Deck 18: Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Question 1

Reptiles have internal fertilization.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

All turtles,whether aquatic or terrestrial,lay their eggs in the ground on land.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Most snakes are oviparous.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Some lizards are limbless.

Question 5

The amniotes are a monophyletic group.

Question 6

The reptilian kidney is of the advanced metanephric type.

Question 7

The Squamata is the least successful group of reptiles.

Question 8

Death due to a neurotoxic snake bite is caused by internal bleeding.
Multiple Choice Questions

Question 9

The reptiles are a paraphyletic group because they do not include all descendants of their most recent common ancestor.

Question 10

Birds evolved from the ornithischians.

Question 11

The anapsids are a taxon of African rear-fanged snakes.

Question 12

Sauropods tended to be herbivorous and quadrupedal,and this group includes Allosaurus and Velociraptor.

Question 13

A kinetic skull is a characteristic of all reptiles.

Question 14

Like most amphibians and birds,reptiles lack a copulatory organ.

Question 15

Cladists would recognize birds as reptiles because of their common ancestry.

Question 16

The scientific name of the worm lizards,Amphisbaenia,describes one characteristic of the way they move.

Question 17

Pit vipers are named for their Jacobson's organs.

Question 18

Most geckos are small,agile,mostly nocturnal saurians.

Question 19

The archosaurs are a group of diapsid reptiles that includes the dinosaurs as well as the living crocodilians and birds.

Question 20

The Age of Reptiles was the

A)Mesozoic.
B)Paleozoic.
C)CenozoiC.
D)all of the above

Question 21

Pit vipers

A)have excellent vision.
B)kill their prey by constriction.
C)are ovoviviparous.
D)have tongues that are poisonous.

Question 22

An odd feature of alligator reproduction is that

A)the female gives birth to living young.
B)the eggs are incubated by the male.
C)incubation temperature determines the sex of the offspring.
D)the eggs are incubated in the mouth of the female.

Question 23

A characteristic of reptiles is

A)a soft,smooth,highly glandular skin.
B)respiration through the skin.
C)separate sexes and internal fertilization.
D)a skull with two occipital condyles.

Question 24

The turtles

A)are enclosed in a dorsal carapace and ventral plastron.
B)are oviparous and have internal fertilization.
C)have no teeth on their jaws.
D)all of these

Question 25

An example of an animal with an anapsid skull is a

A)lizard.
B)snake.
C)crocodile.
D)turtle.

Question 26

The diapsid lineage gave rise to

A)the mammals.
B)the turtles.
C)the birds.
D)all of the above

Question 27

A characteristic that snakes do not have is

A)scaly skin.
B)movable eyelids.
C)internal fertilization.
D)a highly kinetic skull.

Question 28

The ornithischian dinosaurs were

A)all carnivorous.
B)the largest dinosaurs known.
C)all herbivorous.
D)all bipedal.

Question 29

The ___________ are the "lizard hipped" dinosaurs.

A)ornithischians
B)saurischians
C)archosaurs
D)hadrosaurs

Question 30

The tuatara

A)is found in the southern part of the United States.
B)is snakelike in its features.
C)lives in fresh water.
D)has a well-developed parietal eye.

Question 31

Many lizards keep their body temperatures relatively constant by

A)anaerobic respiration.
B)behavioral thermoregulation.
C)oxidation of brown fat.
D)inertial homeothermy.

Question 32

The dinosaurs may be considered to be a paraphyletic group,because this grouping does not include the

A)lizards.
B)snakes.
C)birds.
D)crocodiles.

Question 33

Snakes and lizards utilize their ___________ in respiration.

A)diaphragms
B)muscles associated with the ribs
C)internal organs
D)skin

Question 34

An advancement that reptiles show over amphibians is

A)a tough,scaly skin that provides protection against desiccation.
B)a copulatory organ for internal fertilization.
C)a shelled egg that can be laid on dry land.
D)all of these

Question 35

Only crocodilians and mammals have

A)a four-chambered heart.
B)a placental attachment.
C)teeth set in sockets.
D)a complete secondary palate.
Fill in the Blank Questions

Question 36

In the shelled eggs of reptiles

A)the amnion is a fluid-filled sac in which the embryo floats.
B)the allantois contains the food supply.
C)the yolk sac stores the toxic wastes that accumulate during development.
D)all of these

Question 37

The Crocodilia

A)have internal fertilization.
B)are the only reptiles not capable of making distinct sounds.
C)are viviparous.
D)are not found in the continental United States.

Question 38

If a bit of reptilian skin was found which appeared to be turned "inside out," it would be the shed skin of a

A)lizard.
B)turtle.
C)snake.
D)crocodile.

Question 39

Lizards possess ______________,which is absent in snakes,but is probably not of great importance to lizards.

A)a tongue
B)a Jacobson's organ
C)a glandular epithelium
D)an external ear

Question 40

The following grouping consists only of groups of reptiles:

A)Squamata,Urodela,Crossopterygii.
B)Testudines,Squamata,Sphenodonta.
C)Myxini,Dipneusti,Testudines.
D)Sphenodonta,Petromyzontes,Squamata.

Question 41

The shelled egg of a reptile is referred to as an _________.

Question 42

The synapsid lineage gave rise to the present day ___________.

Question 43

The _____________ were a group of duck-billed ornithischians,which lived in herds.

Question 44

The scales of reptiles are derived from the ____________.

Question 45

The anapsid skull is characterized by having _______ temporal opening(s).

Question 46

Turtles belong to the __________.

Question 47

In the reptilian egg,the embryo is bathed in a fluid contained within an extraembryonic membrane called the ___________.

Question 48

Amniotes having a skull with two temporal openings are called ___________.

Question 49

Many scientists believe that the demise of the dinosaurs and many other groups of organisms at the end of the Mesozoic era was due to _______.

Question 50

The tuatara belongs to the ___________.

Question 51

The Squamata is divided into three subgroups: the snakes,the Amphisbaenia and the ____________.

Question 52

The dermis layer of the reptile skin contains color-bearing cells called ___________.

Question 53

Surviving tuataras (Sphenodon)are mostly restricted to a group of islands off the coast of ____________.

Question 54

Rather than urea or ammonia,the nitrogenous wastes of reptiles are excreted as __________.

Question 55

The only reptiles with a complete four-chambered heart are the ___________.