Deck 7: Managing Workplace Stress

Question 1

When stress evokes a positive or uplifting outcome,it is referred to as euphoria.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Three key factors determine whether an experience is likely to result in stress.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Type B personalities typically have a confident style that allows them to work at a steady pace and not to race against the clock.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Social support has been shown to reduce stress among highly trained professionals but has been found to have limited utility for unskilled workers.

Question 5

Burnout is a psychological process.

Question 6

Self-efficacy is personality attribute typically thought to be a "direct effect" and not a moderator of stress.

Question 7

Kobasa proposes that individuals who experience high rates of change without consequently suffering health problems might differ in terms of personality from those who do.She refers to the personality characteristic as hardiness.

Question 8

Among the individual outcomes of stress,those classified as psychological are perhaps the most dysfunctional because they can in turn contribute to physical illness.

Question 9

Both Type A and Type B personalities may have considerable drive,want to accomplish things,and work hard.

Question 10

The relationship between stress and outcomes is by definition direct.

Question 11

A person with high self-efficacy is more likely to perceive potential stressors as challenges and opportunities,rather than threats and problems.

Question 12

Work overload may be of three types: qualitative,quantitative and universal.

Question 13

Social support systems in an organization are by definition formal in structure.

Question 14

Stress can be defined as either a stimulus or a response.

Question 15

While the Type B individual generally feels no pressing conflict with time,they typically share a similar conflict profile to pepole as do those identified with TABPs.

Question 16

The relationship between self-efficacy and stress is not confined to one part of the stress process.

Question 17

Long-duration stress is sometimes referred to as chronic stress.

Question 18

TABP has been associated with ulcers,insomnia,and depression.

Question 19

Stress outcomes are associated with both individual and organizational consequences.

Question 20

Acute stress may last for a few seconds or even a few hours but never more than a day.

Question 21

Stress can produce a variety of __________ consequences,including anxiety,frustration,apathy,lowered self-esteem,aggression,and depression.

A)physiological
B)psychological
C)psychotropic
D)pathological

Question 22

The experience of work-related and extraorganizational stress produces ___________ outcomes.

A)behavioral
B)cognitive
C)physiological
D)All of the above

Question 23

Cognitive outcomes associated with stress include all of the following except ___________.

A)poor concentration
B)mental blocks
C)frustration
D)decreased attention spans

Question 24

Kobasa,proposes that individuals who experience high rates of change without consequently suffering health problems might differ in terms of personality from those who do.She refers to the personality characteristic as ___________.

A)fortitude
B)robustness
C)hardiness
D)resilience

Question 25

Jan feels she has too many things to do and insufficient time to complete her job.Jan may be suffering from ___________ overload.

A)qualitative
B)quantitative
C)role
D)stress

Question 26

When stress evokes a positive or uplifting outcome,it is referred to as ___________.

A)euphoria
B)eustress
C)anti-stress
D)the Selye effect

Question 27

Stress of short duration is sometimes referred to as _______ stress while long-duration stress is sometimes referred to as _________ stress.

A)acute,chronic
B)acute,clinical
C)point,long term
D)transitory,translational

Question 28

EAPs are typically used in the selection process to assess P-O fit.

Question 29

People with the hardiness personality trait ___________.

A)believe that they can control the events they encounter
B)are extremely committed to the activities in their lives
C)treat change in their lives as a challenge
D)All of the above

Question 30

EAPs are designed to deal with both work and nonwork related problems.

Question 31

Research suggests that cognitive techniques to reduce stress are generally ineffective.

Question 32

The key factors that determine whether an experience is likely to result in stress are ___________.

A)importance and uncertainty
B)uncertainty and duration
C)importance and duration
D)importance,uncertainty and duration

Question 33

A comprehensive survey of American workers concluded that a ______ of them experienced job-related depressions.

A)fifth
B)quarter
C)third
D)majority

Question 34

One crucial success factor for any EAP is that it be administered outside of the organization to promote trust.

Question 35

The term stress itself has been defined in literally hundreds of ways in the literature.Virtually all of the definitions present stress as ___________.

A)a stimulus
B)a response
C)either a stimulus or a response
D)None of the above

Question 36

Being torn by conflicting demands from a supervisor about the job and being pressured to get along with people with whom you are not compatible are both examples of ___________.

A)personality conflict
B)structural conflict
C)role conflict
D)interpersonal conflict

Question 37

Pat believes there has been a violation of the "psychological contract" she had with her employer.This violation most likely also represents a breakdown in P-E fit.

Question 38

As organizations attempt to increase productivity,while decreasing work-force size,___________ is likely to increase.

A)quantitative overload
B)qualitative overload
C)universal overload
D)None of the above

Question 39

__________ overload occurs when people feel they lack the ability needed to complete their jobs or that performance standards have been set too high.

A)Qualitative
B)Quantitative
C)Role
D)Stress

Question 40

In a study that examined the relationship of overload,underload,and stress,executives _________ reported more significant medical problems.

A)at the high end of the stress range
B)at the low end of the stress range
C)universally
D)at both the low and high ends of the stress range

Question 41

The person with TABP demonstrates certain characteristics which include ___________.

A)the perception of potential stressors as challenges and opportunities,rather than threats and problems
B)feeling confident in abilities and job performance
C)chronically struggling to get as many things done as possible in the shortest time period
D)Both A and C

Question 42

If you are low on _________,you have a tendency to be antagonistic,unsympathetic,and even rude,toward others.These attributes increase the likelihood you will find other people to be a source of stress.

A)extroversion
B)emotional stability
C)agreeableness
D)None of the above are associated with stress

Question 43

Jane has learned to control several of her internal body processes.She is most likely practicing ___________.

A)biofeedback
B)relaxation training
C)meditation
D)EAP

Question 44

Applying the concept of locus of control to stress; ___________.

A)internals typically always experience more stress than externals
B)externals typically always experience more stress than internals
C)internals and externals respond to stressors in similar manners
D)None of the above

Question 45

Joe feels confident in his abilities and job performance.He is likely to perceive potential stressors as challenges and opportunities,rather than threats and problems.He can be described as having _________.

A)low self-efficacy
B)high self-efficacy
C)internal-efficacy
D)high locus of efficacy

Question 46

Psychologically,successful ________ results in enhanced feelings of well-being,peacefulness and calm,a clear sense of being in control,and a reduction in tension and anxiety.

A)biofeedback
B)relaxation
C)meditation
D)EAP

Question 47

Erin has just returned from a class where participants learned to gain more control over their reactions to stressors by modifying their thought processes.Erin most likely was learning ________ techniques.

A)biofeedback
B)relaxation
C)meditation
D)cognitive

Question 48

A high degree of involvement in,identification with,or commitment to one's job or profession ___________ burnout.

A)is a symptom of
B)is a necessary prerequisite for
C)prevents
D)has no relation to

Question 49

Researchers have identified several factors that are particularly important contributors to burnout.These factors include ___________.

A)high levels of work overload
B)dead-end jobs
C)excessive red tape and paperwork
D)All of the above

Question 50

Physiological outcomes associated with stress could include all of the following except ___________.

A)increased blood glucose levels
B)elevated stomach acid production
C)hot and cold flashes
D)decreased attention spans

Question 51

Those low on ________ are more likely to be poorer performers,receive fewer rewards,and generally be less successful in their careers.

A)agreeableness
B)conscientiousness
C)emotional stability
D)extroversion

Question 52

Which personality dimension within the Big Five model is most clearly related to stress?

A)Extroversion
B)Emotional stability
C)Agreeableness
D)None of the above are specifically associated with stress

Question 53

Among the individual outcomes of stress,those classified as ___________ are typically the most dysfunctional.

A)psychological
B)physiological
C)cognitive
D)None of the above as all outcomes are thought to be equally dysfunctional

Question 54

For an EAP program to be successful,employees must trust that ___________.

A)the program can and will provide real help
B)confidentiality will be maintained
C)use of the program carries no negative implications for job security or future advancement
D)All of the above

Question 55

Jan has a low tolerance for ambiguity and is considering working for an organizational environment where there is little structure.This employment relationship is likely to manifest __________.

A)low EAP
B)low P-E fit
C)low EP fit
D)None of the above

Question 56

Those high on ____________ are better prepared to deal with stressors associated with change.

A)extroversion
B)emotional stability
C)agreeableness
D)openness o experience

Question 57

Joe has been practicing a technique that he claims has increased the left-side brain activities and reduced the right-side activity.He is most likely practicing ___________.

A)biofeedback
B)relaxation training
C)meditation
D)EAP

Question 58

Wellness programs focus on ___________.

A)the employee's overall physical health
B)the employee's overall mental health
C)are designed to deal with a wide range of stress-related problems,both work and nonwork related,including behavioral and emotional difficulties,substance abuse,and family and marital discord,and other personal problems.
D)the employee's overall physical and mental health

Question 59

The underlying assumption of _________ techniques is that people's thoughts,in the form of expectations,beliefs,and assumptions,are labels they apply to situations,and these labels elicit emotional responses to the situation.

A)biofeedback
B)relaxation
C)meditation
D)cognitive

Question 60

Jane gives a coworker feedback and affirmation.She has provided ___________.

A)appraisal support
B)informational support
C)social affirmation support
D)positive reinforcement

Question 61

Three key factors determine whether an experience is likely to result in stress.Describe these factors.

Question 62

Describe the classifications of individual stress outcomes.

Question 63

Using the Big Five model of personality,describe how personality is related to stress.

Question 64

While there may be no one best approach to managing stress and burnout,there is a general step by step approach that will call attention to and encourage wellness.Describe these steps.

Question 65

Describe the objectives of individual and organizational wellness approaches for the reduction and prevention of stress.

Question 66

You have been asked by your employer to implement an EAP.What elements of trust should you consider and how will you address them in your plan.

Question 67

What is burnout?

Question 68

What characteristics are associated with a type A personality? Is it better to have a type A or type B personality?

Question 69

Describe the concept of social support and the various forms it may take,providing examples of each.

Question 70

What are the two dimensions of fit associated with P-E fit? How can an organization increase P-E fit?

Question 71

There are several individual approaches to stress prevention and management presented in the text.Briefly discuss at least two of these techniques.

Question 72

You have been assigned to debate you classmate regarding the desirability of stress in organizations.Your classmate makes an argument that stress is good,make a counter argument.

Question 73

What are the organizational consequences of stress?

Question 74

Describe four common sources of group and organization stressors.

Question 75

What is a moderator? Discuss at least three conditions that may act as stress moderators.