Deck 29: Reaction, Recession, and Globalization, 1970-1979

Question 1

In 1971 the New York Times began publishing the Pentagon Papers,which

A)provided evidence of the My Lai Massacre.
B)proved that the Johnson administration had lied about the progress of the Vietnam War.
C)exposed Nixon's secret order to invade Cambodia.
D)revealed the truth about the Gulf of Tonkin incident.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Nixon's efforts for welfare reform included all of the following EXCEPT

A)increasing food stamp support.
B)indexing social security to the rising cost of living.
C)raising the minimum wage to $3.50 per hour.
D)the Family Assistance Plan.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Nixon's blue-collar strategy included all of the following EXCEPT

A)an appeal to patriotism.
B)support for the war in Vietnam.
C)a stance on traditional sexual morality.
D)expansion of New Deal-style legislation.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

President Nixon's policy of Vietnamization resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

A)lower U.S.troop levels.
B)fewer American men and women subject to conscription.
C)a narrowing of the scope of the war.
D)a move toward a volunteer army.

Question 5

The Milliken v.Bradley decision of 1974 led to

A)more white participation in the integration of schools.
B)white flight to the suburbs.
C)black resistance to desegregation.
D)an increase in the tax base in northern cities.

Question 6

The runaway bestseller,The Joy of Sex,was a

A)memoir of a prostitute.
B)manual that featured illustrations of intimate acts.
C)gay liberation manifesto.
D)novel about a promiscuous college student.

Question 7

What violent event gripped San Francisco in 1978?

A)the assassination of John F.Kennedy
B)a New York cabbie's attempted murder of George Wallace
C)the airport attack on Congressman Leo Ryan by Jim Jones and his followers
D)the shooting of the mayor and another city official by Dan White

Question 8

Jane Alpert's cultural feminism

A)advocated the creation of alternative female communities.
B)embraced the politics of the New Left.
C)stressed the importance of class and race relations.
D)called for equal pay and public access for women.

Question 9

Which of the following was NOT true of teenage sexuality during the early 1970s?

A)widespread early marriages
B)epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases
C)large number of abortions
D)rampant out-of-wedlock births

Question 10

perceived it as a

A)distinctive story about the legacy of slavery.
B)broader story about the links between foreign ancestors and American descendants.
C)factual account of an African American family through several generations.
D)justification for slavery in its time.

Question 11

All of the following were significant cultural phenomena of the 1970s EXCEPT

A)massive religious movements.
B)evangelical Christianity.
C)attachment parenting.
D)self-improvement regimes.

Question 12

The radical feminism of the 1970s advocated all of the following EXCEPT

A)separatism.
B)public investment in child care.
C)freedom to terminate an unwanted pregnancy.
D)maintaining heterosexual relationships with men.

Question 13

The 1973 War Powers Resolution

A)enhanced executive power during wartime.
B)suppressed the rights of antiwar protestors.
C)limited the authority of the president to wage war without congressional consent.
D)committed the U.S.to engaging in Southeast Asia to ensure stability of that region.

Question 14

Which of the following was NOT among the Nixon administration's most liberal policy decisions?

A)Economic Opportunity Act
B)Environmental Protection Act
C)Revised Philadelphia Plan
D)Occupational Safety and Health Act

Question 15

As part of his effort to address the nation's economic woes,Nixon took the United States off the gold standard,which did all of the following EXCEPT

A)create a volatile international currency market.
B)lower the value of the dollar.
C)dismantle the Bretton Woods system.
D)temporarily freeze wages and prices.

Question 16

Which of the following became a particularly preoccupying subject in American culture starting in 1963?

A)assassination
B)protesting
C)rioting
D)war

Question 17

The ethnic revival of the 1970s involved which of the following?

A)whites
B)blacks
C)Latinos
D)All these answers are correct.

Question 18

The Jewish Defense League,founded by Meir Kahane,modeled itself in many respects after the

A)labor movement.
B)freedom movement.
C)Black Power movement.
D)gay liberation movement.

Question 19

In 1971 the Supreme Court ruled that ________ was an acceptable method of ending segregation.

A)affirmative action
B)protesting
C)busing
D)boycotting

Question 20

Which of the following was NOT part of Richard Nixon's campaign approach to the 1968 election?

A)support for busing
B)exploiting the crack in the Democrats' New Deal coalition
C)faith in the "silent majority"
D)restoration of order at home and honor abroad

Question 21

The event referred to as the Saturday Night Massacre involved

A)the Supreme Court's rejection of Nixon's "executive privilege" argument.
B)Nixon's firing of the special independent prosecutor.
C)the broadcast of the Select Senate Committee's hearing.
D)Nixon's resignation.

Question 22

With the election of 1972 approaching,Nixon's biggest concern was about

A)the fact that the war had not yet ended.
B)the third-party candidacy of George Wallace.
C)the newly lowered voting age.
D)George McGovern,his democratic opponent.

Question 23

The energy crisis of 1974 led to all of the following EXCEPT

A)gas rationing.
B)a boom in the sale of electric cars.
C)the imposition of daylight saving time.
D)a national speed limit of 55 miles per hour.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Watergate scandal?

A)Reporters from the New York Times uncovered facts using an anonymous informant.
B)The Nixon administration denied any involvement in what they called "a third-rate burglary attempt."
C)James McCord and John Dean cooperated with the prosecution.
D)The three major television networks devoted several hours of broadcast time to the hearings.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about Jimmy Carter's malaise speech?

A)Before it,he met on a retreat with clergy and other leaders rather than economists.
B)His message improved his poll ratings.
C)He stated that the U.S.was facing a "crisis of confidence."
D)He proclaimed that Americans had become distracted by materialistic desires.

Question 26

The two primary political issues that pulled evangelicals into politics were

A)abortion and IRS policy.
B)abortion and pornography.
C)IRS policy and crime.
D)pornography and crime.

Question 27

The Equal Rights Amendment was opposed by Phyllis Schlafly on the basis that it would

A)give women rights that were not ordained by God.
B)exclude African American women.
C)leave married women dependent and unprotected.
D)destroy the American family.

Question 28

Gerald Ford became vice president when

A)President Nixon resigned.
B)Spiro Agnew was critically wounded by an assassin's bullet.
C)the Watergate scandal broke.
D)he was appointed by Nixon after Agnew's resignation.

Question 29

The campaign organization CREEP stood for

A)Congressional Republicans Energized to Elect the President.
B)Campaign for Reform and Enforcement of the Electoral Process.
C)Committee to Re-elect the President.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 30

The end of the Vietnam War was marked by the

A)peace treaty signed in Paris.
B)cease-fire of 1972.
C)fall of Saigon.
D)Khmer Rouge coming to power.

Question 31

Which of the following was NOT part of the new urban music that flourished during the 1970s?

A)disco
B)hip hop
C)punk rock
D)heavy metal

Question 32

By mid-decade in the 1970s,residents of U.S.cities ranked ________ as their biggest concern.

A)the Cold War
B)inflation
C)crime
D)unemployment

Question 33

Why did oil prices rise during the 1970s?

A)OPEC imposed an embargo on the U.S.during the Yom Kippur War.
B)Demand for oil had increased.
C)The price of oil came to be pegged to the price of gold rather than the U.S.dollar.
D)All these answers are correct.

Question 34

The term stagflation referred specifically to the concurrent conditions of

A)high unemployment and stagnation in spending.
B)high inflation and stagnation in spending.
C)high consumer prices and economic stagnation.
D)high GDP and stagnation in hiring.

Question 35

Which of the following was NOT one of Nixon's foreign policy accomplishments?

A)paved the way for the China to join the United Nations
B)became the first sitting U.S.president to visit mainland China
C)signed SALT I with the Soviet Union
D)leveraged the U.S.relationship with the Soviet Union to end the Vietnam War

Question 36

Which of the following was an aspect of the evangelical counterculture of the 1970s?

A)Liberal mainstream churches grew,while evangelical dominations fought for members.
B)It was exclusively a white movement that completely rejected minorities.
C)The first born-again president was elected.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 37

During the 1970s,the area in which organized labor made significant gains was that of

A)the service industry.
B)transportation.
C)manufacturing.
D)the public sector.

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT descriptive of the economic situation during the 1970s?

A)It affected the presidencies of Nixon and Carter,but not that of Ford.
B)It was the most severe economic crisis since the Great Depression.
C)It contributed to crime and corruption in big cities such as New York.
D)It led to a decline in Americans' standard of living.

Question 39

Henry Kissinger's new approach to foreign policy

A)favored quiet negotiations to preserve the balance of international power.
B)maintained the hard-line Cold War position of previous administrations.
C)called for a firmer stance toward the Soviet Union.
D)proposed that American involvement be extended into Latin American conflicts.

Question 40

Which of the following helped bring about Nixon's victory in the election of 1972?

A)support from the AFL-CIO
B)his successful ending of the Vietnam War
C)the rejection of McGovern by blue-collar and white voters in the South
D)George Wallace's endorsement

Question 41

Which of the following was NOT one of Carter's foreign policy actions?

A)the signing of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
B)the brokering of peace between Egypt and Israel
C)the initiative to eradicate smallpox
D)the ending of aid to Argentina's military dictatorship

Question 42

Compare and contrast the cultural changes in the 1970s with those of the preceding decade.Include in your discussion feminism,sexuality,and religion.

Question 43

When the USSR invaded Afghanistan,Carter responded with all of the following EXCEPT

A)diplomatic overtures to the Soviet Union to secure their retreat.
B)the funding of Islamic revolutionary forces in Afghanistan.
C)a boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympics.
D)the suspension of arms limitation talks.

Question 44

The essence of the Carter Doctrine,announced in 1980,was

A)the promotion of international standards of human rights.
B)to stem the spread of communism in the Third World.
C)to awaken the global community from its spiritual malaise.
D)the protection of American interests in the Persian Gulf region.

Question 45

Explain the how President Carter responded to the various foreign policy challenges during his administration.

Question 46

decision,the Supreme Court ruled

A)affirmative action and numerical quotas constitutional.
B)affirmative action was fine,but numerical quotas were not.
C)affirmative action was entirely unconstitutional.
D)that holding a particular number of enrollment slots open for minorities was fine,but general consideration of race was not.

Question 47

Describe Richard Nixon's political strategy and agenda for his first term in office.How did he focus his political appeal,particularly in domestic policy?

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT associated with the international human rights movement?

A)Amnesty International
B)Helsinki Watch
C)the Equal Rights Amendment
D)the Jackson-Vanik Amendment

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT true of Proposition 13?

A)The measure passed by a large margin of votes.
B)It increased optimism in the federal government.
C)It limited state property taxes.
D)California lost billions of dollars in revenue.

Question 50

Discuss President Nixon's approach to foreign policy,including how he dealt with Vietnam.Also address the role and influence of Henry Kissinger.

Question 51

In 1979,followers of the Ayatollah Khomeini stormed the U.S.embassy and took fifty-three Americans hostage in response to Carter's

A)signing of the Helsinki Accords.
B)provision of asylum for the deposed Shah.
C)support for the opposition of the Iranian Islamic state.
D)authorization of missile strikes on Iran.

Question 52

Anita Bryant's "Save our Children" campaign focused on

A)homosexuality.
B)education.
C)traditional roles for women.
D)pornography.

Question 53

The Helsinki Accords

A)recognized the boundaries established after World War II.
B)put pressure on the communist governments of the Eastern bloc.
C)represented a change in course from the previous détente policy.
D)discouraged Eastern European dissidents in the short and long run.

Question 54

A growing global consciousness was reflected in all of the following EXCEPT

A)the first international human rights conference in 1968.
B)Earth Day celebrations.
C)the launch of Voyager.
D)the Camp David peace treaty.

Question 55

Who were the participants in the ethnic revival movement? From where did they draw their inspiration,and in what ways were ethnic roots expressed by various groups and in popular culture?

Question 56

Summarize how the Watergate scandal unfolded,and describe its effects on the nation and the presidency of Gerald Ford.

Question 57

Discuss the rebirth of evangelical Protestantism and its influence in American politics.