Deck 9: Gestalt Therapy

Question 1

The word gestalt is analogous with:

A)perceptual whole.
B)creative indifference.
C)in the moment.
D)conscious awareness.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A parent and a child become so enmeshed that the child can no longer experience a sense of separate identity.This is known as:

A)contact.
B)isolation.
C)confluence.
D)assimilation.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following would be inconsistent with the dialogic relationship?

A)Conveyance of empathic understanding
B)Therapist display of authenticity
C)Mutual patient-therapist self-disclosure
D)Therapist control of the outcome

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The paradoxical theory of change states individuals:

A)who force themselves to act differently will create automatic changes.
B)will stay the same when attempting to become who they are not.
C)cannot change others but can change how they react to others.
D)who believe in change are creating a delusion to relieve their anxiety.

Question 5

The phenomenological perspective asserts that all reality is:

A)objectively defined.
B)subjectively interpreted.
C)descriptive behaviors.
D)causal of problems.

Question 6

Five years later, a patient remains negatively affected by the murder of a friend.A gestalt therapist would say the patient's current field is being affected by the:

A)actual murder itself.
B)guilt the patient can't resolve.
C)memory of the event.
D)repression of the event.

Question 7

After receiving a pay raise, Danny wants to celebrate with others.Instead, he buys champagne and celebrates alone because he has no close friends.This reflects the boundary disturbance of:

A)introjection.
B)assimilation.
C)projection.
D)retroflection.

Question 8

According to Gestalt therapy, psychological adjustment requires:

A)unconditional positive regard by others.
B)an awareness of our need states.
C)congruence between objective and subjective reality.
D)equality between actual and ideal self-concepts.

Question 9

Which of the following individuals and his collaborators founded gestalt therapy?

A)Gary Yontef
B)Fritz Perls
C)Albert Einstein
D)Martin Buber

Question 10

A set of mutually interdependent elements is referred to as a:

A)field.
B)gestalt.
C)whole.
D)context.

Question 11

The idea that individuals are growth-oriented, self-regulating and only understandable within the context of their environment is known as:

A)organismic self-regulation.
B)contact.
C)static awareness.
D)holism.

Question 12

Objective reality, as defined by a gestalt therapist, is:

A)non-existent.
B)patient-therapist congruence.
C)events on which observers agree.
D)events on which observers disagree.

Question 13

Wilhelm Reich described how individuals often engage in repetitive experiences, behaviors and body postures that keep them fixed in roles.He referred to this concept as:

A)lack of self-awareness.
B)character armor.
C)holistic determination.
D)locked development.

Question 14

In contrast to psychoanalysis, gestalt therapy emphasized the:

A)rule of abstinence.
B)importance of therapist neutrality.
C)transference neurosis.
D)potential of the here-and-now.

Question 15

Achieving a balance between individual needs and the environment reflects:

A)creative adjustment.
B)introjection.
C)holism.
D)polarity.

Question 16

Although similar in some ways to rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) and cognitive therapy (CT), a gestalt therapist:

A)believes thoughts about the future are not relevant.
B)would not use changes in behavior to change thoughts.
C)disregards the idea of moralistic thoughts in relation to guilt.
D)does not imply that they know the rational way to think.

Question 17

The purpose of a boundary is to:

A)separate us from others.
B)connect us to others.
C)separate and connect us to others.
D)divide biological and psychological needs.

Question 18

The gestalt term describing an individual's ability to focus on the here-and-now is:

A)contact
B)organismic self-regulation
C)conscious awareness
D)experimentation

Question 19

In contrast to the past, parallel changes in gestalt therapy and psychoanalysis have occurred with both approaches now emphasizing:

A)instinctual urges.
B)id, ego, and superego.
C)self in relation to others.
D)deterministic principles.

Question 20

While receiving constructive criticism, Sally is able to accept the opinions of her mother that are helpful and discard those that are not beneficial.Sally is demonstrating:

A)introjection.
B)assimilation.
C)projection.
D)retroflection.

Question 21

Circular causality refers to interactions that are:

A)based on irrational beliefs.
B)self-enhancing.
C)linear but temporally unrelated.
D)reciprocating.

Question 22

When a patient remains stuck in nonfunctional ways of thinking and behaving, a gestalt therapist would say the patient is experiencing:

A)bad gestalt.
B)too much support.
C)an impasse.
D)organismic self-regulation.

Question 23

A gestalt therapist interprets a patient's neuroticism as continued use of a strategy that was adaptive previously, but is no longer helpful. This means the therapist is seeing the neuroticism as:

A)projection.
B)good gestalt.
C)introjection.
D)creative adjustment.

Question 24

The primary emphasis of gestalt therapy is on the:

A)past.
B)present.
C)future.
D)unknown.

Question 25

Gestalt therapists believe that it is important for human regulation to be _______ in order for the individual to become fully aware in a healthy manner.

Question 26

_______ theory underlies the gestalt immunological perspective.

Question 27

Gestalt therapy was developed by _______ and _______.

Question 28

Field approaches are not speculative, interpretative, or classificatory.They are _______.

Question 29

In most types of therapy, the therapist may not reveal considerable amounts of information about themselves.In gestalt therapy, therapist disclosure is considered _______ if done _______.

Question 30

In treating anxiety a gestalt therapist is most likely to:

A)teach the patient to breathe more fully.
B)explore past events which lead to the anxiety.
C)make a referral to a psychiatrist for medication.
D)discuss his/her own feelings of anxiety with the patient.

Question 31

Gestalt therapy's empty-chair technique, in which a patient is encouraged to express feelings to others or themselves in a symbolic manner, would be an example of:

A)enactment.
B)focusing.
C)guided imagery.
D)body awareness.

Question 32

If a psychoanalytic therapist observed a gestalt therapist in action, he/she might be concerned about the therapist's:

A)emphasis on the past.
B)attempts to force behavior change.
C)maintenance of a passive stance.
D)degree of self disclosure.

Question 33

Gestalt psychotherapy is focused on _______ rather than on _______.

Question 34

Positive mental health is seen as the ability for an individual to shift between figure and ground; in other words, to be able to deal with competing concepts like life and death, which are considered _______.

Question 35

In gestalt therapy, the concept of unconscious is replaced by the concepts of _______ and _______.

Question 36

Utilizing field theory, a person constitutes a _______.

Question 37

A gestalt therapist would view resistance as:

A)intentional thwarting of the therapy process.
B)an attempt to maintain psychological integrity.
C)reflective of an underlying id-superego conflict.
D)created by the patient in response to transference.

Question 38

The word gestalt comes from a German word meaning _______.

Question 39

Greenberg's research comparing person-centered, directive experiential and cognitive-behavioral therapies suggested:

A)person-centered therapy was most effective.
B)directive experiential therapy was most effective.
C)cognitive-behavioral therapy was most effective.
D)there were no reliable differences between approaches.

Question 40

The primary goal of gestalt therapy is:

A)elimination of psychopathology.
B)increased awareness.
C)insight regarding conflicts.
D)behavior change.