Deck 25: Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Question 1

Which of the following polymers has an isotactic structure

A)
B)
C)
D)

Answer 1

Question 2

Polypropene results from the polymerization of

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Answer 2

Question 3

The only true hydrocarbon polymer found in nature is

A) rubber.
B) nylon.
C) Tyvek.
D) polystyrene.
E) neoprene.

Answer 3

rubber.

Question 4

The segment represents the polymer named

A) polybutylene..
B) polyvinyl chloride.
C) polypropylene.
D) polystyrene
E) polyethylene

Question 5

Which polymerization shown takes place by a condensation
I.
II.

A) I only
B) II only
C) I and II
D) None of the above

Question 6

What type of polymer is represented by the following repeating segment

A) polyamide
B) polyester
C) polyether
D) polyolefin
E) polyethylene

Question 7

A protein is

A) a polysaccharide.
B) a saturated ester of glycerol.
C) one of the units making up a nucleic acid.
D) a polymer of amino acids.
E) an aromatic hydrocarbon.

Question 8

Which of the following polymers is formed by a condensation process

A) PVC
B) nylon
C) Teflon
D) Plexiglas
E) neoprene

Question 9

The segment represents the polymer named

A) polybutylene.
B) polyvinyl chloride..
C) polypropylene.
D) polystyrene.
E) polyethylene

Question 10

Which of the following polymers has an atactic structure

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 11

Which polymerization shown takes place by a radical mechanism
i.
ii.

A) i only
B) ii only
C) i and ii
D) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following polymers has a syndiotactic structure

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 13

What structural feature is required to have an isotactic or syndiotactic carbon-based polymer

A) A repeating unit that contains an asymmetric carbon
B) A repeating unit that contains a double bond
C) A repeating unit that contains a triple bond
D) A repeating unit that contains an aromatic hydrocarbon
E) A repeating unit that contains an atom other than carbon

Question 14

Poly(vinyl chloride) results from the polymerization of

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 15

Which one of these molecules could not serve as a monomer for an addition polymer

A) ClCH=CH₂
B) H₂C=CH-CN
C) H₂C=CH-C₆H₅
D)
E)

Question 16

Acrylonitrile results from the polymerization of

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 17

Which statement is false concerning a Natta-Ziegler catalyst

A) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst can be used to promote a polymerization that is selective for isotactic or syndiotactic polymer.
B) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst containing [Al(C₂H₅)₃] and TiCl₃ can be used to promote the formation of specific isomers in a polymerization.
C) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst is used to make a polymerization thermodynamically favorable.
D)A Natta-Ziegler catalyst has been used by chemists to design polymers with different properties.

Question 18

The polymer formed from the monomer CH₂=CH-CN is

A)
B) (CH₂=CHCN)_n
C) (CH₂=CH=CN)_n
D)

Question 19

Polystyrene results from the polymerization of

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 20

Which one of these materials is a copolymer

A) Styrene-butadiene
B) polyvinyl chloride
C) polypropylene
D) poly-cis-isoprene
E) polyethylene

Question 21

Phosphorus is an essential mineral element. It is an important atom in which one of the following

A) amino acids
B) proteins
C) polyethylene
D) nylon
E) DNA

Question 22

An amino acid is a compound that contains at least

A) one amino group and one amide group.
B) two amino groups and one carboxylic acid group.
C) one hydroxyl group and one methyl group.
D) one carboxylic acid group and one amino group.
E) one methyl group and one amide group.

Question 23

The backbone of a strand of nucleic acid consists of

A) phosphate units only.
B) phosphate and sugar units.
C) polyester.
D) phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base units.
E) sugar units only.

Question 24

Cysteine and methionine are unique among the twenty essential amino acids in that they

A) are chiral.
B) contain an aromatic ring.
C) do not form dipolar ions.
D) contain sulfur.
E) cannot join with other amino acids to form peptides.

Question 25

Which of the following statements about the binding of oxygen to deoxyhemoglobin is correct

A) The binding of oxygen to Fe²⁺ in the first heme pulls the iron ion into the porphyrin ring, decreasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
B) The binding of oxygen to Fe²⁺ in the first heme pushes the iron ion out of the porphyrin ring, decreasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
C) The binding of oxygen to Fe²⁺ in the first heme pulls the iron ion into the porphyrin ring, increasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
D) The binding of oxygen to Fe²⁺ in the first heme pushes the iron ion out of the porphyrin ring, increasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
E) Oxygen does not bind to deoxyhemoglobin.

Question 26

Proteins occurring in the b-pleated sheet structure

A) are relatively inelastic.
B) never occur in nature.
C) produce structurally weak materials.
D) contain no peptide bonds.
E) are not involved in hydrogen bonds.

Question 27

The reaction of the diamine and di-carboxylic acid shown below produces nylon polymer. The correct structure for the repeating unit of the nylon polymer follows the arrow.

Question 28

The secondary structure of a protein is the

A) configuration of those parts of the chain stabilized by a regular pattern of covalent bonds between C and O groups of the backbone of the chain.
B) configuration of those parts of the chain stabilized by a regular pattern of hydrogen bonds between CO and NH groups of the backbone of the chain.
C) specific order of amino acids in the chain.
D) overall three-dimensional structure of the molecule.
E) overall arrangement of several polypeptide chains into one functional unit.

Question 29

Which choice lists both the sugar and the nitrogen base that are a part of RNA but are not part of DNA

A) deoxyribose and thymine
B) ribose and deoxyribose
C) ribose and uracil
D) uracil and thymine
E) ribose and thymine

Question 30

A peptide bond (also called an amide bond) joins two amino acids together. What atoms are linked by this bond

A) C - O
B) C - H
C) C - N
D) N - S
E) S - C

Question 31

The functional group found in proteins is called a (an)

A) amide.
B) carboxylic acid.
C) amine.
D) amino acid.
E) dipeptide.

Question 32

The intermolecular force between bases on the opposite strands of DNA responsible for its double-helical structure is

A) hydrogen bonding..
B) dispersion force..
C) covalent bonding.
D) ionic force
E) dipole-dipole force

Question 33

Which choice contains all three molecular units found in nucleotides

A) phosphate, sugar, amino acid
B) amino acid, nitrogen-containing base, sugar
C) carboxylic acid, sugar, protein
D) phosphate, nitrogen-containing base, sugar
E) sugar, amino acid, protein

Question 34

An essential amino acid is one that

A) must be included in the diet.
B) contains no sulfur.
C) occurs in all types of proteins.
D) is necessary for vitamin production.
E) the body can synthesize.

Question 35

Which one of these choices is the general structural formula of an amino acid

A)
B) R-CH₂-NH₂
C)
D)

Question 36

Which one of these molecules is part of the make-up of both DNA and RNA

A) deoxyribose
B) ribose
C) phosphate
D) thymine
E) uracil

Question 37

Which of these molecules is a product of the hydrolysis of DNA

A) acetic acid
B) glucose
C) adenine
D) ribose
E) water

Question 38

Which nitrogen base is found in RNA but not in DNA

A) adenine
B) cytosine
C) guanine
D) thymine
E) uracil

Question 39

Amides are synthesized from two classes of organic compounds. Those two types of compounds are

A) carboxylic acids and alkenes.
B) amines and alcohols.
C) alcohols and carboxylic acids.
D) amines and carboxylic acids..
E) alkenes and amines.

Question 40

A protein that has been reversibly denatured has

A) temporarily lost part or all of its secondary or tertiary structure.
B) temporarily lost part or all of its primary structure.
C) been genetically modified due to errors in the nucleotides in the parent DNA.
D) temporarily lost its amino acid residues.
E) temporarily lost the hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases.

Question 41

Both DNA and RNA have double-helical structures.

Question 42

A portion of the polymer Teflon is shown here. The monomer that would be used to produce this polymer would consist of one carbon and two fluorine atoms.polymer (Teflon):

Question 43

The primary structure of a protein refers to the unique amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain.

Question 44

The monomer used to prepare polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is CHCl=CHCl.

Question 45

The following amino acids all have nonpolar side chains.

Question 46

Hydrogen bonding, dispersion forces, ionic forces, and dipole-dipole forces all affect the structure of a protein.