Deck 13: Blood, Heart, and Circulation

Question 1

Arteries usually carry blood high in oxygen toward the heart.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Blood pH should be between 7.55 - 7.65.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Blood is composed of formed elements and plasma.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The "buffy coat" is made up of thrombocytes and leukocytes.

Question 5

The circulatory system provides regulation through

A)clotting.
B)hormones.
C)immunity.
D)blood gases.

Question 6

Individuals with an increased hematocrit would probably be anemic.

Question 7

Iron is transported in the blood by the protein

A)globin.
B)fibrinogen.
C)transferrin.
D)albumin.

Question 8

Blood globulins include which of the following types?

A)alpha globulins
B)beta globulins
C)gamma globulins
D)All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

The major plasma protein is

A)alpha globulin.
B)beta globulin.
C)fibrinogen.
D)albumin.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true of venous blood?

A)moves toward the heart
B)always has lower oxygen content
C)is a dark red color
D)All of the choices are true.

Question 11

Inhibiting gastric function would stimulate

A)iron-deficiency anemia.
B)pernicious anemia.
C)aplastic anemia.
D)leukemia.

Question 12

The circulatory system helps maintain normal body temperature.

Question 13

A normal red blood cell count is in the range of __________ /mm³.

A)4.23-5.98 million
B)4,300-10,800
C)120-220
D)130-400 thousand

Question 14

The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system.

Question 15

Decreased liver protein synthesis would cause the amount of ______________ and ______________ in the blood to be decreased.

A)thromboplastin, RBCs
B)RBCs, WBCs
C)albumin, fibrinogen
D)platelets, albumin

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a transportation function of the circulatory system?

A)carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide
B)carrying metabolic waste
C)carrying leukocytes
D)carrying absorbed products of digestion

Question 17

How much blood does the average-sized adult have?

A)2 liters
B)4 liters
C)5 liters
D)7 liters

Question 18

What is the main component of an erythrocyte?

A)transferring
B)albumin
C)globulin
D)hemoglobin

Question 19

A normal hematocrit for women would be

A)30%.
B)40%.
C)48%.
D)52%.

Question 20

Serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen.

Question 21

When the wrong blood type is given to a patient, the antibodies in the patient's blood react with the antigens on the surface of the transfused blood causing a reaction called

A)neutralization.
B)precipitation.
C)agglutination.
D)coagulation.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a granular leukocyte?

A)neutrophil
B)eosinophil
C)monocyte
D)basophil

Question 23

Prostacyclin, PGI₂, prevents

A)vasodilation.
B)platelet aggregation.
C)vasoconstriction.
D)clot retraction.

Question 24

The platelet release reaction is initiated by platelets binding to exposed collagen in a broken membrane.

Question 25

Leukocytes secrete serotonin which will cause constriction of blood vessels, thus reducing the loss of blood.

Question 26

Blood clot dissolution is stimulated by tissue thromboplastin.

Question 27

Blood would clot more slowly in an individual with 100,000 platelets/mm³.

Question 28

What hormone stimulates the process of erythropoiesis?

A)multipotent growth factor-1
B)interleukin-1
C)erythropoietin
D)GM-CSF

Question 29

The most abundant leukocytes in the blood are the

A)eosinophils.
B)basophils.
C)neutrophils.
D)monocytes.

Question 30

The most common type of anemia is

A)polycythemia.
B)pernicious anemia.
C)iron-deficiency anemia.
D)aplastic anemia.

Question 31

What type of agranular cell found in the blood produces antibodies?

A)monocyte
B)plasma cell
C)basophil
D)neutrophil

Question 32

Granular leukocytes are derived from

A)erythroblasts.
B)lymphoblasts.
C)monoblasts.
D)myeloblasts.

Question 33

Mary has type AB blood.Which type of antibodies are present in her plasma?

A)anti-A
B)anti-B
C)anti-A and anti-B
D)Neither anti-A nor anti-B

Question 34

Erythroblastosis fetalis occurs when

A)the mother has blood type A and the fetus has blood type O.
B)the mother has Rh⁺ blood and the fetus has Rh^- blood.
C)the mother has Rh^- blood and the fetus has Rh⁺ blood.
D)the mother has type AB blood and the fetus has type O blood.

Question 35

________ development would be inhibited if the actions of granulocyte colony stimulating factor were blocked.

A)Thrombocytes
B)Neutrophils
C)Erythrocytes
D)Lymphocytes

Question 36

The prostaglandin, thromboxane A₂, stimulates

A)vasodilation.
B)platelet aggregation.
C)platelet repelling.
D)vasoconstriction.

Question 37

Polycythemia would be induced by

A)decreased oxygen in the blood.
B)increased oxygen in the blood.
C)decreased carbon dioxide in the blood.
D)increased infection in the blood.

Question 38

Which of the following stimulates the formation of the platelet plug?

A)von Willebrand's factor
B)ADP
C)thromboxane A₂
D)All of the choices aid in platelet plug formation.

Question 39

Which of the following does NOT inhibit platelet aggregation?

A)nitric oxide
B)prostacyclin
C)von Willebrand's factor
D)CD39

Question 40

John has blood typeB.In an emergency, John could receive which of the following blood types?

A)B only
B)AB only
C)O only
D)B or O

Question 41

The pulmonary veins returns oxygen depleted blood to the right atrium.

Question 42

What ion is necessary for the clotting process?

A)Na⁺
B)K⁺
C)Ca²⁺
D)Mg²⁺

Question 43

A greater pressure in the right ventricle than the aorta causes the aortic semilunar valve to open.

Question 44

The final protein that forms a blood clot is

A)fibrin.
B)thrombin.
C)thromboplastin.
D)plasmin.

Question 45

Kallikrein is the active form of plasminogen.

Question 46

The pathway of blood form the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is the

A)cardiac circulation.
B)systemic circulation.
C)pulmonary circulation.
D)pleural circulation.

Question 47

Aspirin inhibits blood clotting by directly preventing

A)thrombin formation.
B)platelet plug formation.
C)fibrin formation.
D)clot retraction.

Question 48

The annuli fibrosi are rings of epithelial tissue that support the heart valves.

Question 49

Endogenously applied ______________ or tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) can induce blood clot dissolution.

A)albumin
B)streptokinase
C)thromboxane A₂
D)penicillin

Question 50

Vitamin K is needed for

A)proper clotting factor function.
B)directly activating fibrinogen.
C)directly stabilizing the fibrin polymer.
D)activating antithrombin III.

Question 51

Hemophilia is

A)an X-linked trait.
B)more prevalent in women.
C)results in excessive blood clots.
D)All of the choices are correct.

Question 52

The oxygen content of arteries in the pulmonary circulation is high.

Question 53

What is the enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin?

A)prothrombin
B)thrombin
C)thromboplastin
D)plasmin

Question 54

Which anticoagulant and its action is NOT correctly matched?

A)aspirin - inhibits prostaglandin production and platelet aggregation
B)heparin - inhibits action of thrombin
C)coumadin - inhibits tissue thromboplastin
D)citrate - combines with calcium to prevent its function with clotting factors

Question 55

The ventricles are the pumps of the heart.

Question 56

The mitral valve is one of the two semilunar valves.

Question 57

Damage to tissues stimulates the activation of the ______________ blood clotting pathway.

A)complement
B)hemophilic
C)intrinsic
D)extrinsic

Question 58

The amount of blood ejected by the ventricles per beat is termed the

A)cardiac output.
B)end diastolic volume.
C)blood pressure.
D)stroke volume.

Question 59

What valve keeps blood from flowing back into the right atrium from the right ventricle?

A)tricuspid valve
B)bicuspid valve
C)mitral valve
D)pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 60

What structures keep the AV valves from everting under high ventricular pressure?

A)annuli fibrosis
B)interventricular and interatrial septa
C)papillary muscles and chordae tendineae.
D)semilunar valves

Question 61

An ECG lacking a T wave would occur if the sinoatrial node were not functioning.

Question 62

The T wave of the ECG represents atrial repolarization.

Question 63

When Ca²⁺ release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the heart are opened by an increase in Ca²⁺ in the cytoplasm, this is referred to as

A)calcium-induced fibrillation.
B)calcium-induced depolarization.
C)calcium-induced stimulated calcium release.
D)calcium-induced repolarization.

Question 64

The first heart sound is produced when the semilunar valves close.

Question 65

The action potential of cardiac pacemaker cells is caused by

A)inward diffusion of Na⁺.
B)inward diffusion of Ca²⁺.
C)inward diffusion of K⁺.
D)outward diffusion of K⁺.

Question 66

Closure of the atrioventricular valves occurs at the end of diastole/beginning of systole.

Question 67

During isovolumetric ventricular contraction ventricular pressure is

A)increasing.
B)decreasing.
C)unchanged.

Question 68

Cardiac ________ channels are called hyperpolarization cyclic nucleotide (HCN) channels because they open in response to hyperpolarization.

A)atrial
B)Purkinje
C)pacemaker
D)ventricular

Question 69

Bipolar limb lead three uses the

A)left and right arms.
B)left arm and left leg.
C)right arm and left leg.
D)left arm and right leg.

Question 70

The ______________ are the last part of the electrical conducting system of the heart.

A)SA node
B)AV bundle
C)Bundle of His
D)Purkinje fibers

Question 71

The P wave of an ECG represents

A)atrial repolarization.
B)atrial depolarization.
C)ventricular repolarization.
D)ventricular depolarization.

Question 72

The production and conduction of action potentials in the heart produces a recordable tracing of the electrical activity of the heart called a(n)

A)EMG.
B)depolarization.
C)heart scan.
D)ECG.

Question 73

Heart murmurs may be caused by ________, a condition in which valves are thickened and calcified.

A)stenosis
B)fibrillation
C)regurgitation
D)septal defect

Question 74

Ventricular depolarization

A)occurs prior to atrial depolarization.
B)appears as the T wave on an ECG.
C)appears as the P wave on an ECG.
D)occurs after atrial depolarization.

Question 75

The _________________ conducts impulses from the AV node to branches which lead to the Purkinje fibers.

A)AV valve
B)ventricular septum
C)AV bundle
D)SA node

Question 76

The action potential of nonpacemaker cells is due to the

A)inward diffusion of Na⁺.
B)inward diffusion of Ca²⁺.
C)inward diffusion of K⁺.
D)outward diffusion of K⁺.

Question 77

____________ binds and inactivates the sodium-potassium ATPase pumps of myocardial cell leading to increased intracellular calcium concentrations and stronger myocardial contractions.

A)Epinephrine
B)Digitalis
C)Nicotine
D)Caffeine

Question 78

In the fetus, blood can flow from the right atrium to the left atrium through the

A)tricuspid valve.
B)ductus arteriosus.
C)foramen ovale.
D)ductus venosus.

Question 79

During isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

A)left ventricular pressure exceeds aortic pressure.
B)atrial pressure is less than ventricular pressure.
C)ventricular pressure is increasing.
D)the atrioventricular valves are open.

Question 80

Increasing the number of slow Ca²⁺ channels open in the sinoatrial node increases heart rate.