Deck 12: The Situation

Question 1

According to Kerr and Jermier,a cohesive work group may provide a substitute for the leader's task and relationship behavior.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Tasks with high levels of interdependence require leaders to use their organizing,planning,directing,and communication skills.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Leaders at higher organizational levels spend most of their time and effort implementing policies and procedures.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Researchers advocating the situational viewpoint believed leaders were made,not born.

Question 5

In the information age,companies primarily succeed according to how well they can capture the benefits from "economies of scale and scope".

Question 6

Leaders and followers often overlook how changing the situation can help them to change their behavior.

Question 7

Solving a morale problem exemplifies a structured task.

Question 8

Spatial complexity makes it easier for leaders to have face-to-face communication with subordinates and to provide personal support and encouragement.

Question 9

Organizational culture can be better understood by considering an organization's symbols,rituals,and language.

Question 10

Organizational climate is partly a function of organizational culture.

Question 11

Task autonomy is the degree to which a job provides individuals with some control over what they do and how they do it.

Question 12

Leaders can change an organization's culture by attending to or ignoring problems.

Question 13

With the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator,judgers prefer activities that are unstructured.

Question 14

Competitive advantage in one generation of a product's life is no guarantee of success for future generations of that product.

Question 15

According to Heifetz,technical problems can only be solved by changing the system itself,while adaptive problems do not require changes to the social system.

Question 16

Market cultures are characterized by a high degree of flexibility and discretion and a focus on the internal environment.

Question 17

Independent leadership cultures are characterized by widespread beliefs and practices that leadership is a collective activity requiring mutual inquiry and learning.

Question 18

Greater horizontal complexity is associated with an increased likelihood for communication breakdowns between subunits.

Question 19

The degree of formalization in an organization tends to vary with its size.

Question 20

In general,job satisfaction has more to do with non-task perceptions of work,such as feelings about co-workers,while organizational climate relates to perceptions of workload and the nature of the tasks involved.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an adaptive problem?

A) The problem can only be solved by changing the system itself.
B) It may be difficult to reach a consensus on what the problem really is.
C) The problem may be complex,but there is an expert solution to solve it.
D) Current resources and ways of thinking may be insufficient to solve the problem.

Question 22

Industrial age companies prospered by offering low-cost but standardized products and services.This pertains to:

A) customer segmentation.
B) links to customers and suppliers.
C) innovations.
D) cross functions.

Question 23

Organizations with a _____ culture tend to have formalized rules and procedures.

A) clan
B) adhocracy
C) hierarchy
D) market

Question 24

Role theory clarifies how situational demands and constraints cause:

A) vertical complexity.
B) horizontal complexity.
C) role overload.
D) role conflict.

Question 25

Which of the following statements concerning societal culture is most likely FALSE?

A) Societal culture is comprised of the learned behaviors characterizing the total way of life of members within any given society.
B) The beliefs and myths of a culture that provide context to manifest behaviors are generally hidden from view.
C) To most outsiders,the most salient and visible aspect of any culture is the values.
D) Becoming aware of cultural perspectives is critical for leaders in the global context.

Question 26

According to the GLOBE study,societies higher on future orientation tend to:

A) have flexible and adaptive organizations and managers.
B) assign greater weight to love in marriage decisions.
C) have lower rates of economic success.
D) have lower heart attack rates.

Question 27

A leader trying to solve a morale problem in the workplace is most likely facing a task that is:

A) structured.
B) synchronized.
C) unstructured.
D) technical.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about unstructured tasks is most likely FALSE?

A) Unstructured tasks are by nature somewhat ill defined.
B) Reducing the ambiguity of an unstructured situation is a leadership behavior appreciated by followers.
C) While it is easier for a leader to give instruction in unstructured tasks,it is not necessarily the most helpful thing to do.
D) Subordinates need help when a task is unstructured.

Question 29

Which of the following types of culture has roots that mean "temporary or specialized"?

A) Adhocracy culture
B) Hierarchy culture
C) Clan culture
D) Market culture

Question 30

GLOBE researchers identified six cultural dimensions that were determined to be applicable across all global cultures for assessing culturally endorsed implicit theories of leadership (CLTs).Which of the following is NOT one of those dimensions?

A) Team-oriented leadership
B) Self-protective leadership
C) Autonomous leadership
D) Democratic leadership

Question 31

The organizational structure is best described as:

A) a tangible reality.
B) an end in itself.
C) sacrosanct and permanent.
D) a tool for getting things done.

Question 32

Workers may be able to accomplish their tasks in an autonomous fashion,but the products of their efforts must be coordinated in order for the group to be successful.This refers to:

A) task interdependence.
B) task autonomy.
C) task structure.
D) task feedback.

Question 33

Organizational climate is best described as:

A) how well organizational members get along with each other.
B) a system of shared beliefs among members of a group.
C) highly related to task perceptions of work.
D) wider in scope than job satisfaction.

Question 34

The information age organization operates with integrated business processes that cut across traditional business functions.This concerns which operating assumption underlying the information age?

A) Links to customers and suppliers
B) Cross functions
C) Global scales
D) Knowledge workers

Question 35

According to GLOBE,which of the following behaviors is culturally contingent?

A) Asocial
B) Dynamic
C) Ambitious
D) Insensitive

Question 36

Jeff works as a self-employed consultant.He decides when,where,and how he works based on market demand and personal preference.Jeff's job most likely has a high degree of task:

A) autonomy.
B) interdependence.
C) structure.
D) feedback.

Question 37

According to GLOBE,which of the following is universally viewed as a negative leader attribute?

A) Formal
B) Domineering
C) Foresighted
D) Egocentric

Question 38

Which of the following is an advantage of decentralized organizations?

A) Uniform policies and procedures that are strictly enforced
B) Minimal participation in the decision process
C) Greater acceptance of decision outcomes
D) Clearer coordination procedures

Question 39

There is a known procedure for accomplishing a task and rules governing how one goes about it.If these rules are followed,there is one result.These features most likely characterize:

A) task autonomy.
B) a structured task.
C) an unstructured task.
D) task interdependence.

Question 40

Typically,greater horizontal complexity is associated with:

A) the number of hierarchical levels appearing on an organization chart.
B) the increased likelihood for communication breakdowns between subunits.
C) the degree of standardization in an organization.
D) the diffusion of decision making throughout an organization.

Question 41

What are leadership cultures? Describe the characteristics of dependent,independent,and interdependent leadership cultures.

Question 42

Differentiate between organizational culture and organizational climate.

Question 43

Briefly explain the fundamental premises of Hunt and Osborn's multiple-influence model.

Question 44

What is task feedback? What factors about task feedback are important for leaders to consider?

Question 45

Define formalization and discuss its advantages and disadvantages for leaders and followers.

Question 46

Describe organizational complexity and the three dimensions on which it can be measured.

Question 47

GLOBE researchers identified six dimensions that were determined to be applicable across all global cultures for assessing culturally endorsed implicit theories of leadership (CLTs).Identify and discuss five of these dimensions and how they are used to categorize societies.

Question 48

Define task interdependence and describe the leadership style for jobs with high interdependence.

Question 49

Define task structure.Describe the leadership style(s)needed to train and supervise a new worker on a job with high task structure.

Question 50

Explain how level of authority affects leaders' and followers' behavior.