Deck 2: Early Colonies, 1600-1680

Question 1

in 1573 King Philip II of Spain issued the Ordinances of Discovery,which

A)renounced the massacre of Indians.
B)justified the conquest and other activities of the adelantados.
C)prohibited the encomienda system.
D)diminished the role of Spanish missionaries in colonial efforts.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The United Dutch East India Company was mostly interested in

A)acquiring territory.
B)dominating global trade.
C)building colonial plantations.
D)the exploration of uncharted lands.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Peter Minuit established New Amsterdam on the southern tip of Manhattan after

A)he had successfully defended Fort Orange from a band of Mohawk raiders.
B)the Spanish conquered the Dutch Silver Fleet.
C)defeating the resident Lenni Lenape Indians in battle.
D)the Iroquois League attacked Mahicans and killed the Dutch commander.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The main business of the colony of Florida was

A)defense against rival European colonists.
B)agricultural production.
C)the fishing industry.
D)the spread of Catholicism.

Question 5

Of the nine thousand Europeans who lived in New Netherland,________ came from places other than the Netherlands.

A)very few
B)nearly all
C)about half
D)all

Question 6

Indian rebellions in Florida were

A)frequently successful.
B)generally suppressed brutally and decisively.
C)attempted nearly every year during the first half of the seventeenth century.
D)almost never attempteD.

Question 7

The first enduring English colony took root

A)in New Amsterdam.
B)at the mouth of the Hudson River.
C)in lower Manhattan.
D)in the Chesapeake Bay region.

Question 8

The Protestant Dutch differed from their Catholic counterparts in that they

A)did not engage in significant missionary activity.
B)found themselves in frequent conflict with Indians.
C)attracted significant numbers of colonists from their home country.
D)did not participate in trade with the Indians.

Question 9

When the English invaded and took control of New Amsterdam,

A)the overall makeup of the colony changed significantly.
B)economic affairs remained in the competent hands of the Dutch.
C)official religious toleration was established.
D)they were immediately attacked by the Iroquois League.

Question 10

French,Dutch,and Swedish settlements were organized around

A)farming.
B)mining.
C)fur trading.
D)missions.

Question 11

New France in the seventeenth century was organized primarily around

A)trade relationships.
B)the missionary activities of French Catholics.
C)military outposts.
D)agricultural plantations.

Question 12

The biggest cause of the devastating population loss suffered by the Pueblo culture was

A)drought and crop failure.
B)bloody reprisals by the Spanish for local rebellions.
C)diseases such as smallpox.
D)the relocation of slave laborers.

Question 13

The Indians of the Great Lakes region were an exception among other native peoples of North America in that they were

A)consolidating rather than dispersing.
B)remarkably resistant to diseases brought by settlers.
C)more inclined to work out differences peaceably with European newcomers.
D)reluctant to adopt European technology such as iron blades and firearms.

Question 14

Jesuit missionary activity in New France was

A)central to New France lives from the founding of Québec in 1608.
B)neglected due to the fact that commerce was so lucrative.
C)made a fundamental part of French colonization when a new investment consortium was licensed to run the colony.
D)prohibited when the strict moral codes they impressed on the Indians began to hinder trade.

Question 15

The career of John Sassamon,born a Wampanoag but raised an English Christian,epitomized how

A)prejudiced the English were toward Native Americans.
B)intertwined the lives of European settlers and Native Americans had become.
C)Indian violence against Europeans had escalated.
D)harmony between Europeans and Native Americans had advanceD.

Question 16

The practices of the Franciscans among the Indians of New Mexico included

A)theatrical performances of medieval plays.
B)the superimposition of Christian symbols onto established native worship patterns.
C)encouragement of the katsina culture of worship.
D)enslavement and exportation of Pueblo young men and boys.

Question 17

Wampum beads were valued by the northern Indians because

A)they had come from a distant land.
B)they had ceremonial significance.
C)they were from shells that had naturally occurring holes for use in jewelry making.
D)of their distinctive ruby red hue.

Question 18

Native attitudes toward sexuality

A)posed major obstacles to the spread of Catholic Christianity.
B)slowly influenced the Spanish colonists.
C)were compatible with the teachings of the Franciscans.
D)changed dramatically when the Hopi encountered Catholic instruction.

Question 19

In his effort to establish the colony of New Mexico,Juan de O-ate

A)staged a series of plays.
B)instructed the missionary priests to hold public masses.
C)subdued the Pueblo Indians by force.
D)created trading posts to garner the goodwill of the local inhabitants.

Question 20

Juan de O-ate's violent approach and brutal regime

A)sparked a successful revolt on behalf of the Acoma Indians.
B)was supported by the Spanish viceroy.
C)led to the establishment of a well-disciplined colony.
D)invoked the discipline of the Spanish authorities.

Question 21

The capture of John Smith in late 1607 by Powhatan's men was resolved after

A)Smith's execution.
B)Smith's release.
C)a raid by armed Jamestown settlers.
D)Smith agreed to dismantle the Virginia colony.

Question 22

The English Civil War of the 1640s was sparked by the efforts of Charles I to

A)collect revenues without relying on Parliament's powers of taxation.
B)overthrow his father,James I.
C)promote the English colonization of North America.
D)convert England to Catholicism.

Question 23

The aftereffects of Bacon's Rebellion included

A)the temporary prohibition of African slave importation.
B)the official endorsement of aggressive expansion into Indian territory.
C)an immediate fueling of white-Indian tensions.
D)restrictions on the opening of more land for former indentured servants.

Question 24

The greatest impetus for those leaving England was

A)the violence of the English Civil War.
B)religious strife.
C)economic hardship.
D)the plague.

Question 25

Most migrants to the Virginia colony in the early seventeenth century were

A)indentured servants.
B)from Africa.
C)English aristocrats in search of land to exploit.
D)colonists relocating from settlements in the Caribbean.

Question 26

London's population more than doubled in the second half of the sixteenth century because

A)it was seen as a refuge from the plague.
B)the enclosure movement drove peasants off their land.
C)artisanal trades demanded more skilled laborers.
D)refugees from Catholic Spain had increased in number.

Question 27

The crop that boosted the Virginia colony's financial prospects was

A)cotton.
B)rice.
C)tobacco.
D)corn.

Question 28

Maryland was a proprietary colony,which meant that

A)religious toleration would be established there.
B)a representative assembly would govern the settlement.
C)private investors risked their capital on its agricultural promise.
D)the king granted land and legal authority to individuals.

Question 29

The crisis of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in England included

A)a decline in population.
B)warmer temperatures.
C)smaller harvests.
D)an extension of feudal obligation practices.

Question 30

In its early history,Jamestown was

A)as devastating a failure as Roanoke.
B)the first successful English colony to be established.
C)abandoned by the Virginia Company.
D)attacked by Dutch invaders.

Question 31

Opechancanough's War led to

A)a more congenial understanding between the English and the Indians.
B)the demise of Jamestown due to severe population losses.
C)Virginia being made a royal colony.
D)the creation of the House of Burgesses.

Question 32

Compared to Holland,France,and Spain,England saw significant numbers of ________ travel to the New World.

A)colonists
B)missionaries
C)traders
D)explorers

Question 33

In 1614 a diplomatic alliance was sealed between Powhatan and the Virginia colonists based on

A)a decision by Powhatan's people to trade their corn surplus.
B)the friendship that had developed between John Smith and Powhatan.
C)mutual sorrow over the fatal illness of Pocahontas.
D)the marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas.

Question 34

Bacon's Rebellion ended when

A)the rebel armies were defeated by Berkeley's forces.
B)its leader died of dysentery.
C)the Indians of the Tsenacommacah region gained the upper hand.
D)Nathaniel Bacon was elected to the House of Burgesses.

Question 35

When Powhatan died in 1618,

A)Indian relations with the English improved.
B)Indian attitudes toward the English turned sour.
C)Pocahontas sailed for England,never to return.
D)John Smith married Pocahontas.

Question 36

Which of the following was NOT one of the challenges faced by the original settlers of Jamestown?

A)the confederacy led by Powhatan
B)the fact that the settlers were not farmers
C)the heavy rains during their time of arrival
D)the unwillingness of local Indians to trade with them

Question 37

Which of the following was NOT an aspiration of the English colonists who embarked to settle Virginia?

A)spread the Protestant faith
B)thwart the expansion of the Dutch
C)discover gold
D)find a passage to the Pacific Ocean

Question 38

Radical Protestants in England

A)wanted communal church services that were supervised by authorized clergymen.
B)stressed the idea that salvation was determined by individuals making a free choice.
C)opposed the adoption of the doctrines of John Calvin.
D)rejected church hierarchy and ritualism.

Question 39

The second largest group of migrants to Virginia between 1645 and 1665 were

A)indentured servants.
B)from Africa.
C)English aristocrats in search of land to exploit.
D)colonists relocating from settlements in the Caribbean.

Question 40

According to Smith's account,Pocahontas

A)interceded on his behalf.
B)ritually adopted Smith.
C)informed Jamestown settlers of his whereabouts.
D)snuck him out of the Algonquin camp.

Question 41

Compare and contrast the context,goals,and methods of settlement of the Spanish and the English in the seventeenth century.

Question 42

In New England Puritan society,land distribution was controlled by

A)the governor.
B)the local representative body.
C)the towns.
D)representatives of the Anglican Church.

Question 43

What challenges were faced by the settlers of Jamestown,and what factors contributed to the colony's eventual success?

Question 44

Among the settlers who arrived in New England,

A)very few were indentured.
B)most were critical of the Anglican Church.
C)most supported Parliament over King Charles I in the English Civil War.
D)All these answers are correct.

Question 45

Contrast the nature and role of religion in Massachusetts Bay and the colony of Maryland.

Question 46

The earliest English colonists to settle the cold northeastern region of North America were motivated by

A)the lucrative fur trade.
B)visions of a northern route to Asia.
C)the booming tobacco industry.
D)religious dissent.

Question 47

Puritan society was marked by

A)celebrations of saints' days.
B)broad literacy.
C)religious freedom.
D)central denominational structure.

Question 48

In mid-seventeenth century New England,religious piety among colonists

A)increased with the influx of a large number of religiously minded migrants.
B)diminished along with rates of church membership.
C)decreased because of the failure of the Puritan Revolution in England.
D)grew as the colonists worried about the influence of commercial opportunities and acquisitions.

Question 49

The severe population losses suffered by the Algonquian and Pequot peoples due to the spread of disease led to

A)increased violence toward both neighboring Indians and New England settlers.
B)their willingness to comply with the Treaty of Middle Plantation.
C)their accelerated assimilation into new Puritan society.
D)relocation to more western lands.

Question 50

King Philip's War was an uprising that consisted of

A)Metacom and a few of his followers.
B)mostly Wampanoags.
C)Nipmuks and Algonquains.
D)several different tribes.

Question 51

The Pokanoket Indians

A)opened commercial and diplomatic relations with the English.
B)resisted trading with the Plymouth settlers.
C)led fierce raids on the English colonists.
D)relocated to the west to avoid contact with European newcomers.

Question 52

Describe the causes and outcomes of the major conflicts between New England settlers and the region's Indian population.

Question 53

The political structure and economy of the Chesapeake and New England developed in divergent ways.Explain the factors that account for these differences.

Question 54

Roger Williams,a Separatist who arrived in Massachusetts in 1631,

A)supported state authority and colonial rights to land claims.
B)believed that religious exiles could only find refuge in the Chesapeake region.
C)published the Indian Library,a series of books for readers of the Massachusett language.
D)objected to mandatory church attendance and any correlation between religious worship and ungodliness.

Question 55

The Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded by

A)congregational separatists known as Pilgrims.
B)Charles I with a royal charter.
C)a consortium of London merchants.
D)the proprietor,Cecilius Calvert.

Question 56

Analyze the role and impact of the Dutch in transatlantic trade and in the colonization of North America.

Question 57

Describe what the Franciscan missionaries observed among the Pueblo people of New Mexico,and how the missionaries attempted to transform that culture.