Deck 5: The Upper Extremity: The Shoulder Region

Question 1

What is the primary action of the anterior deltoid?

A) shoulder flexion
B) shoulder abduction
C) shoulder extension
D) shoulder adduction

Answer 1

shoulder flexion

Question 2

What might be the consequences of muscular weakness or atrophy in the muscles that move the scapula?

Answer 2

inability to support motion of the arm, postural deviations

Question 3

What motions of the shoulder joint and accompanying motions of the shoulder girdle are necessary in the action of a golf drive (consider all three phases-preparation, propulsion, and follow through)?

Answer 3

shoulder joint-abduction & adduction; shoulder girdle-upward rotation, abduction, adduction

Question 4

How is the glenoid fossa reoriented to increase range of motion?

A) through action of the scapula
B) through action of the humerus
C) through action of the clavicle
D) through action of the trunk

Question 5

Trapezius I produces _____ of the scapula.

A) elevation
B) depression
C) abduction
D) downward rotation

Question 6

During which action of the shoulder is the teres major most active?

A) flexion
B) extension
C) hyperextension
D) abduction

Question 7

Which of the following exercises would use the lower (sternal) portion of the pectoralis major?

A) bench press
B) biceps curls
C) pushups
D) rowing
Short Answer Questions

Question 8

Which muscle supports the arm in a position of 90 degrees of abduction?

A) anterior deltoid
B) middle deltoid
C) posterior deltoid
D) pectoralis major

Question 9

What will be the prime mover(s) at the shoulder in the propulsion phase of a wheelchair stroke?
1) pectoralis minor
2) pectoralis major
3) anterior deltoid
4) latissimus dorsi

A) pectoralis minor, latissimus dorsi
B) pectoralis major, anterior deltoid
C) pectoralis minor, pectoralis major, anterior deltoid
D) pectoralis minor, pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi

Question 10

Which motion is produced by concentric contraction of the serratus anterior?

A) upper arm
B) lower arm
C) clavicle
D) scapula

Question 11

What muscles are responsible for adduction of the scapula in archery?

A) teres major, trapezius III, rhomboids, levator scapulae
B) teres major, trapezius III, levator scapulae
C) trapezius III, rhomboids
D) rhomboids, levator scapulae

Question 12

What are the prime movers at the shoulder joint in the propulsive phase of an overhand throw?

Question 13

Starting and ending in a prone position, analyze the shoulder action in the pushup exercise.

Question 14

In order to do a handstand, what must be the motion in the scapula?

A) elevation, downward rotation, upward tilt
B) elevation, upward rotation
C) depression, downward rotation
D) depression, upward rotation, upward tilt

Question 15

What is the joint action in the shoulder girdle and glenohumeral joint in the pull phase of the front crawl stroke?

A) downward rotation and abduction of scapula--extension and inward rotation of humerus
B) downward rotation of scapula--extension and abduction of humerus
C) upward rotation and abduction of scapula--flexion and adduction of humerus
D) upward rotation of scapula--extension and inward rotation of humerus

Question 16

In which of the following actions does the latissimus dorsi act as a prime mover?

A) shoulder flexion
B) shoulder extension
C) shoulder abduction
D) outward rotation of shoulder

Question 17

What are the prime movers in shoulder flexion against gravity?
1) upper pectoralis major
2) latissimus dorsi
3) anterior deltoid
4) posterior deltoid
5) lower pectoralis major

A) upper pectoralis major, anterior deltoid
B) upper pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid
C) latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid
D) posterior deltoid, lower pectoralis major

Question 18

What is the primary reason why there is greater range of motion possible in the upper extremities than in the lower?

A) larger articular surface
B) fewer restraining ligaments
C) more freely moveable girdle
D) more bony articulations

Question 19

What are the three major articulations of the shoulder?

A) glenohumeral, coraco-humeral, acromioclavicular
B) glenohumeral, coracoclavicular, acromioclavicular
C) coracoclavicular, acromiohumeral, thoracoscapular
D) coracoclavicular, glenohumeral, thoracoscapular

Question 20

Explain why it is easier to dislocate the shoulder when the upper arm is flexed at the glenohumeral joint rather than extended.