Deck 35: Immunity

Question 1

Which statement is NOT true about neutrophils?

A)They are phagocytic.
B)They are polymorphonuclear.
C)They are made in lymphoid tissue.
D)They do not produce antibodies.
E)They are the most abundant white blood cell.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Immunoglobulins have a structure that resembles which letter?

A)A
B)B
C)S
D)T
E)Y

Answer 2

E

Question 3

In a young individual who has never been exposed to a blood transfusion,why does A-type blood have anti-B antibody,while B-type blood has anti-A antibody?

A)The fetus is exposed to the mother's blood antigens during pregnancy.
B)All individuals already have all possible antibodies at birth so this is normal.
C)That antibodies develop to A and B epitopes on intestinal microorganisms in the intestine.
D)The antibodies are transferred in the saliva from parent to child.
E)The antibodies are made to the recessive blood type that is not expressed.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The ________________ recognize antigen on the surface of macrophages and activate B cells.

Question 5

Antibodies are large protein molecules classified as ______________.

Question 6

_________________ is/are a series of proteins activated in a sequence as a response to invading organisms.

A)Complement
B)Lysozymes
C)A major histocompatibility complex
D)Interferons
E)Tumor necrosis factors

Question 7

Neutrophils and lymphocytes are types of _____.

A)platelets
B)red blood cells
C)white blood cells
D)plasma cells
E)epithelial cells

Question 8

The acquired immune response in vertebrates has two arms:

A)antibodies and antigens.
B)B and T lymphocytes.
C)cellular and humoral.
D)T_H1 and T_H2.
E)immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors.

Question 9

What type(s)of cell(s)conduct(s)phagocytosis?

Question 10

Cells bear substances on their surfaces that are the basis of nonself recognition.These substances are _______ ________ _______.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is correct?

A)Inflammation is a very specific response to a limited number of antigens.
B)All immune responses involve antibodies.
C)There are an equal number of memory cells and activated B cells that gave rise to the memory cells.
D)Inflammation is a vital process to defend and repair tissues.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

_________________ is produced by macrophages,is a mediator of inflammation,and may help cause fever.

A)Complement
B)Lysozymes
C)A major histocompatibility complex
D)Interferon
E)Tumor necrosis factor

Question 13

The terms "neutrophil" and "basophil" and "eosinophil" refer to

A)whether they are active in acidic,neutral,or basic conditions.
B)their tissue origins.
C)the type of chemical they use to kill cells.
D)stains that are used to identify them.
E)the researchers who described them.

Question 14

When a phagocyte engulfs a bacterium or other foreign particle,how does it destroy the foreign material in the vacuole?

A)By being denied its natural food and surface respiration the bacterium simply ceases to live and breaks apart over time.
B)The phagocyte's nuclear coding is stronger than that of the bacterium.
C)The Golgi body proceeds to use molecules from the foreign body for cell products.
D)A cell lysosome is fused with the foreign particle and digestive enzymes destroy the particle.
E)Cell mitochondria use the foreign material as a fuel for aerobic respiration.

Question 15

In a process called __________,an antibody becomes coated with antibody molecules and then macrophages recognize the projecting antibody regions and are stimulated to engulf the particle.

A)co-receptor toxicity
B)cytokinesis
C)antigen-presentation
D)opsonization
E)inflammation

Question 16

Low-molecular weight glycoproteins that are released by many eukaryotic cells in response to invasion by intracellular parasites are called _____.

A)complement
B)lysozymes
C)macrophages
D)interferons
E)tissue necrosis factors

Question 17

What type(s)of cell(s)conduct(s)phagocytosis?

A)Macrophages in lymph nodes
B)Kupffer cells in sinusoids
C)Microglial cells in the brain
D)Neutrophils
E)All of the choices are able to phagocytize

Question 18

The blood typing test relies on ________ of red blood cells.

A)agglutination
B)staining
C)microscopic inspection
D)culturing
E)nuclear identification

Question 19

The cells that secrete antibodies are called __________________.

Question 20

A substance that stimulates an immune response is called a/an _____________.

Question 21

One of the principal tests of the ability of invertebrate tissues to recognize nonself is grafting a tissue from another individual of the same species.This is called a(n)_________.

Question 22

Blood cells differ from one another,and when two different and incompatible blood types are mixed,_________________ happens.

Question 23

An immune response against an invading organism or other tissue damage that involves mobilizing leukocytes from capillaries to the site of injury is called the ___________ response.

Question 24

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is commonly called ________.

Question 25

Explain why hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)is a problem if the mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive,but not if the reverse is true.

Question 26

_________ cells are responsible for retaining antigen memory for faster future immune response.

Question 27

Identify the following: tumor necrosis factor,complement,phagocytosis,leukocytes.

Question 28

Discuss the following terms: susceptible,resistant,infective,noninfective,immunity.

Question 29

Rh incompatibility accounts for a peculiar and often fatal disease of the newborn called ___________________ __________.

Question 30

Certain proteins in the blood that,together with antibodies,lyse or break up invading cells are called ________________.

Question 31

Distinguish between innate immunity and acquired immunity.How are innate mechanisms influenced and sometimes strengthened as a consequence of acquired immune responses?

Question 32

The causative agent of AIDS is _______________ _________ __________.

Question 33

How do the following granulocytic leukocytes differ: neutrophils,eosinophils,basophils?

Question 34

Many immune responses involve little,if any,________ and depend on the action of cells only.

Question 35

If lysozyme is found in sweat,saliva,and tears,why can't it be used as an antibiotic against serious disease agents?