Deck 18: Social Effects of Mass Communicationglossary

Question 1

Researchers argue that when culturally and socially diverse people become more similar due to heavy TV viewing,____________ has occurred.

A)catharsis
B)mainstreaming
C)resonance
D)framing
E)crystallization

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In a 2009 study that examined viewers of Grey's Anatomy

A)light viewers thought the program presented a credible portrayal of doctors
B)light viewers were more likely to believe that real-world doctors were courageous
C)both of these
D)neither of these

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Taken as a whole,surveys designed to measure the effects of exposure to violent TV have shown what type of relationship between aggressive behavior and viewing violent TV?

A)causal relationship
B)significant correlation
C)inverse relationship
D)causal,but only when controlling for income
E)no relationship at all

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The ___________ holds that people who view violent media content will be LESS inclined to behave violently themselves.

A)catharsis theory,which has been widely supported by research,
B)catharsis theory,which has not received much research support,
C)stimulation theory,which has been widely supported by research,
D)stimulation theory,which has not received much research support,
E)replication theory,which has not received much research support,

Question 5

Television's portrayal of law enforcement and crime consistently fails to represent reality because it over represents

A)the number of Americans with jobs who work in law enforcement
B)the number of crimes which are actually solved
C)the number of violent crimes such as murder
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely to be studied by agenda setting researchers?

A)CSI
B)Wheel of Fortune
C)the seven-volume series of Harry Potter books
D)Cosmopolitan magazine
E)The New York Times

Question 7

Children are likely to be most influenced by TV when:

A)the content reflects stereotypes
B)they are heavy viewers
C)they have limited interaction with other socializing agents
D)they don't have an alternative set of beliefs regarding what is being portrayed
E)all of these

Question 8

This type of research investigates whether heavy TV viewers have a distorted view of the world-a view that reflects the world represented on television.

A)catharsis
B)alternative view theory
C)cultivation analysis
D)agenda setting
E)agenda building

Question 9

The ___________ may occur when people are excessively selective about the media content they consume,and possibly become ignorant about the rest of the world.

A)cocoon effect
B)knowledge gap
C)spiral of silence
D)cultivation effect
E)resonance effect

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true?

A)violent video games have raised the same concerns as violent TV programs
B)surveys,experiments and panel studies have been used to investigate the impact of violent video games
C)the type of game and the time spent playing do not seem to have an impact on results
D)teens studied in Japan and the U.S.who played violent games became more aggressive over time
E)all of these are true

Question 11

In terms of media effects on prosocial behavior,

A)experiments have found media content can encourage prosocial behavior
B)prosocial messages do not change day-to-day behavior
C)surveys have not asked about prosocial behavior
D)surveys have proved that watching prosocial content increases tolerance
E)none of these

Question 12

Researchers argue that television has

A)affected politics in only a minor way
B)affected politics by increasing mainstreaming
C)affected only the voters,not the process
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 13

Which medium may play the greatest role in socialization?

A)radio
B)books
C)film
D)television
E)Internet

Question 14

People have been concerned about media effects on behavior since the:

A)1940s,when people feared the influence of radio on politics
B)1950s & 1960s,with the explosive growth of TV
C)1970s & 1980s,with the Surgeon General's report linking exposure to TV violence with antisocial behavior
D)the mid-1990s,with the introduction of the V-chip
E)the late 1990s,in the wake of the Columbine High School shootings

Question 15

Our reliance on computers may have unintentionally made us vulnerable to threats to our:

A)privacy
B)personal habits
C)marketing efforts
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 16

If the mass media strengthen people's previously held attitudes and opinions,_______ has occurred.

A)agenda setting
B)crystallization
C)reinforcement
D)framing
E)stimulation

Question 17

The ________ concept believes that the media not only tell us what to think about,but also how to think about it.

A)spiral of silence
B)agenda setting
C)framing
D)mainstreaming
E)agenda building

Question 18

Taken as a whole,panel studies designed to measure the effects of exposure to violent TV have shown what type of relationship between aggressive behavior and viewing violent TV?

A)causal relationship
B)inverse relationship
C)mutual causal connection,but it is small and influenced by individual and cultural factors
D)causal,but only when controlling for income
E)no relationship at all

Question 19

A typical teen in 2008 spent about 9 hours a week

A)online
B)using social media
C)watching YouTube
D)doing school-related work
E)playing online games

Question 20

The _________ effect is more likely with undecided voters than with those who have already made up their minds.

A)agenda setting
B)crystallization
C)reinforcement
D)framing
E)stimulation

Question 21

Lab experiments have shown that media content can affect behaviors such as cooperation and self-control.

Question 22

The catharsis theory says that exposure to violent media content will actually reduce aggressive actions.

Question 23

A 2007 panel study done by researchers at the Child Health Institute at the University of Washington found that viewing violent TV at ages 3-5 was associated with increased risk of anti-social behavior in boys.

Question 24

Agenda setting means that the media have the ability to choose and emphasize certain topics,causing the public to perceive these issues as important.

Question 25

Survey research has proven that the mass media play a significant role in creating viewers' attitudes.

Question 26

Magazines and radio are serving increasingly specialized audiences,but TV,film,and other media are unlikely to do the same.

Question 27

Survey results have been fairly consistent suggesting a correlation between playing violent video games and increased aggressive behavior.Have you observed these findings to be correct?

Question 28

A survey usually consists of a large group of individuals answering questions on a questionnaire.

Question 29

Both TV and film have caused public concern about media effects,and have long been investigated by scholars; the effects of radio,on the other hand,were not considered important and were not researched.

Question 30

The results of lab experiments are less likely to be contaminated by external factors than are the results of field experiments.

Question 31

The Internet seems to have had more impact on TV usage than other media.

Question 32

Media exposure is much more likely to result in voter conversion than in crystallization.

Question 33

Do you see evidence that social media does affect agenda setting and that social media sites are used by readers to see what is more important rather than relying on media gatekeepers?

Question 34

The mass media industry as a whole is one of many agents of socialization.

Question 35

Recent surveys indicate that candidates who use a lot of negative advertising tend to receive a lower proportion of the vote.

Question 36

Cultivation analysis,which focuses on the long-term effects of media exposure,has shown that for some people heavy TV use leads to distorted perceptions of the real world.

Question 37

Agenda building research focuses on how the media influence not only what we think are important issues but also our attitude toward those issues.