Deck 6: Body Composition

Question 1

What is the approximate percentage of Americans classified as obese?

A)5%
B)15%
C)30%
D)60%

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which lifestyle change can benefit a person with diabetes?

A)increasing daily physical activity
B)increasing intake of refined carbohydrates
C)increasing the intake of saturated fats
D)decreasing fiber intake

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which is true for type 2 diabetes?

A)It occurs in 50% of people diagnosed with diabetes.
B)It is best prevented through a healthy diet and regular physical activity.
C)It always requires insulin injections as a method of treatment.
D)It has obvious symptoms in the early stages.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What makes up the condition called the "female athlete triad"?

A)abnormal eating patterns,premature osteoporosis,and amenorrhea
B)abnormal eating patterns,premature osteoporosis,and insulin sensitivity
C)abnormal eating patterns,premature osteoporosis,and dysmenorrhea
D)premature osteoporosis,insulin sensitivity,and dysmenorrhea

Question 5

Which is a definition of essential fat?

A)fat primarily within fat cells
B)fat incorporated into muscle
C)fat incorporated into body tissues
D)fat found primarily under the skin

Question 6

Which condition are people who tend to gain weight in the abdominal area at a greater risk for developing?

A)late-onset wasting disease
B)diabetes
C)muscle wasting
D)macular degeneration

Question 7

Which is true about type 1 diabetes?

A)It accounts for 5% to 10% of all cases of diabetes.
B)It may often be completely controlled through diet and exercise.
C)It often goes undiagnosed.
D)It usually develops after age 40.

Question 8

Which factor can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes?

A)lower weight
B)a diet high in monounsaturated fat
C)age
D)physical activity

Question 9

Which is true about those with an "apple shape"?

A)They have a decreased risk of heart disease,diabetes,and mortality.
B)They tend to be lean and muscular,with wedged-shaped bodies.
C)They have an increased risk of heart disease,diabetes,and mortality.
D)They gain fitness easily and tend to excel at physical activities and sports.

Question 10

For which group of people does metabolic syndrome increase the risk of heart disease?

A)men and women
B)men but not women
C)women but not men
D)children only

Question 11

Why do women have a higher proportion of essential fat than men?

A)Women have essential fat deposited in gender-specific sites.
B)Women have lower metabolic rates.
C)Women have less muscle tissue.
D)Women tend to expend less energy in physical activity.

Question 12

What does successful management of body composition require?

A)a very low calorie diet
B)an active lifestyle only
C)a very low calorie diet and an active lifestyle
D)long-term,consistent coordination of many aspects of a wellness program

Question 13

People who gain weight in the ________ are at greater risk for early onset heart disease.

A)thighs
B)hips
C)abdomen
D)buttocks

Question 14

What is one possible explanation for the increase in obesity among Americans over the past 40 years?

A)fewer meals eaten outside the home
B)less time spent in sedentary work
C)lower consumption of fast food
D)increased portion sizes

Question 15

What level of body fat in women may signal amenorrhea and loss of body mass?

A)3-5%
B)8-12%
C)15-20%
D)20-25%

Question 16

What level of body fat in a man may signal muscle wasting and fatigue?

A)3-5%
B)8-12%
C)15-20%
D)20-25%

Question 17

Which is a symptom of metabolic syndrome?

A)low blood pressure
B)resistance to the effects of insulin
C)low blood glucose levels
D)subnormal blood fat levels

Question 18

Upon which do height and weight tables rely?

A)insurance company mortality statistics
B)national fitness data
C)individual fitness assessments
D)body density information

Question 19

What level of body fat in women may signal amenorrhea and loss of body mass?

A)3-5%
B)8-12%
C)15-20%
D)20-25%

Question 20

What condition do obese people develop at three times the rate of non-obese people?

A)pneumonia
B)hypertension
C)diabetes
D)influenza

Question 21

Men have a higher percentage of essential fat than women.

Question 22

Body fat located under the skin is called intra-abdominal fat.

Question 23

What is the error range for skin-fold measurements?

A) $\pm$ 2%
B) $\pm$ 11%
C) $\pm$ 4%
D) $\pm$ 7%

Question 24

Body fat located under the skin is called subcutaneous fat.

Question 25

Essential body fat is located just below the skin.

Question 26

Fifty percent of Americans are obese.

Question 27

Which method of body composition assessment involves passing the body through a magnetic field?

A)skin-folds
B)TOBEC
C)DEXA
D)Bod Pod

Question 28

What BMI range is considered healthy according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH)and the World Health Organization (WHO)?

A)between 12.5 and 17.5
B)between 15.5 and 20.5
C)between 18.5 and 24.9
D)between 22.5 and 27.5

Question 29

Hydrostatic weighing uses which statistic to predict the percentage of body fat?

A)body mass index
B)body density
C)fat weight
D)height and total body weight

Question 30

A waist-to-hip ratio above 1.0 is

A)associated with a significantly increased risk of disease.
B)acceptable for both men and women.
C)acceptable for men only.
D)acceptable for women only.

Question 31

How is a person with a body mass index of 31.2 classified?

A)underweight
B)normal weight
C)overweight
D)obese

Question 32

Two people of the same body weight may have different values of percent body fat.

Question 33

Most of the fat in the body is stored in fat cells called adipose tissue.

Question 34

Which approach helps avoid errors in bioelectrical impedance analysis?

A)Using a variety of instruments to compare measures over time
B)Avoiding dehydration prior to the measurement
C)Avoiding deep breathing during the measurement
D)Avoiding underhydration prior to the measurement

Question 35

For a person who is overweight,increasing physical activity can benefit health even if it doesn't result in a change in body weight or percent body fat.

Question 36

Which statement about skin-fold measurements is true?

A)They are difficult to perform on a normal weight individual.
B)They are an expensive mode of assessing body composition.
C)They are a practical way to assess body composition.
D)They are not very precise.

Question 37

Regular physical activity and exercise have no effect on many of the destructive effects of obesity.

Question 38

For which condition does a BMI value of 17.5 or less become a diagnostic criterion?

A)obesity
B)fat-weight
C)pre-diabetes
D)anorexia nervosa

Question 39

How is a person with a body mass index of 26.5 classified?

A)underweight
B)normal weight
C)overweight
D)obese

Question 40

Which technique for evaluating health risks associated with body weight is based on the concept that a person's weight should be proportional to his or her height?

A)underwater weighing
B)body mass index
C)skinfold measurement
D)bioelectrical impedance analysis

Question 41

People who tend to gain weight in the hip area have a higher incidence of coronary heart disease than do people who gain weight in the abdominal area.

Question 42

A total waist measurement over 37.5 inches is associated with an increased risk of disease for men.

Question 43

State the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Americans,and list at least three factors that have contributed to recent increases in their prevalence.

Question 44

Define type 1 diabetes,type 2 diabetes,prediabetes,and gestational diabetes.List three risk factors and three preventive strategies for type 2 diabetes.

Question 45

Body mass index is a measure of a person's percentage of body fat.

Question 46

A woman with approximately 22% of total body weight as fat is at risk for amenorrhea and loss of bone mass.

Question 47

People who are significantly overweight should seek the help of a physician in setting body composition goals.

Question 48

The majority of people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes unless they make lifestyle changes.

Question 49

Describe the health effects of too much and too little body fat.

Question 50

There is no cure for diabetes,but it can be managed through diet and exercise.

Question 51

The cause of type 2 diabetes is the pancreas producing little or no insulin.

Question 52

Explain the components of the female athlete triad and the health effects associated with the triad.

Question 53

Describe body composition,including the concepts of essential fat,overweight,and obesity.

Question 54

Body composition changes before weight changes.

Question 55

Nearly 90% of type 2 diabetes cases are preventable with healthy lifestyle choices.

Question 56

Bioelectrical impedance analysis estimates the percentage of body fat by sending a small electrical current through the body.

Question 57

Prolonged amenorrhea can lead to osteoporosis.

Question 58

Muscle mass has a higher density than fat mass.

Question 59

A body mass index of 28.5 is classified as normal weight.

Question 60

The Bod Pod estimates percent body fat through water displacement.

Question 61

Describe the steps an individual should take if he or she is significantly overweight and/or has known risk factors for disease.

Question 62

List and describe three techniques for estimating percent body fat.

Question 63

Define body mass index,and explain how it is calculated.List the NIH and WHO classifications and cutoffs for BMI.