Deck 13: Blood,Heart and Circulation

Question 1

How much blood does the average-sized adult have?

A)2 liters
B)4 liters
C)5 liters
D)7 liters

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Dark red colored blood would be found in

A)arteries.
B)veins.
C)heart.
D)capillaries.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The circulatory system provides regulation through

A)clotting.
B)hormones.
C)immunity.
D)blood gases.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The circulatory system helps to maintain normal body temperature.

Question 5

The capillaries' function is exchange of gases,nutrients,and wastes with the tissues.

Question 6

Decreased liver protein synthesis would cause the amount of ______________ and ______________ in the blood to be decreased.

A)thromboplastin,RBCs
B)RBCs,WBCs
C)albumin,fibrinogen
D)platelets,albumin

Question 7

How does the circulatory system provide protection for the body?

A)prevents blood loss through clotting
B)leukocytes fight infection
C)provides the body's immunity
D)All apply

Question 8

Blood is composed of formed elements and plasma.

Question 9

A normal hematocrit for women would be

A)30%.
B)40%.
C)48%.
D)52%.

Question 10

The major plasma protein is

A)alpha globulin.
B)beta globulin.
C)fibrinogen.
D)albumin.

Question 11

Blood pH should be between 7.55 - 7.65.

Question 12

Blood globulins include which of the following types?

A)alpha globulins
B)beta globulins
C)gamma globulins
D)All apply.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a transportation function of the circulatory system?

A)carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide
B)carrying metabolic waste
C)carrying leukocytes
D)carrying absorbed products of digestion

Question 14

The "buffy coat" is made up of thrombocytes and leukocytes.

Question 15

Veins carry blood away from the heart.

Question 16

Arteries usually carry blood high in oxygen towards the heart.

Question 17

The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system.

Question 18

Interstitial fluid is derived from

A)lymph.
B)cells.
C)plasma.
D)formed elements.

Question 19

Serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true of venous blood?

A)moves toward the heart
B)always has lower oxygen content
C)is a dark red color
D)All apply

Question 21

Which part of the red blood cell can bind to oxygen?

A)globin part of hemoglobin
B)cell cytoplasm
C)heme part of hemoglobin
D)plasma membrane

Question 22

Individuals with an increased hematocrit would probably be anemic.

Question 23

Iron is transported in the blood by the protein

A)globin.
B)fibrinogen.
C)transferrin.
D)albumin.

Question 24

A normal red blood cell count is in the range of __________ /mm³.

A)4.23-5.98 million
B)4,300-10,800
C)120-220
D)130-400 thousand

Question 25

What is the main component of an erythrocyte?

A)transferring
B)albumin
C)globulin
D)hemoglobin

Question 26

Inhibiting gastric function would stimulate

A)iron-deficiency anemiA.
B)pernicious anemia.
C)aplastic anemia.
D)leukemia.

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a granular leukocyte?

A)neutrophil
B)eosinophil
C)monocyte
D)basophil

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of white blood cells?

A)have nuclei and mitochondria
B)have amoeboid movement
C)can leave blood vessels
D)makes up the major formed element

Question 29

The process of blood cell formation is

A)leukocytosis.
B)polycythemia.
C)hematopoiesis.
D)hemogenesis.

Question 30

Which blood globulin is an antibody that helps fight infection?

A)alpha globulin
B)beta globulin
C)gamma globulin
D)None apply

Question 31

Blood would clot more slowly in an individual with 100,000 platelets/mm³.

Question 32

Leukocytes secrete serotonin which will cause constriction of blood vessels,thus reducing the loss of blood.

Question 33

Polycythemia would be induced by

A)decreased oxygen in the blood.
B)increased oxygen in the blood.
C)decreased carbon dioxide in the blood.
D)increased infection in the blooD.

Question 34

Granular leukocytes are derived from

A)erythroblasts.
B)lymphoblasts.
C)monoblasts.
D)myeloblasts.

Question 35

The most abundant leukocytes in the blood are the

A)eosinophils.
B)basophils.
C)neutrophils.
D)monocytes.

Question 36

What type of cell found in the blood produces antibodies?

A)monocyte
B)plasma cell
C)basophil
D)neutrophil

Question 37

Having no nucleus,a biconcave shape,and the function of gas transport would describe a

A)red blood cell.
B)platelet.
C)white blood cell.
D)albumin.

Question 38

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are also known as

A)basophils.
B)neutrophils.
C)eosinophils.
D)monocytes.

Question 39

________ development would be inhibited if the actions of granulocyte colony stimulating factor were blocked.

A)Thrombocytes
B)Neutrophils
C)Erythrocytes
D)Lymphocytes

Question 40

The most common type of anemia is

A)polycythemiA.
B)pernicious anemia.
C)iron-deficiency anemia.
D)aplastic anemia.

Question 41

How does hepcidin function in iron homeostasis?

A)increases production of transferrin
B)promotes cellular storage of iron by removing ferroportin channels in enterocytes
C)promotes production and insertion of ferroportin channels in enterocytes
D)increases macrophage destruction of old red blood cells to release iron

Question 42

John has blood type

A)B only
B)AB only
B)In an emergency,John could receive which of the following blood types?
C)O only
D)B or O

Question 43

Erythroblastosis fetalis occurs when

A)the mother has blood type A and the fetus has blood type O.
B)the mother has Rh⁺ blood and the fetus has Rh^- blood.
C)the mother has Rh^- blood and the fetus has Rh⁺ blood.
D)the mother has type AB blood and the fetus has type O blooD.

Question 44

What organ secretes erythropoietin?

A)kidneys
B)liver
C)bone marrow
D)lungs

Question 45

The prostaglandin,thromboxane A₂,stimulates

A)vasodilation.
B)platelet aggregation.
C)platelet repelling.
D)vasoconstriction.

Question 46

The platelet release reaction is initiated by platelets binding to exposed collagen in a broken membrane.

Question 47

What substances are needed to produce red blood cells?

A)vitamin B12
B)folic acid
C)iron
D)All apply

Question 48

What type of antigens are present in Type O blood?

A)A only
B)B only
C)both A and B
D)neither A nor B

Question 49

What hormone stimulates the process of erythropoiesis?

A)multipotent growth factor-1
B)interleukin-1
C)erythropoietin
D)GM-CSF

Question 50

What is the stimulus for the release of erythropoietin?

A)low RBC count
B)decreased blood oxygen levels
C)low amount of hemoglobin
D)All apply

Question 51

Which of the following does NOT inhibit platelet aggregation?

A)nitric oxide
B)prostacyclin
C)von Willebrand's factor
D)CD39

Question 52

CD39 enzyme

A)breaks down fibrin.
B)inhibits COX-1.
C)binds to damaged collagen.
D)breaks down ADP to AMP and P_i.

Question 53

Prostacyclin,PGI₂,prevents

A)vasodilation.
B)platelet aggregation.
C)vasoconstriction.
D)clot retraction.

Question 54

Mary has type AB blood.Which type of antibodies are present in her plasma?

A)anti-A
B)anti-B
C)anti-A and anti-B
D)Neither anti-A nor anti-B

Question 55

What is the major hemotopoietic organ in the fetus?

A)liver
B)spleen
C)red bone marrow
D)kidneys

Question 56

Blood clot dissolution is stimulated by tissue thromboplastin.

Question 57

When the wrong blood type is given to a patient,the antibodies in the patient's blood react with the antigens on the surface of the transfused blood causing a reaction called

A)neutralization.
B)precipitation.
C)agglutination.
D)coagulation.

Question 58

A person with Rh^- blood will normally have antibodies against Rh present in their blood.

Question 59

Which of the following stimulates the formation of the platelet plug?

A)von Willebrand's factor
B)ADP
C)thromboxane A₂
D)All apply

Question 60

What protein regulates iron homeostasis?

A)hepcidin
B)ferritin
C)cytokine
D)multipotent growth factor-1

Question 61

What is the enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin?

A)prothrombin
B)thrombin
C)thromboplastin
D)plasmin

Question 62

Endogenously applied ______________ or tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)can induce blood clot dissolution.

A)albumin
B)streptokinase
C)thromboxane A₂
D)penicillin

Question 63

The oxygen content of arteries in the pulmonary circulation is high.

Question 64

Which anticoagulant and its action is NOT correctly matched?

A)aspirin - inhibits prostaglandin production and platelet aggregation
B)heparin - inhibits action of thrombin
C)coumadin - inhibits tissue thromboplastin
D)citrate - combines with calcium to prevent its function with clotting factors

Question 65

The final protein that forms a blood clot is

A)fibrin.
B)thrombin.
C)thromboplastin.
D)plasmin.

Question 66

A greater pressure in the right ventricle than the aorta causes the aortic semilunar valve to open.

Question 67

The mitral valve is one of the two semilunar valves.

Question 68

What ion is necessary for the clotting process?

A)Na⁺
B)K⁺
C)Ca²⁺
D)Mg²⁺

Question 69

Vitamin K is needed for

A)proper clotting factor function.
B)directly activating fibrinogen.
C)directly stabilizing the fibrin polymer.
D)activating antithrombin III.

Question 70

Damage to tissues stimulates the activation of the ______________ blood clotting pathway.

A)complement
B)hemophilic
C)intrinsic
D)extrinsic

Question 71

Kallikrein is the active form of plasminogen.

Question 72

Hemophilia is

A)an X-linked trait.
B)more prevalent in women.
C)results in excessive blood clots.
D)All apply

Question 73

Kallikrein is responsible for

A)clot dissolution.
B)serum production.
C)platelet plug formation.
D)fibrin formation.

Question 74

The annuli fibrosi are rings of epithelial tissue that support the heart valves.

Question 75

The pulmonary veins return oxygen depleted blood to the right atrium.

Question 76

Aspirin inhibits blood clotting by directly preventing

A)thrombin formation.
B)platelet plug formation.
C)fibrin formation.
D)clot retraction.

Question 77

The ventricles are the pumps of the heart.

Question 78

Both the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways activate factors that

A)convert prothrombin to thrombin.
B)convert fibrinogen to fibrin.
C)convert plasminogen to plasmin.
D)None apply

Question 79

The pathway of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is the

A)cardiac circulation.
B)systemic circulation.
C)pulmonary circulation.
D)pleural circulation.

Question 80

What is the role of serotonin in blood clotting?

A)causes platelets to become sticky
B)enhances the platelet release reaction
C)causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels to slow loss of blood
D)converts fibrinogen to fibrin