Deck 10: Linear Kinematics of Human Movement

Question 1

A runner moving at a velocity of 6 m/s increases the velocity in a 2 s time interval to a rate of 10 m/s. What is the rate of acceleration?

A) 4 m/s²
B) 4 m/s
C) 2 m/s²
D) -2 m/s²

Answer 1

2 m/s²

Question 2

The Greek letter Δ (delta) is used to represent what?

A) time
B) displacement
C) distance
D) change in

Answer 2

change in

Question 3

In sport, which measure is more important or relevant?

A) distance
B) displacement
C) depends on the situation
D) none of the above are important

Answer 3

depends on the situation

Question 4

Which of the following is/are scalar quantity(ies)?

A) distance
B) speed
C) displacement
D) both A & B

Question 5

What factor(s) distinguishes elite sprinters from non-elite performers?

A) stride length
B) stride frequency
C) both A & B
D) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of projectile motion?

A) a badminton shuttlecock during flight
B) a long jumper while in the air
C) both A & B
D) none of the above

Question 7

If velocity is constant, then acceleration is what?

A) zero
B) constant, but not necessarily zero
C) changing
D) need more information

Question 8

It takes a swimmer 1 hour to cross a lake that is 1/2 mile wide. What is true of the swimmer's acceleration?

A) it is 1/2 mi/hr
B) it is 1 mi/hr
C) it is equal to velocity squared
D) it cannot be determined from the information given

Question 9

If the velocity of a sailboat changes from 4 m/s to 2 m/s over a period of time, what is true of the sailboat's acceleration?

A) it is positive
B) it is negative
C) it is equal to zero
D) it is equal to 2 knots/hr

Question 10

A runner completes 1 full lap around a 400 meter track. What is her displacement?

A) 400 meters
B) 400 meters X 2π
C) zero
D) need more information

Question 11

Once a projectile is airborne, it is affected by which of the following?

A) gravity
B) air resistance
C) release velocity
D) both A & B
E) all of the above

Question 12

Marion Jones changes her velocity from 8 m/s to 11 m/s. Gail Devers changes hers from 7 m/s to 10 m/s. Who has the higher acceleration?

A) Marion
B) Gail
C) acceleration equal for both
D) need more information

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true regarding objects projected from the same level as they land?

A) time up and time down are equal
B) angle of decent is equal to angle of takeoff
C) both A & B
D) all of the above

Question 14

In a 5K road race, the finish line is also the starting line. What does 5K represent?

A) distance
B) displacement
C) speed
D) velocity

Question 15

Which of the following affects the time that a horizontally projected object remains in the air?

A) weight
B) mass
C) projection height
D) all of the above

Question 16

When final velocity is larger than initial velocity, the acceleration is what?

A) zero
B) negative
C) positive
D) average

Question 17

Linear distance traveled per unit of time describes what?

A) displacement
B) velocity
C) acceleration
D) speed

Question 18

A ball rolling across a field with an acceleration of -0.5 m/s² rolls 12.5 m and then comes to a stop after 8 seconds. What was the ball's initial speed?

A) 4 m/s
B) 16 m/s
C) 12.5 m/s
D) 6.25 m/s

Question 19

Vector mechanics apply to which of the following?

A) displacement
B) velocity
C) speed
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 20

Which of the following is not a kinematic quantity?

A) distance
B) displacement
C) acceleration
D) force

Question 21

A ball is tossed vertically upward from a height of 2 m with an initial velocity of 10 m/s. Just before the ball hits the ground, its velocity will be what?

A) 10 m/s
B) less than 10 m/s
C) greater than 10 m/s
D) not possible to predict

Question 22

The meter is the unit of measurement for which of the following?

A) distance
B) displacement
C) speed
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 23

Why do elite long jumpers have take-off angles far less than the optimal 45°?

A) take-off velocity is higher during lower take-off angles
B) relative take-off height is zero
C) both A and B
D) none of the above

Question 24

The laws of constant acceleration can be applied to which of the following?

A) horizontal component of projectile motion
B) vertical component of projectile motion
C) resultant of projectile motion
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 25

In the formula v₂ = v₁, what is known about acceleration?

A) acceleration = -9.81 m/s²
B) acceleration = 0
C) both A and B
D) need more information

Question 26

A ball is kicked with an initial velocity of 10 m/s at an angle of 30°. Neglecting air resistance, what is the speed of the ball at landing?

A) 10 m/s
B) 10 m/s multiplied by the sine of 30 degrees
C) 10 m/s multiplied by the cosine of 30 degrees
D) none of the above

Question 27

Which of the following is/are true regarding the apex in the trajectory of a projectile?

A) it is the highest point in the flight
B) vertical velocity is 0
C) direction changes
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 28

Which of the following factors typically exerts the most influence on the horizontal displacement obtained by a projectile?

A) projection angle
B) relative height of projection
C) initial speed of projection
D) initial acceleration of projection

Question 29

Which of the following is/are used to indicate direction of displacement?

A) right
B) negative
C) North
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 30

When a long jump performance is analyzed, which of the following is likely to be of the most interest?

A) the average velocity of the jumper during the run-up
B) the instantaneous velocity of the jumper at takeoff
C) the average velocity of the jumper during the flight
D) the instantaneous velocity of the jumper at landing

Question 31

What factor(s) distinguishes elite cross-country skiers from non-elite performers?

A) stride or cycle length
B) stride or cycle frequency
C) both A & B
D) none of the above

Question 32

What quantity is calculated as the inverse of speed?

A) velocity
B) acceleration
C) pace
D) none of the above

Question 33

Which of the following represents vertical acceleration of a projectile?

A) -9.81 m/s²
B) -9.81 m/s
C) 0 m/s²
D) 0 m/s

Question 34

What is the average velocity of a cyclist who covers 5 miles in 30 minutes?

A) 5 mi/hr
B) 10 mi/hr
C) 30 mi/hr
D) 60 mi./hr

Question 35

Neglecting the effect of air resistance, which of the following is/are true regarding the horizontal component of projectile velocity?

A) remains constant throughout flight
B) changes according to gravitational acceleration
C) equal to 0
D) both A and B

Question 36

Why does running downhill tend to increase running speed?

A) increased stride length
B) increased stride frequency
C) both A and B
D) none of the above

Question 37

Which of the following represents horizontal acceleration of a projectile?

A) -9.81 m/s²
B) -9.81 m/s
C) 0 m/s²
D) 0 m/s

Question 38

Which of the following components of projectile is affected by gravity?

A) vertical component
B) horizontal component
C) both A and B
D) depends on the individual situation

Question 39

The shape of a projectile's trajectory is influenced by which of the following?

A) angle of projection
B) air resistance
C) speed of projection
D) both A and B
E) all of the above

Question 40

The negative sign in front of the acceleration due to gravity (-9.81 m/s²) can mean which of the following?

A) the projectile is traveling down and speeding up (negative direction)
B) the projectile is traveling up and slowing down (negative acceleration)
C) both A and B
D) none of the above

Question 41

Explain why the vertical and horizontal components of a projectile are analyzed separately, including the effect of gravity and air resistance on each. Provide relative values for velocity and acceleration, both vertical and horizontal, during the flight of a projectile.

Question 42

In the absence of air resistance, the horizontal acceleration of a projectile is always equal to ___________________.

Question 43

Define velocity and acceleration, include the formulas for each and explain the relationship between the two by providing examples.

Question 44

Although elite sprinters display improved kinematics over non-elite sprinters, elite 1500-m runners do not display distinguishable kinematic differences over other skilled runners.

Question 45

Discuss the 3 mechanical factors that influence a projectile, including how a change in one will affect the others.

Question 46

If air resistance is disregarded, the horizontal component of a projectile is constant.

Question 47

Provide 2 examples in sport or rehab where instantaneous velocity is more important than average velocity and 2 examples where average velocity is more important. Provide rationale.

Question 48

The form, pattern, or sequencing of movement with respect to time defines ___________________.

Question 49

Toddlers exhibit more kinematic variability than adults during walking.

Question 50

At the apex of the trajectory of a projectile, vertical velocity is at its maximum.

Question 51

A ___________________ is a body in free fall subject only to the forces of ___________________ and __________________ __________________.

Question 52

When acceleration is 0, velocity is ___________________.

Question 53

Explain the differences between scalar and vector quantities using examples of each.

Question 54

The vertical acceleration graph of a ball tossed into the air will follow a parabolic path.

Question 55

The highest point in the trajectory of a projectile is the ___________________.