Deck 2: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapies

Question 1

When someone denies a threatening feeling and is proclaiming to feel the opposite, they are displaying the defense mechanism of:

A)intellectualization.
B)projection.
C)reaction formation.
D)splitting.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Jung described emotionally charged ideas that were repressed because they were too emotionally threatening as:

A)shadows.
B)complexes.
C)libidos.
D)egos.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Bob talks rationally about the fact that his wife of 30 years has unexpectedly asked for a divorce and discusses the practical aspects of moving out, totally avoiding any show of emotion.This is an example of:

A)intellectualization.
B)projection.
C)reaction formation.
D)splitting.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A common assumption across psychoanalytic perspectives is that humans are motivated by:

A)unconscious factors.
B)learning principles.
C)relationship stressors.
D)biological predispositions.

Question 5

Freud's early view of hysteria described the symptoms as resulting from:

A)hypnotic states for which the patient lacked awareness.
B)behaviors learned early in childhood from role models.
C)unexpressed emotions connected with painful experiences.
D)an unresolvable sense of social inferiority.

Question 6

Which of the following theorist was psychoanalytically trained prior to developing a distinct form of psychotherapy?

A)Albert Ellis
B)Martin Seligman
C)Albert Bandura
D)B.F.Skinner

Question 7

In Studies on Hysteria, Freud wrote about his early theoretical ideas derived from work with hypnosis and hysterics.This manuscript includes a summary of the work with Anna O., whose treatment was provided by:

A)Jean Charcot.
B)Josef Breuer.
C)Hermann Helmholtz.
D)Charles Darwin.

Question 8

Looking back at the historical development of psychoanalysis, it is ironic that a factor in the decline of the popularity of psychoanalysis is:

A)psychiatry's shift to a biological model.
B)the public's view that it is an elitist model.
C)popularity of evidence-based approaches.
D)non-responsiveness to valid criticisms.

Question 9

The psychological theory created by Carl Jung is termed:

A)analytical psychology.
B)individual psychology.
C)psychodynamic psychology.
D)complex psychology.

Question 10

The shift in psychoanalytic therapies from a one- vs.two-person psychology refers to the emphasis psychoanalytical therapy places on:

A)couples counseling to address distress.
B)the role of family in development of pathology.
C)transference and counter-transference.
D)mutual influence of therapist and patient in therapy.

Question 11

Psychoanalytic theory would assert that the behavior of a newborn is dominantly controlled by:

A)collective unconscious.
B)reaction formation.
C)primary process.
D)secondary process.

Question 12

Secondary process refers to thinking that is:

A)logical.
B)verbal.
C)primitive.
D)visual.

Question 13

Joan becomes agitated with her psychoanalyst's interpretations, perceiving the comments as judgmental, which reminds her of interactions with her father.This is known as:

A)regression.
B)transference.
C) resistance.
D)autoeroticism.

Question 14

Every time Charles feels insecure in his relationship with Megan, he accuses Megan of being insecure.This is an example of:

A)intellectualization.
B)projection.
C)reaction formation.
D)splitting.

Question 15

During psychoanalysis, a patient discusses a fantasy.The psychoanalytical therapist would see this fantasy as linked to a(n):

A)instinctually derived wish.
B)behavioral pattern warranting change.
C)cognitive distortion.
D)irrational belief system.

Question 16

Psychoanalytic therapists view the therapeutic relationship as:

A)the vehicle for change.
B)irrelevant to the process.
C)secondary to the theory.
D)solely defined by the patient.

Question 17

In utilizing hypnosis, free association and other techniques, Freud's therapeutic goal centered primarily on:

A)eliminating memories of traumatic events.
B)creation of a fixated state.
C)making unconscious events conscious.
D)converting conscious events into unconsciousness.

Question 18

The process by which intrapsychic elements are barred from consciousness is termed:

A)abreaction.
B)determinism.
C)conceptualization.
D)defense.

Question 19

Starting during infancy, there is a psychobiological push to repeat experiences that lead to tension reduction.This concept is known as:

A)defense mechanisms.
B)confident expectancy.
C)embodiment actions.
D)pleasure principle.

Question 20

Sally's view of her therapist continuously shifts from "good" to "bad." This is an example of:

A)intellectualization.
B)projection.
C)reaction formation.
D)splitting.

Question 21

Just like how a mother will fail to attend to the needs of a child, no matter how well intended, a therapist will occasionally fail to attend to the needs of a patient.Negotiating this pattern within a relationship has been termed:

A)transference and countertransference.
B)rupture and repair.
C)idealization and fixation.
D)disappointment and despair.

Question 22

Freud's topographical model of the mind proposed ______, ______, and ______.

Question 23

The central task of psychoanalytical therapy is to:

A)resolve intrapsychic conflicts.
B)establish empathy.
C)break down defenses.
D)strengthen the superego.

Question 24

Psychoanalytical therapies rely heavily on therapists providing clients with ways to become aware of aspects of their intrapsychic experiences that have previously been unconscious.In other words, they rely on:

A)interpretations.
B)enactments.
C)reconstructions.
D)confrontations.

Question 25

John Bowlby theorized that infants develop early representations of attachment figures and referred to these representations as:

A)projective identification.
B)transitional objects.
C)internal working models.
D) self psychology.

Question 26

In contrast to short-term therapies, Leichsenring and Rabung (2008) found that, in the treatment of complex psychological disorders, long term psychoanalytical therapies were:

A)less effective overall.
B)more effective overall.
C)less satisfying to patients.
D)more satisfying to patients.

Question 27

Heinz Kohut, who studied the narcissistic personality, viewed its development as the result of the parental figures' failed attempts to appropriately respond to a child's early attention seeking.Therefore, he underscored the importance of a therapist:

A)role modeling narcissism to offset patient's behavior.
B)discussing patient's expression of sexual impulses.
C)reviewing the patient's formative years.
D)establishing an empathic stance.

Question 28

According to Freud, ______ shifts from oral sources to anal sources to the genitals during early development and later is expressed through sexuality with another object.

Question 29

In working with patients, therapists must learn to attend to their own emotional reactions and process disturbing emotions in a non-defensive, non-judgmental manner.This is referred to as:

A)rupture.
B)interpretations. c, enactments.
D)containment.

Question 30

Freud's view of the individual psychic elements of the mind as layered in consciousness is known as _________.

Question 31

While the main emphasis of psychoanalysis is a focus on unconscious drives, the Jungian approach is focused on ______.

Question 32

When Freud revised his psychological model to a structural model, he proposed _____, _____, and _____.

Question 33

Several variations on psychoanalytic theory have emerged.The theorist who emphasized the internal representations one makes of others was:

A)Anna Freud.
B)Melanie Klein.
C)Margaret Mahler.
D)D.W.Winnicott.

Question 34

If a therapist finds himself/herself reacting to a patient in a manner similar to a previous person in their life, this is known as _________.

Question 35

The ability to hold onto one's own experience while simultaneously experiencing another as an independent center of subjectivity is termed ___________.

Question 36

A therapist points out the similarities between her female patient's current anger at a female boss and the childhood anger she felt towards her mother.The goal of psychoanalysis this illustrates is:

A)narcissistic.
B)strategic.
C)transference.
D)tactical.

Question 37

In contrast to therapy offered according to classic psychoanalytical theory, newer approaches focus less on childhood sexuality and more on:

A)dream analysis.
B)id impulses.
C)determinism.
D)attachment.

Question 38

Jacques Lacan would argue that the ego is a(n):

A)biological entity.
B)psychic discharge.
C)illusion.
D)catharsis.

Question 39

In contrast to traditional psychoanalysis, current psychodynamic psychotherapy approaches are less:

A)directive.
B)empirically based.
C)intensive.
D)helpful.

Question 40

Freud viewed the main task of therapy as _______, which he referred to as a release of emotion connected with painful experiences that had not been naturally discharged.

Question 41

As part of the process of normal development, children defend against feelings that are threatening by projecting them onto an attachment figure.When patients attempt to project their distress onto the therapist, it is important for the therapist to engage in __________ (i.e., attend to their own painful emotions).

Question 42

The most rigorous evidence supporting psychoanalytical therapies comes from randomized clinical trials examining the efficacy of ________________________.