenerating after a forest fire
C)a new lake produced by damming a river
D)pure sand

Answer 3

a forest regenerating after a forest fire

Question 4

Mediterranean Shrublands (Chaparral)have been heavily impacted by humans because

A)they are near the oceans.
B)they have a moderate climate.
C)both they are near the oceans and they have a moderate climate.
D)None of these are correct.

Question 5

In addition to northern latitudes,patches of tundra-like plant communities are also found

A)in cold deserts.
B)in marshes.
C)in bogs.
D)on mountain tops.

Question 6

In a rainforest,most of the sunlight is captured by trees and therefore only

A)small plants grow there.
B)fast growing trees and shrubs grow there.
C)vines can grow underneath them.
D)shade-tolerant plants live beneath the canopy.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a threat to tropical rainforests?

A)logging
B)ranching
C)agriculture
D)All are threats.

Question 8

Each stage in the process of succession is called a

A)seral stage.
B)primary stage.
C)reef-forming stage.
D)None of these are correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?

A)They have fewer types of interactions among organisms than successional communities.
B)They have more kinds of organisms than successional communities.
C)They have a relatively constant biomass while successional communities tend to accumulate biomass.
D)They are able to maintain their mix of species and successional communities do not.

Question 10

Human impact on temperate forests include

A)farming.
B)logging.
C)population centers.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 11

Oceans cover approximately

A)40% of the earth's surface.
B)50% of the earth's surface.
C)60% of the earth's surface.
D)70% of the earth's surface.

Question 12

The two major factors influencing vegetation in biomes are

A)precipitation and temperature.
B)soil fertility and hydrology.
C)day length and climate.
D)topography and soil type.

Question 13

What is the dominant organism colonizing bare rock during primary succession?

A)bacteria
B)algae
C)lichens
D)submergent plants

Question 14

Human impact on desert areas is mainly due to which one of the following factors?

A)introduction of alien species
B)roads and highways
C)transport of water to deserts
D)None of these statements correct.

Question 15

In desert biomes,flowering usually coincides with

A)moisture availability.
B)Santa Ana winds.
C)cool summers.
D)migration of monarch butterflies.

Question 16

Which biome is characterized by tree frogs,large vines,and fruit-eating birds and bats?

A)grassland
B)savanna
C)tropical rainforest
D)tundra

Question 17

Which group of organisms forms the base of the energy pyramid in a pelagic marine ecosystem?

A)phytoplankton
B)zooplankton
C)bacteria
D)sea grass

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of temperate deciduous forests?

A)They have fewer species than a tropical rainforest.
B)They contain shade-tolerant spring wildflowers.
C)They produce useful plant products such as cashew nuts,vanilla,and rubber.
D)All of the choices are characteristics.

Question 19

Savannas are found in

A)Europe.
B)tropical parts of Africa.
C)Canada.
D)None of these are correct.

Question 20

Which biome is characterized by organisms that are inactive during the day and burrow underground?

A)tundra
B)taiga
C)rainforest
D)desert

Question 21

Savannas differ from grasslands by having

A)less annual precipitation.
B)lower average annual temperature.
C)no grazers.
D)a period of the year with heavy rain followed by a lack of rainfall.

Question 22

Which of the following best matches the description?
Area of grasses and reeds that is either flooded permanently or for most of the year.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT typical of a lake ecosystem?

A)many kinds of aquatic insects
B)plankton
C)a euphotic zone
D)corals

Question 24

Seasonal flooding of the Amazon can create wetland forests known as

A)the chaparral.
B)the tropical forest.
C)the varzea.
D)the terra firma.

Question 25

A floating bog is an example of a stage in

A)secondary succession.
B)aquatic primary succession.
C)terrestrial primary succession.
D)None of these are correct.

Question 26

Which of the following best matches the description?
Upper layer of the ocean where the sun's rays penetrate.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic zone

Question 27

Conservation easements can

A)decrease the economic value of a tract of land.
B)restrict access in order to protect endangered species.
C)prohibit the subdivision or development of a tract of land.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 28

What is the term used to describe a shallow,partially enclosed area where freshwater enters the ocean?

A)coral reef
B)abyssal ecosystem
C)mangrove swamp
D)estuary

Question 29

Shallow,warm,nutrient-rich lakes are described as

A)oligotrophic.
B)benthic.
C)eutrophic.
D)limnetic.

Question 30

Which of the following best matches the description?
Biome that lacks trees and has permanently frozen soil.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 31

The unusual forest biome occurring in California,Oregon,Washington,and British Columbia is called a

A)tropical rainforest.
B)boreal forest.
C)temperate rainforest.
D)temperate deciduous forest.

Question 32

All of the following must be in the euphotic zone EXCEPT

A)seaweed.
B)crabs.
C)phytoplankton.
D)corals.

Question 33

Which of the following best matches the description?
Region with rooted vegetation in a freshwater ecosystem.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 34

Which of the following best matches the description?
Biome that receives less than 25 cm of precipitation per year.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 35

Seaweed and other attached marine organisms prefer to grow in which of the following regions?

A)benthic
B)pelagic
C)abyssal
D)neritic

Question 36

Ecologists have learned that succession is influenced by many factors other than climate alone including

A)the evolution of new species.
B)invasive species,human land use history,and seed dispersal.
C)biogeochemical cycles,available oxygen,and superfund sites.
D)slope,wind patterns,and toxicity levels.

Question 37

Which of the following best matches the description?
Biome which is dominated by grass,and in which trees are rare.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 38

You would find a temperate rainforest along the coasts of all of the following locations except

A)southern Alaska.
B)northern California.
C)northern British Columbia.
D)northern New York.

Question 39

This biome has snow during the year,lacks trees,and has a short summer.

A)savanna
B)tundra
C)desert
D)Mediterranean shrubland (chaparral)

Question 40

Which of the following best matches the description?
Photosynthetic free-floating marine organisms.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 41

Mangrove swamps are tropical marine shoreline ecosystems dominated by trees.

Question 42

Tiny photosynthetic organisms that float near the ocean surface are called zooplankton.

Question 43

Coral reefs are cold-water marine ecosystems dominated by tubeworms.

Question 44

In an aquatic ecosystem,sedges and grasses are often found in central deeper portions of the body of water.

Question 45

Which of the following best matches the description?
Amount of oxygen used by decomposer organisms to degrade organic molecules in aquatic ecosystems.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 46

Organisms in each biome have adapted to the climatic conditions typical of that biome.

Question 47

Muddy shores are often poor in oxygen.

Question 48

The primary determiners of biomes are the amount and distribution of rainfall and the yearly temperature cycle.

Question 49

Which of the following best matches the description?
Early stages of succession that begin the soil-building process.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 50

Which of the following best matches the description?
Organisms that swim in the open ocean water.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 51

Hurricanes,flooding,and fire are examples of disturbances that result in secondary succession.

Question 52

Which of the following best matches the description?
Biome composed of a coniferous and deciduous trees with a short summer.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 53

In general,the soil of a climax community is less fertile than the soil of pioneer communities.

Question 54

Taiga,Northern Coniferous Forest,and Boreal Forest are names for the same type of biome.

Question 55

Which of the following best matches the description?
Attached organisms in freshwater streams and rivers.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 56

Most temperate deciduous forests have survived without impact from human activity due to their location.

Question 57

Which of the following best matches the description?
Organisms that live on the bottom of marine or freshwater ecosystems.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 58

Which of the following best matches the description?
Biome that has a long growing season,supports trees,has a change of seasons,and relatively evenly distributed annual precipitation.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 59

Which of the following best matches the description?
Biome dominated by grasses and fire- and drought-resistant trees.

A)phytoplankton
B)littoral zone
C)desert
D)pioneer community
E)grassland
F)boreal forest
G)pelagic
H)tundra
I)none of above
J)benthic
K)deciduous forest
L)biochemical oxygen demand
M)periphyton
N)marsh
O)savanna
P)euphotic

Question 60

Recently,biologists discovered a new community of organisms that live in the canopy of tropical rainforests.

Question 61

More than 50% of the original wetlands found in the United States have been drained and filled.

Question 62

Most grasslands in North America have been heavily influenced by:

A)Development of shopping malls.
B)Oil and gas development.
C)Agriculture and the grazing of domesticated animals.
D)Urban development.

Question 63

The United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization says what percent of the world's fisheries are "fully exploited."

A)10%
B)20%
C)50%
D)70%

Question 64

In order to save the northern spotted owl,________ was banned on much of the old-growth forest in the Pacific Northwest where the owl lives.

Question 65

Coral reefs can be altered by fishing and siltation from rivers.

Question 66

The upper layer of an aquatic ecosystem where sunlight penetrates is termed the euphotic zone.

Question 67

What percent of tallgrass prairie in the United States has been transformed into farmland and other uses?

A)5%
B)55%
C)79%
D)99%

Question 68

Asian carp were introduced into the waters of the United States

A)to remove algae from catfish ponds.
B)as a source of inexpensive protein.
C)to establish a commercial market.
D)for sport fishing.

Question 69

In the open ocean,light penetrates many miles to the ocean floor.

Question 70

Some planktonic organisms,known as ________,carry on photosynthesis and are the base of the food web in a pelagic ecosystem.

Question 71

Organisms that are not attached to the bottom of the ocean are called ________ organisms.

Question 72

Freshwater resources in lakes and rivers account for about 0.02% of the world's water.

Question 73

Rocky shores along the ocean provide surfaces for organisms to attach themselves.

Question 74

A conservation easement is:

A)A legally binding agreement.
B)A document that limits the future use or development of property.
C)A document that is placed on a piece of privately owned land.
D)All of the options are correct.

Question 75

Deep cold-water lakes with poor productivity are called oligotrophic systems.

Question 76

Regional terrestrial climax communities are called eutrophic systems.

Question 77

Name 4 of the 11 major biomes.

Question 78

Organisms that are attached to the bottom of an aquatic ecosystem are termed pelagic.