Deck 23: Circulation

Question 1

Choose the function that does not characterize the vertebrate circulatory system.

A)Transportation
B)Regulation
C)Elimination
D)Protection

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Megakaryocytes:

A)are important in the immune response
B)produce fibrin for blood clotting
C)give rise to platelets
D)carry carbon dioxide in the blood

Answer 2

C

Question 3

How do veins prevent the backflow of blood within them?

A)By having thick,muscular walls
B)Because of the tiny lumen inside them
C)They are capable of contracting
D)They possess flaplike valves

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Platelets are important in:

A)blood clotting
B)transporting carbon dioxide
C)the cellular immune response
D)inflammation
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Blood plasma contains all of the following EXCEPT:

A)proteins
B)salts and ions
C)metabolites and wastes
D)hemoglobin

Question 6

When you are scared or cold and turn pale it is because the _________ in your skin are constricting.

A)veins
B)capillaries
C)venules
D)arterioles
E)arteries

Question 7

The function of lacteals is to:

A)carry dead blood cells back to the spleen for destruction
B)absorb fat from the digestive tract
C)ensure that blood does not flow backwards
D)regulate blood pressure
E)regulate the heart beat

Question 8

When heart valves do not close fully or open incompletely,this can be heard using a stethoscope as:

A)lub dub
B)atherosclerosis
C)heart murmur
D)major heart defect

Question 9

_________________ are the blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body.

A)Erythrocytes
B)Leukocytes
C)Thrombocytes
D)Platelets

Question 10

The average lifespan of a red blood cell is approximately:

A)15 days
B)1 month
C)2 months
D)4 months
E)6 months

Question 11

Exchange of nutrients and gases between tissue cells and the blood takes place through the walls of:

A)veins
B)arterioles
C)capillaries
D)venules

Question 12

Generally speaking,gills are never complex structures.

Question 13

Which animal has countercurrent heat exchange to retain heat in a cold environment?

A)Bees
B)Bony fish
C)Foxes
D)Birds
E)Whales

Question 14

________________ is caused by an interference with the blood supply to the brain.

A)Angina pectoris
B)A stroke
C)Atherosclerosis
D)Arteriosclerosis

Question 15

Trace the wave of depolarization through the heart.

A)SA node $\rarr$ atria $\rarr$ ventricles $\rarr$ AV node $\rarr$ bundle of His $\rarr$ Purkinje fibers
B)AV node $\rarr$ atria $\rarr$ SA node $\rarr$ ventricles $\rarr$ Purkinje fibers $\rarr$ bundle of His
C)AV node $\rarr$ atria $\rarr$ SA node $\rarr$ Purkinje fibers $\rarr$ bundle of His $\rarr$ ventricles
D)SA node $\rarr$ atria $\rarr$ AV node $\rarr$ bundle of His $\rarr$ Purkinje fibers $\rarr$ ventricles

Question 16

Put the terms in the correct order from the heart to the body and back to the heart.

A)arteries $\rarr$ arterioles $\rarr$ capillaries $\rarr$ venules $\rarr$ veins
B)venules $\rarr$ arterioles $\rarr$ capillaries $\rarr$ veins $\rarr$ arteries
C)veins $\rarr$ venules $\rarr$ capillaries $\rarr$ veins $\rarr$ arteries
D)arteries $\rarr$ venules $\rarr$ veins $\rarr$ arterioles $\rarr$ capillaries

Question 17

After blood flows through the right ventricle of the human heart,its next major destination is:

A)the lungs
B)the arms
C)the systemic system
D)the left ventricle

Question 18

Which type of blood cell mainly defends against parasites?

A)Erythrocyte
B)Neutrophil
C)Eosinophil
D)Basophil
E)Monocyte

Question 19

Unlike other blood cells,certain types of _________________ are not confined to the bloodstream,but instead can squeeze through the walls of capillaries to get to where they are needed.

A)erythrocytes
B)leukocytes
C)thrombocytes
D)platelets

Question 20

Which of these is not a characteristic of an open circulatory system?

A)Found in mollusks and arthropods.
B)Contains hemolymph.
C)There is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid or lymph.
D)Blood is enclosed within blood vessels.

Question 21

Mollusks and arthropods have closed circulatory systems.

Question 22

_________________ are blood vessels that move blood away from the heart.

Question 23

Which animal has a gastrovascular cavity?

A)Flatworms,such as Planaria
B)Mollusks,such as clams
C)Animals,such as fish
D)Insects,like the fly

Question 24

The fraction of the total volume of the blood that is occupied by red blood cells is called the blood's hematocrit.

Question 25

All these animals have a closed circulatory system except:

A)earthworm
B)fly
C)leeches
D)camels
E)lions

Question 26

Which animal obtains additional oxygen by cutaneous respiration?

A)Crocodiles
B)Turtles
C)Frogs
D)Birds
E)Shrews

Question 27

Which valve in the human heart prevents oxygenated blood from going back into the left atrium?

A)Bicuspid (mitral)valve
B)Aortic semilunar valve
C)Tricuspid valve
D)Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 28

White blood cells are also called erythrocytes.

Question 29

Cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of death in the United States.

Question 30

Blood plasma is 90% water.

Question 31

_________________ are tiny blood vessels leading away from capillaries to veins.

Question 32

Which is incorrect about the fish heart?

A)Blood returns to the heart through veins.
B)The heartbeat sequence in the fish is maintained in vertebrates that evolved later.
C)It is a 3-chambered heart shaped like a tube.
D)The electrical impulse that produces the contraction is initiated in the sinus venosus.
E)It pumps fully oxygenated blood to the body that has passed over the gills.

Question 33

The sinoatrial node controls the heart beat.

Question 34

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

A)To return protein to the circulation
B)To transport fats absorbed from the intestine
C)To aid in the body's defenses
D)To carry bacteria and dead blood cells to the lymph nodes and spleen
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 35

All of these animals have a four-chambered heart with two separate pumping systems except:

A)hummingbirds
B)cats
C)crocodiles
D)lizards
E)elephants

Question 36

Which of the following is the single most effective action a person can take to help prevent atherosclerosis?

A)Eat a diet low in saturated fat.
B)Control high blood pressure.
C)Eat a diet low in cholesterol.
D)Stop smoking.

Question 37

Fibrinogen's main function is as an osmotic counterforce.

Question 38

Angina pectoris is:

A)the muscle tissue that lines the left side of the heart
B)the muscle tissue that lines the right side of the heart
C)when a blood vessel bursts in the brain
D)another term for "chest pain"
E)when blood leaks back into the atria because the valves are leaky

Question 39

In a ___________ circulatory system,blood is pumped by a heart through blood vessels.

Question 40

Once inside the lymphatic system,tissue fluid is called ______________.

Question 41

Describe how arteries are adapted to carry high pressure blood.

Question 42

How does the structure of lymphatic capillaries differ from that of capillaries of the circulatory system?

Question 43

Explain the protective functions of the vertebrate circulatory system.

Question 44

The heart valve guarding the entrance to the aorta is the _________ valve.

Question 45

The veins leading from the lungs to the heart are the ____________ veins.